scholarly journals Clinical Profile and Endoscopic Findings in Patients with Upper Gastrointestinal Bleed Attending a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (226) ◽  
Author(s):  
Subash Bhattarai
Keyword(s):  
Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Medical Emergency ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Gastrointestinal Bleed ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal Bleed ◽  
Rockall Score ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal

Introduction: Upper gastrointestinal bleeding is a common acute medical emergency. Endoscopyis the gold standard diagnostic and therapeutic tool in the management of upper gastrointestinalbleed. This study was undertaken to address the clinical profile, endoscopic profile, and outcomes inpatients with upper gastrointestinal bleed. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in a tertiary care teaching hospital inGandaki Province, Nepal from January 2018 to December 2019 after obtaining ethical clearancefrom Institutional Review Committee (MEMG/IRC/291/GA) and informed consent fromthe patient or patient relatives. The sample size was calculated. Six hundred and sixty patientswith upper gastrointestinal bleed were included in the study. Data entry was done in StatisticalPackages for the Social Sciences version 20. Results: Peptic ulcers and ruptured oesophageal varices are the common aetiologies of uppergastrointestinal bleed. Inpatient mortality was seen in 98 (14.8 %) patients. Upper gastrointestinalbleed of variceal etiology presents with a higher Rockall score and has more chances of rebleedingand has higher mortality than those with non-variceal aetiologies. Bad prognostic factors wererebleeding, variceal etiology, and comorbidities including cirrhotic and Rockall score > 6. Conclusions: Upper gastrointestinal bleeding is a common acute medical emergency. Early uppergastrointestinal endoscopy preferably within 24 hours is recommended for diagnosis, timelyintervention, and management of the patients with an upper gastrointestinal bleed that helps inreducing morbidity and mortality.    

scholarly journals A Study of Clinical and Endoscopic Profile of Acute Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
KR Dewan ◽  
BS Patowary ◽  
S Bhattarai
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Bleeding ◽  
Scoring System ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding ◽  
Medical Emergency ◽  
Ulcer Disease ◽  
Gastrointestinal Bleed ◽  
Acute Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal Bleed ◽  
Rockall Score ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal

Backgroud Acute Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding is a common medical emergency with a hospital mortality of approximately 10 percent. Higher mortality rate is associated with rebleeding. Rockall scoring system identifies patients at higher risk of rebleed and mortality.Objective To study the clinical and endoscopic profile of acute upper gastrointestinal bleed to know the etiology, clinical presentation, severity of bleeding and outcome.Method This is a prospective, descriptive hospital based study conducted in Gastroenterology unit of College of Medical Sciences and Teaching Hospital, Bharatpur, Nepal from January 2012 to January 2013. It included 120 patients at random presenting with manifestations of upper gastrointestinal bleed. Their clinical and endoscopic profiles were studied. Rockall scoring system was used to assess their prognosis.Result Males were predominant (75%). Age ranged from 14 to 88 years, mean being 48.76+17.19. At presentation 86 patients (71.7%) had both hematemesis and malena, 24 patients (20%) had only malena and 10 patients (8.3%) had only hematemesis. Shock was detected in 21.7%, severe anemia and high blood urea were found in 34.2% and 38.3% respectively. Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding endoscopy revealed esophageal varices (47.5%), peptic ulcer disease (33.3%), erosive mucosal disease (11.6%), Mallory Weiss tear (4.1%) and malignancy (3.3%). Median hospital stay was 7.28+3.18 days. Comorbidities were present in 43.3%. Eighty six patients (71.7%) had Rockall score < 5 and 34 (28.3%) had >6. Five patients (4.2%) expired. Risk factors for death being massive rebleeeding, comorbidities and Rockall score >6.Conclusion Acute Upper Gastrointestinal bleeding is a medical emergency. Mortality is associated with massive bleeding, comorbidities and Rockall score >6. Urgent, appropriate hospital management definitely helps to reduce morbidity and mortality.Kathmandu University Medical Journal Vol.12(1) 2014: 21-25

scholarly journals Success Rate of Endoscopic Sphenopalatine Artery Ligation for the Management of Refractory Posterior Epistaxis Patients in a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (232) ◽  
Author(s):  
Meenakshi Basnet ◽  
Bibek Ghimire ◽  
Akriti Shrestha ◽  
Gyan Raj Aryal
Keyword(s):  
Success Rate ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Medical Emergency ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Artery Ligation ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sphenopalatine Artery

