scholarly journals Calvarial Tuberculosis: A Diagnostic Quandary: A Case Report

2019 ◽  
Vol 57 (217) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sushan Homagain ◽  
Suraj Shrestha ◽  
Sushil Sah ◽  
Gopal Sedain
Keyword(s):  
Slow Growth ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Healthy Person ◽  
The Body ◽  
Biopsy Material ◽  
Early Management ◽  
History Of ◽  
Anti Tubercular Therapy ◽  
The Right ◽  
Excised Tissue

Primary Calvarial Tuberculosis, a rare entity of skull is even rarer after second decade of life in a healthy person without evidence of tuberculosis elsewhere in the body. Most of the cases are often misdiagnosed as osteomyelitis/syphilis/bony metastasis. We report a case of primary skull tuberculosis in 26-year-old male with complains of headache and swelling in the right frontal region with no history of previous tuberculosis. The patient was operated and the histopathological examination of excised tissue was suggestive of tubercular pathology. The patient is doing well after anti-tubercular therapy. Being a rare disease, tubercular osteomyelitis of skull bones is often missed and misdiagnosed due to lack of clinical suspicion and slow growth of mycobacterium cultures. Histopathological examination of biopsy material and demonstration of acid-fast bacilli in the pus are helpful for diagnosis and early management of the disease.

‘Bone within bone appearance’ in a pathological fracture

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. e238567
Author(s):  
Sathish Muthu ◽  
Eswar Ramakrishnan ◽  
Girinivasan Chellamuthu
Keyword(s):  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Subtrochanteric Fracture ◽  
Fracture Site ◽  
The Body ◽  
Diagnostic Dilemma ◽  
History Of ◽  
Similar Appearance ◽  
The Right

A 60-year-old man presented to our hospital with complaints of pain and deformity on his right thigh for the past 2 days following a history of accidental slip and fall. Radiological investigations suggested a pathological type 2 Seinsheimer subtrochanteric fracture of the right femur with a ‘bone within bone’ appearance, which posed a diagnostic dilemma as this radiological appearance is seen in a spectrum of conditions. Radiographic skeletal survey failed to identify a similar appearance elsewhere in the body. Laboratory investigations pointed in favour of bone mineral disease, and histopathological examination of the bone narrowed it down to Paget’s disease. The fracture was fixed with a contralateral distal femur locking compression plate. The fracture site failed to show signs of union until 6 months postsurgery and hence the patient was advised for grafting procedure. The patient deferred surgery and remains without major complications until 18 months of follow-up.

Popliteal artery thrombosis secondary to a tibial osteochondroma

VASA ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 251-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gruber-Szydlo ◽  
Poreba ◽  
Belowska-Bien ◽  
Derkacz ◽  
Badowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Angiography ◽  
Popliteal Artery ◽  
Doppler Ultrasonography ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Plain Radiography ◽  
Artery Thrombosis ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Right

Popliteal artery thrombosis may present as a complication of an osteochondroma located in the vicinity of the knee joint. This is a case report of a 26-year-old man with symptoms of the right lower extremity ischaemia without a previous history of vascular disease or trauma. Plain radiography, magnetic resonance angiography and Doppler ultrasonography documented the presence of an osteochondrous structure of the proximal tibial metaphysis, which displaced and compressed the popliteal artery, causing its occlusion due to intraluminal thrombosis..The patient was operated and histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of osteochondroma.

Functional Ulnar Nerve Paraganglioma: First Documented Occurrence in the Extremity With Hitherto Undescribed Associated Extensive Glomus Cell Hyperplasia and Tumorlet Formation

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louis Tsun Cheung Chow ◽  
Michael Ho Ming Chan ◽  
Simon Kwok Chuen Wong
Keyword(s):  
Ulnar Nerve ◽  
Nerve Biopsy ◽  
Vascular Tumor ◽  
The Body ◽  
Glomus Cell ◽  
Cell Hyperplasia ◽  
Chief Cells ◽  
Sustentacular Cells ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Right

