scholarly journals CHARACTERISTICS OF VIRAL ANTIGENS AND MICROBIAL SPECTRUM OF UPPER AND LOWER RESPIRATORY TRACT IN INFANTS WITH BRONCHITIS

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 34-37
Author(s):  
M. Yе. Fesenko ◽  
V. I. Pokhylko ◽  
L.S. Zyuzina ◽  
O.O. Kalyuzhka ◽  
M. M. Fastovets
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Bacterial Contamination ◽  
Intestinal Microflora ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Bacterial Inoculation ◽  
Viral Antigens ◽  
Clinical Forms ◽  
Young Infants ◽  
Very Young Children ◽  
Remission Period

Introduction. The difficulty in diagnosing different clinical forms of bronchitis is due to the fact that their clinical manifestations have a number of similar symptoms, despite the fact that these diseases may be as-sociated with different forms according to the classification. Diagnosis can be often complicated by the pre-disposition of very young children to recurrent respiratory diseases, which often mark the formation of a pro-longed and recurrent course of the disease caused by viral and bacterial contamination of the respiratory tract. The aim of this study is to investigate viral and microbial contamination of the respiratory tract in vari-ous clinical forms of bronchitis of infants and to clarify their etiological significance in parallel with the as-sessment of the intestinal microflora. Materials and methods. 578 children aged from 6 months to 3 years with various clinical forms of bronchitis were monitored. Virological examination was performed by the direct Coons method, which detected viral antigens in the cells of the mucous membrane of the lower nasal si-nuses. Bacteriological examination was performed by bacterial inoculation of nasopharyngeal mucus, spu-tum and feces in a nutrient medium. Results. Clinical and laboratory examination of young infants made it possible to identify the influence of detected viral antigens and pathogenic microflora in the throat, sputum and feces on the formation of various clinical forms of bronchitis and their clinical peculiarities not only in the period of exacerbation, but also in a remission period that indicates the persistence of viruses and bacteria. Conclusion. Detection of viral antigens, dysbiosis and microbial aggression of the upper and lower respira-tory tract gives grounds for substantiating the indications for staged rehabilitation therapy for infants with various clinical forms of bronchitis.

Respiratory tract damage with bocavirus infection in children

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 14-18
Author(s):  
E. V. Sharipova ◽  
I. V. Babachenko ◽  
M. A. Shcherbatyh
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Lower Respiratory Tract ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Respiratory Viruses ◽  
Community Acquired Pneumonia ◽  
Human Bocavirus ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Tract Damage

Long time the main pathogens associated with the development of community-acquired pneumonia were bacteria. However, in recent years in the Russian Federation, like all over the world, the view of the damage of lower respiratory tract changed, including a unique approach to community-acquired pneumonia as a bacterial infection, and respiratory viruses have become seen as a direct cause of lower respiratory tract damage, or as part of a viral-bacterial co-infection. These studies became possible since the widespread introduction of PCR techniques in the clinical setting, identification of respiratory viruses has increased and new microorganisms such, one as human bocavirus have been discovered. Objective: to study the features of respiratory tract damage in acute bocavirus infection in children of different ages. Materials and methods: A retrospective analysis of 97 medical hospital documentation of children with acute bocavirus infection, detected confirmed by PCR in nasopharyngeal aspirate. Results: In this work, it was shown that human bocavirus spread throughout the year with an increase in the incidence of clinically significant forms in the autumnwinter period, including during the period of an increase in the incidence of influenza. HBoV infection requiring hospitals is most significant in the first three years of life. In 74.2% of hospitalized children, bocavirus infection occurs with lower respiratory tract infections in the form of bronchitis — 77.8%, pneumonia — 28.9% and rarely bronchiolitis and is complicated by the development of respiratory failure in 28.9% of cases. Changes in the blood test are non-specific, and the level of C-reactive protein in children with various clinical manifestations of HBoV infection generally does not exceed 50 mg / l. An x-ray of the chest organs does not objectively reflect the existing volume and nature of the inflammatory process in the lungs.

