scholarly journals Management of Breast Cancer in Nepal

2009 ◽  
Vol 48 (175) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yogendra P Singh ◽  
P Sayami
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Cancer Education ◽  
Tumor Biology ◽  
Metastatic Breast ◽  
Premenopausal Women ◽  
Clinical Breast Examination ◽  
Cancer Management ◽  
Breast Cancer Management ◽  
Clinical Breast

Breast cancer is the second most common malignancy among women in Nepal. It is more commonin young premenopausal women. Breast cancer continues to increase in incidence due to lifestylechanges in Nepalese women despite constant remarkable development in the management of thisdisease over the past three decades. Breast cancer was diagnosed solely clinically and surgery wasthe only treatment option until fi fty years ago. Multidisciplinary approach has been adopted fordiagnosis and treatment of breast cancer in Nepal. Imaging is required for the diagnosis, appropriatetreatment decision and proper follow up. Treatment modality depends upon the extent of thedisease and tumor biology. However, there is a strong need for standard guidelines for the propermanagement of breast cancer in Nepal so that surgeries, chemotherapy, hormone therapy andradiotherapy are standardized in the country. Palliative care has been initiated to provide to somepatients with metastatic breast cancer recently.The breast cancer management in Nepal is a little different when compared with the centers in thedeveloped countries. The reasons are socioeconomic status, lack of education and lack of facilities.Although cancer care is on the rise in Nepal, the optimal facility for centers managing breast cancerhas to be improved signifi cantly.Cancer education, screening and early detection are the keyelements to infl uence the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of breast cancer in Nepal. Breast cancerawareness and clinical breast examination are important tools for early detection in our resourcelimited context. Breast cancer can be cured in majority of the cases if diagnosed in early stages.This review will focus on relevant patient data along with future recommendation regarding breastcancer treatment in Nepal.Key Words: Breast cancer, cancer education, chemotherapy, imaging, radiotherapy, surgery

scholarly journals A Community-Based Clinical Breast Examination Program: Is it Feasible?

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement 3) ◽  
pp. 36s-36s
Author(s):  
Ranjit K. Pritam Singh ◽  
Zainab Abdullah ◽  
Salimah Saleh
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
Clinical Breast Examination ◽  
Outreach Program ◽  
Breast Lump ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Breast Examination ◽  
Clinical Breast ◽  
Palpable Breast

Purpose Breast cancer presents in advanced stages in low- and middle-income countries where screening mammography is not available. In Malaysia, almost 60% of women, particularly in those the low socioeconomic group, present with stage III and IV breast cancer. We evaluated the feasibility of a community-based early detection program using clinical breast examination (CBE) carried out by the Breast Cancer Welfare Association, a nongovernmental organization. Methods Using a mobile clinic that was equipped to carry out CBE, a team of six health professionals trained in CBE techniques reached out to urban poor communities on the outskirts of the city and the rural population at the invitation of community leaders. At these events, breast self-awareness was taught to the community, with particular regard to the signs and symptoms of breast cancer and to breast self-examination. CBE was carried out in those women who agreed to be examined. Women who were found to have breast lumps were referred to the nearest public hospital and were observed for compliance. Women with anxiety were counseled. Results In 2016 to 2017, CBE was performed for 7,503 women, and 295 (3.9%) were found to have a palpable breast lump. These women were referred to the nearest hospital for additional assessment. Of these women, 156 (52.9%) consulted the doctor and sought additional examination. A total of 153 patients had no malignant findings, whereas three were found to have breast cancer. The mean age for women found to have a palpable breast lump was younger than 40 years—35 years in 2016 and 33 years in 2017—whereas the median age among the 295 women was 33 years in 2016 and 31 years in 2017 (range, 17 to 67 years). Conclusion A community outreach program using CBE as a method of early detection is feasible in Malaysia. Additional study is required to determine why 47% of those who were found to have a breast lump did not seek additional assessment. AUTHORS' DISCLOSURES OF POTENTIAL CONFLICTS OF INTEREST The following represents disclosure information provided by authors of this manuscript. All relationships are considered compensated. Relationships are self-held unless noted. I = Immediate Family Member, Inst = My Institution. Relationships may not relate to the subject matter of this manuscript. For more information about ASCO's conflict of interest policy, please refer to www.asco.org/rwc or ascopubs.org/jco/site/ifc . No COIs from the authors.

scholarly journals Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice Regarding Breast Cancer Early Detection Among Women in a Mountainous Area in Northern Vietnam

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 107327481986377
Author(s):  
Do Thi Thanh Toan ◽  
Dinh Thai Son ◽  
Le Xuan Hung ◽  
Luu Ngoc Minh ◽  
Dinh Le Mai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Clinical Breast Examination ◽  
Breast Self Examination ◽  
Cancer Early Detection ◽  
Attitude And Practice ◽  
Breast Examination ◽  
Clinical Breast ◽  
Self Examination ◽  
Knowledge Attitude And Practice

Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women all over the world, also in Vietnam. In recent years, the incidence of breast cancer has been increasing in Vietnam, and most cases are diagnosed at late stages, making treatment more difficult. More and better early detection could help more women to survive. The aim of this study was to identify the current knowledge, attitude and practice about early detection of breast cancer as well as potential predictors of breast cancer screening among women aged 20 to 49 year in a mountainous commune in Thanh Hoa Province, Vietnam, in a largely ethnic Muong population. Women aged 20 to 49 years were selected by systematic random sampling to participate in a cross sectional study in October 2017. They were interviewed with a closed questionnaire about their knowledge of breast cancer, its risk factors, and warning signs. A checklist for performance of breast self-examination was also applied. Three hundred six women agreed to participate in the study. More than half had a low level of knowledge, and were weak in attitude and practice about breast self-examination, clinical breast examination, breast ultrasound, and mamography. Among women who had practiced at least 1 screening method, 17.0% mentioned clinical breast examination, and only 13.8% reported practicing breast self-examination. Factors associated with practice included knowledge about breast cancer early detection (BCED), ethnicity, income, the BCED information approach, and the BCED screening programs approach. The finding of a very low proportion of women in the mountainous setting with good awareness and practice on early detection of breast cancer is important evidence to inform the BCED intervention program developers about where and how to target which information, especially to reach more ethnic minority women.