Extra-adrenal paraganglioma has never been described in the extremities. A 34-year-old woman complained of an enlarging mass in the right forearm for 18 months. Imaging showed a circumscribed vascular tumor attached to the ulnar nerve; biopsy revealed features of paraganglioma. The resected tumor consisted of zellballen pattern of chief cells staining positively for chromogranin with surrounding S100-positive sustentacular cells. The chief cells contained many neurosecretory granules and mitochondria, whereas the sustentacular cells contained a large amount of rough endoplasmic reticulum and some microfilaments. There was adjacent extensive glomus cell hyperplasia and tumorlet formation. The intraoperative blood pressure dropped abruptly on tumor removal. The serum normetanephrine level decreased from a preoperative level of 1987 pg/mL (normal < 149 pg/mL) to normal after operation. The patient admitted on questioning to a history of paroxysmal attacks of transient palpitation, hand tremors, and sweating; imaging showed no evidence of tumor in other parts of the body, and there was no family history of similar tumor; she remained well 33 months after the operation. This occurrence of functional ulnar nerve paraganglioma with the hitherto undescribed associated glomus cell hyperplasia and tumorlet formation attests to the probable existence of normal sympathetic paraganglia in the extremity and their intimate functional relationship with glomus bodies.

scholarly journals Pulmonary Tuberculosis mimicking a right Eventration on Radiography: The falsity of single view radiograph in the diagnosis of a precursor of pulmonary disease: A Case Report

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-37
Author(s):  
John Ogunkoya ◽  
Oluwatosin Yetunde Adesuyi
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Lower Lobe ◽  
Middle Lobe ◽  
The Body ◽  
Single View ◽  
Lymph Node Enlargement ◽  
History Of ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
The Right ◽  
High Index Of Suspicion

Background: The diaphragm is one of the most important muscles of respiration in the body separating the abdomen from the thorax. Abnormalities of the diaphragm could be congenital or acquired, morphological or functional while pulmonary infection e.g. pulmonary tuberculosis, is implicated in its etiology. Case presentation: A 63-year- old man with six weeks history of cough productive of yellowish sputum. Chest X-ray showed a uniform well-circumscribed opacity in the right lower lobe abutting on or in continuum with the right diaphragm consistent with a diaphragmatic hump. Sputum Gene Xpert was positive for Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Chest CT scan revealed bilateral lymph node enlargement with hyperdense lesions in the anterior basal segment of the right lower lobe and medial bronchopulmonary segments of the right middle lobe. He was treated for 6 months with first-line anti-tuberculosis drugs. Discussion: The incidence of the diaphragmatic hump on chest radiograph worldwide and among Nigerians is unknown. The association of diaphragmatic hump with chest infection has been well document. The association of diaphragmatic hump with pulmonary tuberculosis is uncommon. Conclusion: A high index of suspicion is needed to diagnose pulmonary tuberculosis with atypical clinical and radiological presentations. Such prompt diagnosis will aid the treatment of the disease.

scholarly journals Cardiac tamponade secondary to hemorrhagic pericardial effiision in five dogs

2017 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
C. G. HATZIGIANNAKIS (Χ.Γ. ΧΑΤΖΗΓΙΑΝΝΑΚΗΣ) ◽  
M. E. MYLONAKIS (Μ. Ε. ΜΥΛΩΝΑΚΗΣ) ◽  
M. N. SARIDOMICHELAKIS (Μ.Ν. ΣΑΡΙΔΟΜΙΧΕΛΑΚΗΣ) ◽  
M. PATSIKAS (Μ. ΠΑΤΣΙΚΑΣ) ◽  
D. PSALLA (Δ. ΨΑΛΛΑ) ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ultrasound Examination ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
Pericardial Fluid ◽  
Exercise Intolerance ◽  
Right Atrial ◽  
Atrial Wall ◽  
History Of ◽  
Cardiac Silhouette ◽  
The Right