Introduction: Epistaxis is a common medical emergency with 5% to 15% of patients admitted for epistaxis will require surgical management as nasal packing has high failure rates. A modern endoscopic technique like Endoscopic Sphenopalatine Artery Ligation has increased in popularity for managing intractable posterior epistaxis. It has less complication and a high success rate. The study conducted to estimate the success rate of Endoscopic Sphenopalatine Artery Ligation of refractory posterior epistaxis among admitted patients in a tertiary care hospital. Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted from June 2019 to June 2020 at the Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Nobel Medical College and Teaching Hospital among the patient with refractory posterior epistaxis with the help of retrospective data. A convenient sampling method was used. These patients underwent endoscopic sphenopalatine artery cauterization for recurrent/intractable posterior epistaxis. Ethical clearance was taken from the Institutional Review Board. Data were analyzed in Statistical Package for the Social Sciences. Results: Out of the total patient with refractory posterior epistaxis who underwent Endoscopic Sphenopalatine Artery Ligation, the overall success rate was 39 (95.12%). Among them, 25 (60.97%) males and 16 (39.02%) females underwent endoscopic sphenopalatine artery ligation. Twenty (48.78%) of them were unilateral whilst 21 (51.21%) were bilateral disease. About 2 (4.8%) cases had re-bleeding within 48 hours which was managed conservatively. Hypertension was found to be the most common comorbid condition followed by diabetes, chronic kidney. Conclusions: From our study, we conclude that the success rate for Endoscopic Sphenopalatine Artery Ligation in a patient with refractory posterior epistaxis was high.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Gastric Cancers among Patients Undergoing Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopies in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Nepal: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 59 (233) ◽  
Author(s):  
Subash Bhattarai ◽  
Merina Gyawali ◽  
Sudeep Regmi
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Gastric Carcinoma ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Male Predominance ◽  
Gastric Cancers ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal

Introduction: Gastric cancer is a common malignancy of the upper gastrointestinal tract. Gastric cancer is a common cause of death worldwide. This research aimed to study the prevalence of gastric cancer among patients undergoing upper gastrointestinal endoscopies. Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Medicine at Manipal Teaching Hospital, Nepal, from January 2018 to June 2020. A total of 2640 subjects underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopies over the study period. Ethical approval was taken from the institutional review committee of Manipal College of Medical Sciences (MEMG/ IRC/ 383/GA). Data were analyzed by SPSS version 20. Results: The prevalence of gastric cancer among patients undergoing UGI endoscopies was 2.4%. The mean age of subjects was 58 ± 12.35 years (range of 31 to 96 years) with male predominance (M:F=1.9:1). Antrum was the most common site for gastric carcinoma. The most common morphology was ulcerative growth (61.6%). Adenocarcinoma (98.4%) was the most common histology, and the majority was of intestinal subtype (56.3%). Conclusions: Gastric cancer is not an uncommon finding in patients undergoing UGI endoscopies. Gastric cancers were commonly seen above 50 years of age and predominant in males. Patients with gastric carcinoma usually present late with advanced disease stages and unfavorable histopathology.

scholarly journals Clinical and Endoscopic Profile of Upper Gastrointestinal Bleed: A Cross-sectional Study from a Tertiary Care Hospital in Southern India

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manju Surendran ◽  
K Sunil Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Portal Hypertension ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Southern India ◽  
Oesophageal Varices ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal

Introduction: Acute Upper Gastrointestinal (UGI) bleed is a common potentially life threatening emergency. The aetiological profile of bleed and prognosis varies according to geographical region and availability of endoscopic facilities. Aim: To determine the clinical and endoscopic profile of UGI bleed, risk factors and prognosis in the patients. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted over a period of 12 months at a tertiary care centre in Southern India. Patients admitted with history of hematemesis and melena, satisfying the inclusion criteria was taken consecutively. Clinical and endoscopic profile were noted and followed-up for six weeks. Statistical analysis was performed using chi-square test for qualitative variables and independent t-test for quantitative variables. Significance level was fixed as p-value of <0.05. Results: A total of 138 patients were studied in this period. The male to female ratio in the study was 3.5:1. The mean age was 53.5±13.17 years. The most common clinical presentation was hematemesis in 57 patients (41.3%) followed by haematemesis and melena in 46 patients (33.3%). The most common cause on endoscopy was portal hypertension-related oesophageal and gastric varices (51.4%) followed by antral gastritis (15.2%). The cause of UGI bleeding could not be identified in 5.1% in which the endoscopy was normal. Haemogram, platelet count and serum albumin were significantly lower in variceal bleed group, compared to non-variceal group. Eleven patients succumbed to death secondary to UGI bleed. Conclusion: The most common causes of UGI bleed are portal hypertension related gastric and oesophageal varices. The in-hospital mortality in the study was 7.9%.

Confidence toward vaccination as reported by parents of children admitted to a tertiary care hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: A cross sectional study

Vacunas ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y.M. AlGoraini ◽  
N.N. AlDujayn ◽  
M.A. AlRasheed ◽  
Y.E. Bashawri ◽  
S.S. Alsubaie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional
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