Magnetic resonance imaging for primary breast cancer management: current role and new applications.

2002 ◽  
pp. 141-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
L Esserman ◽  
D Wolverton ◽  
N Hylton
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Mr Imaging ◽  
Mr Images ◽  
Cancer Management ◽  
The Past ◽  
Breast Cancer Management ◽  
Clinical Breast ◽  
Unnecessary Procedures ◽  
New Applications

Techniques for magnetic resonance (MR) imaging of the breast have been evolving over the past decade. The opportunities for integration of MR imaging into clinical breast cancer management and clinical research are increasing. In this paper, we will review the principles behind the creation of standard and MR images and use this as a platform to evaluate clinical studies and indications for the use and study of MR. In particular, we will focus on those areas where MR has the capability of changing care and/or improving our understanding of the biology of breast cancer. In addition, we will address areas where MR is not yet capable of adding value or where MR may lead to unnecessary procedures.

Original Paper: Contribution of clinical breast examination to mammography screening in the early detection of breast cancer

2003 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Bancej ◽  
K Decker ◽  
A Chiarelli ◽  
M Harrison ◽  
D Turner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Breast Cancer Mortality ◽  
Clinical Breast Examination ◽  
Screening Mammography ◽  
Detection Rates ◽  
Breast Examination ◽  
Mode Of Detection ◽  
Clinical Breast ◽  
Interim Measures

Objectives: As the benefit of clinical breast examination (CBE) over that of screening mammography alone in reducing breast cancer mortality is uncertain, it is informative to monitor its contribution to interim measures of effectiveness of a screening programme. Here, the contribution of CBE to screening mammography in the early detection of breast cancer was evaluated. Setting: Four Canadian organised breast cancer screening programmes. Methods: Women aged 50-69 receiving dual screening (CBE and mammography) (n=300,303) between 1996 and 1998 were followed up between screen and diagnosis. Outcomes assessed by mode of detection (CBE alone, mammography alone, or both CBE and mammography) included referral rate, positive predictive value, pathological features of tumours (size, nodal status, morphology), and cancer detection rates overall and for small cancers (≤10 mm or node-negative). Heterogeneity in findings across programmes was also assessed. Results: On first versus subsequent screen, CBE alone resulted in 28.5-36.7% of referrals, and 4.6-5.9% of cancers compared with 52.6-60.1% of referrals and 60.0-64.3% of cancers for mammography alone. Among cancers detected by CBE, 83.6-88.6% were also detected by mammography, whereas for mammographically detected cancers only 31.7-37.2% were also detected by CBE. On average, CBE increased the rate of detection of small invasive cancers by 2-6% over rates if mammography was the sole detection method. Without CBE, programmes would be missing three cancers for every 10,000 screens and 3-10 small invasive cancers in every 100,000 screens. Conclusions: Inclusion of CBE in an organised programme contributes minimally to early detection.

scholarly journals Breast Cancer: A Review of Mammography and Clinical Breast Examination for Early Detection of Cancer

OALib ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 07 (10) ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Gadafi Iddrisu Balali ◽  
Denis Dekugmen Yar ◽  
Vera Gobe Afua Dela ◽  
Emmanuel Effah-Yeboah ◽  
Philip Asumang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Early Detection Of Cancer ◽  
Clinical Breast Examination ◽  
Breast Examination ◽  
Clinical Breast

PP-8-34 Metastatic breast cancer management in France

1996 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 55
Author(s):  
R. Launois ◽  
J. Reboul-Marty ◽  
B. Henry ◽  
P. Aussage ◽  
M.L. Abella ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Metastatic Breast Cancer ◽  
Metastatic Breast ◽  
Cancer Management ◽  
Breast Cancer Management

Recent Advances in the Systemic Management of Metastatic Breast Cancer

2002 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Boehnke Michaud ◽  
Kellie L. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Metastatic Breast Cancer ◽  
Metastatic Breast ◽  
The United States ◽  
Similar Efficacy ◽  
Synergistic Activity ◽  
Cancer Management ◽  
Breast Cancer Management ◽  
Chemotherapy Agents ◽  
The Way

Although improvements in breast cancer management have been made, many women are diagnosed with metastatic breast cancer, an incurable stage of the disease. Several new therapies have become available over the past years that have changed the way we manage metastatic breast cancer. The new aromatase inhibitors, anastrozole, letrozole, and exemestane, are potent agents in this fight. Anastrozole and letrozole have been shown to produce superior efficacy and tolerability compared with tamoxifen as first-line endocrine therapy for metastatic breast cancer. Exemestane is being compared with tamoxifen in a similar manner, but results are pending. Trastuzumab is a monoclonal antibody directed against the HER2 oncogene with intrinsic antitumor activity and synergistic activity with traditional chemotherapy. Newer combinations with trastuzumab are also changing the way we administer other chemotherapy agents in patients who overexpress this oncogene. Traditional chemotherapy has also changed over the recent past and now includes an oral agent, capecitabine, for the treatment of metastatic breast cancer. Epirubicin, an anthracycline new to the United States, appears to have similar efficacy and toxicity to doxorubicin, with dosing issues being quite important. With all of these new agents within our grasp, there is hope for all patients with metastatic breast cancer.

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