A 7-year old female collie (case 1), a 3-year old male Caucasian-cross (case 2) and three male German shepherds with an age of 11 (case 3), 8.5 (case 4) and 10 (case 5) years, respectively, were admitted with a history of decreased appetite, depression, exercise intolerance, dyspnea and progressive abdominal enlargement, for the last 10 to 60 days. Poor body condition (5/5), muffled heart sounds (5/5), weak femoral pulse (5/5), ascites (5/5), inspiratory or inspiratory-expiratory dyspnea (5/5), pulsus paradoxus (2/5) and jugular vein distension (2/5) were the prominent clinical findings, while mature neutrophilic leukocytosis (3/5), lymphopenia (3/5), eosinopenia (3/5), hypoproteinemia (5/5) and increased urea nitrogen (3/5) were the most prevalent clinicopathologic abnormalities. Apart from a space-occupying lesion onto the right atrial wall of one dog (case 4), radiographic and ultrasound examination showed a globe-shaped cardiac silhouette (5/5), pericardial effusion (5/5), ascites (5/5) and pleural effusion (4/5). A large amount of non-clotting hemorrhagic effusion was drained during pericardiocentesis, resulting in rapid clinical recovery. Physical, chemical and cytological evaluation of the pericardial fluid was non-contributory in the differentiation between neoplastic and non-neoplastic causes of these effusions. Case 3 died 25 days post-pericardiocentesis; right atrium hemangiosarcoma and pulmonary metastases were documented on post mortem histopathological examination. Another dog (case 5) died of unknown causes one month after pericardiocentensis. On the contrary, dogs 1, 2 and 4 were still clinically healthy for a followup period of 16, 2 and 8 months, respectively.

scholarly journals Thyroid haemangiosarcoma in a seven-year-old female Shih Tzu

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. e001012
Author(s):  
Luis Pedro Rocha Moreira ◽  
Emma Scurrell ◽  
Paul Mahoney ◽  
Stephen Baines
Keyword(s):  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Abdominal Ultrasound ◽  
Neck Mass ◽  
Clinical Staging ◽  
Ultrasound Guided ◽  
Fine Needle ◽  
Fine Needle Aspirates ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Right ◽  
Mixed Tumours

Canine thyroid tumours are uncommon and the majority of tumours are carcinomas or adenomas, with only very few mixed tumours or metastases from distant sites described to date. A primary thyroid haemangiosarcoma has never been reported in veterinary medicine. In this case report, we describe a dog with a history of a large, non-painful, mobile ventral neck mass in the right paralaryngeal region. CT and ultrasound-guided fine needle aspirates were used for clinical staging. The mass was surgically excised and histopathological examination indicated a haemangiosarcoma. Abdominal ultrasound revealed the presence of splenic nodules and splenectomy indicated the presence of haemangiosarcoma. Chemotherapy with doxorubicin was started, but the dog was euthanased after three rounds of therapy, 97 days after the mass was discovered.

scholarly journals An Unusual Cause of Cranial Dural Thickening

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Jing Ming Yeo ◽  
Donald MacArthur ◽  
Jillian Davis ◽  
Ian Scott ◽  
Bruno Gran
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Cell ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Frontal Region ◽  
Vasogenic Oedema ◽  
Bone Marrow Trephine Biopsy ◽  
Igg4 Related Disease ◽  
History Of ◽  
Daily Headache ◽  
Plasma Cell Disorder ◽  
The Right

We describe an unusual cause of cranial dural thickening in an elderly female with a chronic meningeal inflammatory process. A 70-year-old ethnically Chinese, Singaporean female presented with a history of chronic daily headache with no other meningeal signs. Serial MRI brains showed progressive pachymeningeal and leptomeningeal enhancement in the left frontal region with underlying vasogenic oedema, similar appearances in the right frontal region to a lesser extent, and persistent inflammatory changes in her bilateral paranasal sinuses. Investigative work-up showed a chronically raised ESR with a normal CRP, negative ANCA, and a chronically raised serum IgA kappa paraprotein. Bone marrow trephine biopsy was suggestive of a low level plasma cell disorder. Olfactory cleft biopsy showed no evidence of IgG4-related disease or vasculitis and no significant plasma cell infiltrate. Histopathological examination from a meningeal biopsy revealed a diagnosis of an en-plaque meningioma (the WHO, 2016; Grade I) causing an unusual granulomatous reaction. We discuss the radiological and histological relations of this rare form of meningioma. Clinicians can consider en-plaque meningioma in the differential diagnosis of linear dural thickening and enhancement.