Morphologic changes and prognosis of the respiratory tract epithelium in inhalation injury and their relationship with clinical manifestations

Surgery ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 151 (2) ◽  
pp. 206-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Ligen ◽  
Yang Hongming ◽  
Li Feng ◽  
Shen Chuanan ◽  
Hao Daifeng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Inhalation Injury ◽  
Morphologic Changes

HEREDITARY ANGIOEDEMA – A PROBLEM AT THE INTERSECTION OF IMMUNOLOGY AND ALLERGOLOGY: ANALYSIS OF LITERATURE DATA AND DESCRIPTION OF A SERIES OF 34 CASES

2021 ◽  
Vol 100 (2) ◽  
pp. 49-57
Author(s):  
M.N. Guseva ◽  
◽  
E.I. Zinina ◽  
E.N. Suspitsyn ◽  
M.M. Kostik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Hereditary Angioedema ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Upper Airways ◽  
Peripheral Edema ◽  
Dominant Disease ◽  
Characteristic Features ◽  
Head Neck

Hereditary angioedema (HAE) is a rare autosomal dominant disease characterized by isolated recurrent angioedema (AE) of various localizations: skin, the submucosa in the gastrointestinale tract, the respiratory tract. The characteristic features of edema in HAE are the absence of itching, skin flushing, accompanying urticaria, as well as the absence of pronounced effect of systemic corticosteroid therapy, systemic antihistamines therapy and adrenaline. The aim of our study was to present a descriptive characteristics of the group of patients with HAE and to access efficacy and safety of treatment. Materials and methods: the retrospective multicenter continuous nonrandomized uncontrolled study included data on 34 patients: 19 men (56%) and 15 women (44%) with HAE. The diagnosis of HAE was based on clinical and laboratorial data, according to the clinical guidelines of the Russian Association of allergologists and clinical immunologists on HAE (2014). Results The age range of patients at the time of inclusion in the study was 5–82 years, median – 38,8 (20,6; 46,9) years. Median age of first HAE episode was 12,5 (5,8; 16,3) years, ranged from 2 to 40, 22/28 (79%) of the patients manifested before 18 years. HAE was diagnosed at the median age of 30 years (17,5; 44,8) years, in 14,0 (9,0; 25,0) years after onset of the clinical manifestations. Most of the observations described have a positive family history of HAE (91%), in total 9 families were described. In 67% of families the disease manifested itself in two generations and in 33% of families – in three generations. At the onset of HAE peripheral edema was in 29/31 (94%) of the patients, and 22/31 (71%) had edema confined to the distal extremities. 7/31 (29%) patients had peripheral edema combined with edema of other locations. Abdominal attacks were in 6/31 (19%), head, neck and upper airways edema were in 7/31 (23%). The frequency of swelling of head, neck, upper respiratory tract increased statistically significantly from 23% (7/31) to 35% (7/20, p=0,003). 24 patients have recieved Icatibant treatment. No deaths were recorded against the background of this treatment. Conclusions HAE is diagnosed with significant time delays. Icatibant treatment is safe and effective.

CLINIC AND COMPLICATIONS OF COVID-19 CORONAVIRUS DISEASE WITH PATHOGENESIS ELEMENTS

2020 ◽  
pp. 72-79
Author(s):  
I. V. Аndrusovich
Keyword(s):  
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Clinical Course ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract

The longer the COVID−19 coronavirus pandemic lasts, the more information about its clinical manifestations is accumulated. The incubation period of COVID−19 ranges from 2 to 14 days, rarely up to 3 weeks, but in a significant number of cases an infection is not accompanied with the appearance of clinical symptoms. Currently, the following variants of the clinical course of COVID−19 can be identified as follows: viral load; subclinical; slight; uncomplicated with damage to only the upper respiratory tract; mild pneumonia, severe pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome, etc. The clinical course of COVID−19 depends on the severity, the criteria of which are the intoxication manifestation, the degree of fever and the dominant syndrome. Mild / moderate forms are manifested by frequent increase in body temperature up to 38 ° C, respiratory symptoms, headache, myalgias, palpitations and general malaise. Patients stop distinguishing smells and feel the taste of food. Approximately from the 7th to the 9th days of the disease there are problems with breathing, which indicates the impairment of the lower respiratory tract and the beginning of the second phase of the disease, and its course is regarded as severe. Severe forms of the disease can also be manifested by impaired coordination of movements, slurred speech. In 1 to 4 % of patients there is developed the psychosis in the form of hallucinations. In the elderly, COVID−19 may be accompanied by delirium, lowering blood pressure. The risks of adverse disease are associated with somatic diseases: cardiovascular and nervous systems, respiratory tract, hormonal disorders, etc. Otitis, sinusitis, sepsis, bronchopulmonary infection, thrombosis, myocarditis etc. can be the complications of COVID−19. Computer tomography is an instrumental test that demonstrates the damage of lungs with coronavirus and allows to assess its severity. Key words: coronavirus infection, COVID−19, clinical variants, severity, pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome.