Ocular non-teratoid medulloepithelioma with teratoid metastases in ipsilateral intraparotid lymph nodes

2019 ◽  
pp. 112067211987007
Author(s):  
Jayati Sarangi ◽  
Aanchal Kakkar ◽  
Diya Roy ◽  
Rishikesh Thakur ◽  
Chirom Amit Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Rare Presentation ◽  
Cervical Lymph Nodes ◽  
Extranodal Extension ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Parotid Neoplasm ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Right

Purpose: To describe a rare presentation of a case of intraocular non-teratoid medulloepithelioma with teratoid metastases in ipsilateral intraparotid lymph nodes. Case description: A 9-year-old male child with previous history of ciliary body non-teratoid medulloepithelioma presented with a swelling in the right pre-auricular region for 1 month. Magnetic resonance imaging and positron emission tomography–computed tomography showed a right intraparotid mass with enlarged ipsilateral cervical lymph nodes. A core biopsy was taken from the lesion, which on microscopy showed a tumor composed of small round cells arranged in cords, tubules lined by multilayered cells, and in cribriform pattern. These cells were embedded in a hypocellular, loose myxoid matrix. Based on the histopathological characteristics and previous history, a diagnosis of medulloepithelioma metastastic to ipsilateral parotid gland was made. The patient underwent right total conservative parotidectomy and bilateral neck dissection. Histopathological examination revealed metastatic medulloepithelioma in five out of eight intraparotid lymph nodes, with extranodal extension into the adjacent parotid parenchyma. Foci of hyaline cartilage were identified within the tumor, leading to a diagnosis of metastatic teratoid medulloepithelioma. Conclusion: Intraparotid lymph node metastases from intraocular medulloepithelioma is a rare possibility and we recommend that the parotid should be evaluated in cases of intraocular medulloepithelioma at initial presentation as well as during the follow-up period. Also, metastasis should be considered in all pediatric patients with solitary mass lesions showing unconventional histology for a primary parotid neoplasm.

scholarly journals Intracranial subdural osteoma

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 205873922092685
Author(s):  
Yunna Yang ◽  
Zheng Gu ◽  
Yinglun Song
Keyword(s):  
Dura Mater ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Surgical Excision ◽  
Benign Neoplasms ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Inner Surface ◽  
History Of ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
T1 Hyperintensity ◽  
The Right

Subdural osteomas are extremely rare benign neoplasms. Here, we report the case of a 35-year-old female patient with a right frontal and parietal subdural osteoma. The patient presented with a 2-year history of intermittent headache and fatigue. Computerized tomography (CT) scan showed a high-density lesion attached to the inner surface of the right frontal and parietal skull. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) demonstrated T1 hyperintensity and T2 hypointensity of the lesion. Intraoperatively, the hard mass was located in subdural space and attached to the dura mater. Histopathological examination revealed lamellated bony trabeculae lined by osteoblasts and the intertrabecular marrow spaces occupied by adipose tissue. The patient underwent neurosurgical resection and recovered without complication. Surgical excision is recommended to extract the symptomatic lesions with overlying dura mater.

Surgical treatment of a cerebral brain abscess in a cat

2011 ◽  
Vol 24 (01) ◽  
pp. 72-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Beukers ◽  
L. F. H. Theyse ◽  
E. G. H. Wouters
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Ataxic Gait ◽  
Pupillary Light ◽  
Small Defect ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Right ◽  
Extensive Necrosis ◽  
Temporal Lobe Lesion

SummaryA nine-year-old male castrated European Shorthair cat was presented with a six-day history of progressive depression and ataxic gait. Neurological examination revealed depression, absent menace in the left eye, absent pupillary light reflex in the right eye, anisocoria, circling to the right, and delayed proprioception in all limbs. Magnetic resonance imaging showed a space-occupying right temporal lobe lesion adjacent to a small defect in the temporal bone suggestive of a meningo-encephalitis with concurrent abscess formation. The site was surgically approached by a rostrotentorial craniectomy. A cerebral abscess was found and debrided. Histopathological examination of the removed tissue demonstrated a subacute to chronic purulent encephalitis with extensive necrosis of brain tissue. Neurological symptoms resolved completely within two weeks and full recovery was observed four weeks after surgery.

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