scholarly journals Bacterial Transfer Associated with Blowing Out Candles on a Birthday Cake

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Paul Dawson ◽  
Inyee Han ◽  
Danielle Lynn ◽  
Jenevieve Lackey ◽  
Johnson Baker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Bacterial Contamination ◽  
Oral Bacteria ◽  
Nutrient Agar ◽  
Human Breath ◽  
Birthday Cake ◽  
Food Consumed

This study examined the potential spread of bacteria when blowing out candles on a birthday cake. Preliminary tests of blowing on nutrient agar indicated that bioaerosols in human breath expelled from the mouth may be a source of bacteria transferred to cake surfaces. To test aerosol transfer to cake, icing was spread evenly over foil then birthday candles were placed through the foil into a Styrofoam™ base. After consuming pizza, test subjects were asked to extinguish the candles by blowing. Icing samples were sterilely recovered then surface plated, to determine the level of bacterial contamination. Blowing out the candles over the icing surface resulted in 1400% more bacteria compared to icing not blown on. Due to the transfer of oral bacteria to icing by blowing out birthday candles, the transfer of bacteria and other microorganisms from the respiratory tract of a person blowing out candles to food consumed by others is likely. 

scholarly journals Experience in treatment and prevention of respiratory diseases relapses in children with the use of the phytotherapeutic complex «Alpicol»: feedback of doctors in Ukraine

2021 ◽  
pp. 12-22
Author(s):  
О.К. Koloskova ◽  
◽  
A.L. Kosakovskyi ◽  
T.M. Bilous ◽  
I.B. Horbatiuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Therapeutic Efficacy ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Parents And Children

Infectious and inflammatory diseases of the respiratory tract in children are the «leaders» among all pathologies of childhood. Optimization of therapeutic and prophylactic approaches for infectious and inflammatory pathologies of the respiratory system by reducing the frequency of unreasonable antibiotic therapy and eliminating polypragmatic use is a relevant problem of modern pediatrics and otolaryngology. According to WHO guidelines, modern standardized herbal medicines are not inferior in efficiency to synthetic ones. The aim — to analyze the results of assessment by doctors of the preventive and therapeutic efficacy of the remedy «Alpicol» on the basis of a questionnaire, as well as clinical examination of patients before using the medication and after completion of the course of treatment. Materials and methods. The advantages of «Alpicol» were analyzed through a questionnaire offered by first contact practitioners to children in order to receive feedback on the assessment of the preventive and therapeutic efficacy of this medication. Doctors from 9 regions of Ukraine were involved, and 6,093 questionnaires of children of different ages were analyzed. Results. The frequency of registration of a pronounced paediatric pain (3 scores) with the use of the «Alpicol» medication significantly decreased (23.7 times), a moderate manifestation of the disease (2 scores), was 17 times less at the same time, mild manifestations of paediatric pain remained at the same level. Patients with a comorbid pathology of the respiratory tract in the form of recurrent lesions of the upper and lower airways during the 2nd visit received a zero score (no symptoms) significantly less frequently than children with pathology of the upper respiratory tract with 62.6% of cases versus 72.2% of observations, respectively (p<0.05). As a result of the use of the course of «Alpicol» medication, a statistically significant decrease in the severity of the catarrhal symptom complex was achieved, since the proportion of the course of disease, assessed by the maximum number of scores, decreased by 29.6 times, moderate (score 2) — 13.3 times, and zero scores appeared 5.7 times more often. At the same time, the proportion of patients with a mild course of catarrh practically did not change. Conclusions. «Alpicol» has a multi;vector efficacy against the complex of symptoms that accompany infectious and inflammatory exacerbations of recurrent respiratory diseases. This is manifested by a decrease in the severity of clinical manifestations of the disease, as well as in an increase in cases of clinical stabilization of the patient's condition, which demonstrates the therapeutic and prophylactic effect of the drug «Alpicol» on the course of recurrent respiratory diseases in children. The study was carried out in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. The study protocol was adopted by the Local Ethics Committee of all institutions indicated in this research. The informed consent of parents and children was obtained. The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest. Key words: ecurrent respiratory diseases, treatment and prevention, children, phytocomplexes.

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