Effect of Flow Rate and Glucose Concentration on Glucose Uptake Rate by the Rat Limb

1977 ◽  
Vol 154 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Grubb ◽  
J. F. Snarr
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Uptake ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Uptake Rate ◽  
Glucose Concentration ◽  
Glucose Uptake Rate

scholarly journals AMPK Phosphorylation Is Controlled by Glucose Transport Rate in a PKA-Independent Manner

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (17) ◽  
pp. 9483
Author(s):  
Riccardo Milanesi ◽  
Farida Tripodi ◽  
Jacopo Vertemara ◽  
Renata Tisi ◽  
Paola Coccetti
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Uptake ◽  
Uptake Rate ◽  
Glucose Concentration ◽  
Inverse Correlation ◽  
Glycolytic Flux ◽  
Glucose Uptake Rate ◽  
Independent Manner ◽  
Phosphorylation State ◽  
Ampk Phosphorylation ◽  
Fructose 1,6 Bisphosphate

To achieve growth, microbial organisms must cope with stresses and adapt to the environment, exploiting the available nutrients with the highest efficiency. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Ras/PKA and Snf1/AMPK pathways regulate cellular metabolism according to the supply of glucose, alternatively supporting fermentation or mitochondrial respiration. Many reports have highlighted crosstalk between these two pathways, even without providing a comprehensive mechanism of regulation. Here, we show that glucose-dependent inactivation of Snf1/AMPK is independent from the Ras/PKA pathway. Decoupling glucose uptake rate from glucose concentration, we highlight a strong coordination between glycolytic metabolism and Snf1/AMPK, with an inverse correlation between Snf1/AMPK phosphorylation state and glucose uptake rate, regardless of glucose concentration in the medium. Despite fructose-1,6-bisphosphate (F1,6BP) being proposed as a glycolytic flux sensor, we demonstrate that glucose-6-phosphate (G6P), and not F1,6BP, is involved in the control of Snf1/AMPK phosphorylation state. Altogether, this study supports a model by which Snf1/AMPK senses glucose flux independently from PKA activity, and thanks to conversion of glucose into G6P.

scholarly journals Antihyperglycemic and Antilipidemic Effects of the Ethanol Extract Mixture of Ligularia fischeri and Momordica charantia in Type II Diabetes-Mimicking Mice

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Hyun Jin Baek ◽  
Yong Joon Jeong ◽  
Jeong Eun Kwon ◽  
Jong Sung Ra ◽  
Sung Ryul Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Uptake ◽  
Uptake Rate ◽  
Glucose Transporter ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Momordica Charantia ◽  
C2c12 Cells ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator ◽  
Glucose Uptake Rate ◽  
Ligularia Fischeri

The extract of the Momordica charantia fruit (MCE) is recognized as an alternative treatment for diabetes. The extract of Ligularia fischeri leaves (LFE) is traditionally used as a folk medicine for treating inflammatory diseases in Korea as well. In this study, we investigated the synergistic effect of MCE combined with LFE on antihyperglycemic and antihyperlipidemic potentials. Based on the α-glucosidase inhibitory effect and promotion of adipocyte differentiation in the 3T3-L1 cell line, the MLM was prepared with MCE:LFE (8:2 weight:weight). MLM showed the synergistic effects in the promotion of the glucose uptake rate, suppression of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) mRNA expression, upregulation of an insulin receptor substrate and glucose transporter type-4 expression, and an increase in insulin-associated signaling in C2C12 cells. In addition, the efficacy of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ agonism and glucose uptake rate by MLM supplementation was significantly enhanced in vitro. Then, the antihyperglycemic and antihyperlipidemic effects of MCE, LFE, and MLM at the dose of 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg/day (n = 6 per each group) were determined in streptozotocin (STZ)-insulted mice fed an atherogenic diet (ATH) for 4 weeks. In addition, MLM (50, 100, and 200 mg/kg/day, n = 5 per each group) was supplemented in ATH-fed db/db mice for 10 weeks. Compared with MCE or LFE alone, MLM supplementation led to a more significant reduction of glucose levels in both STZ/ATH and db/db/ATH mice as well as lowered lipid profiles in STZ/ATH mice. In addition, the stimulation of islet of Langerhans regeneration was more pronounced by MLM supplementation in both mice models. In conclusion, antihyperglycemic and antihyperlipidemic effects were strengthened by the combined extracts of L. fischeri and M. charantia (MLM) in diabetes-mimicking mice.

Glucose uptake rate as a tool to estimate hybridoma growth in a packed bed bioreactor

1999 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 0543 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. T. A. Rodrigues ◽  
P. R. Vilaça ◽  
A. Garbuio ◽  
M. Takagi ◽  
S. Barbosa Jr. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Uptake ◽  
Uptake Rate ◽  
Packed Bed ◽  
Glucose Uptake Rate ◽  
Packed Bed Bioreactor ◽  
Hybridoma Growth

Glycogen Metabolism and Glucose Uptake Rate of the Skeletal Muscle after Hind - limb Immobilization in Rats

1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 641
Author(s):  
Joo Chul Ihn ◽  
Jong chul Ahn ◽  
Myun Whan Ahn ◽  
Chun Bae Jeon ◽  
Suck Kang Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Glucose Uptake ◽  
Uptake Rate ◽  
Hind Limb ◽  
Glycogen Metabolism ◽  
Glucose Uptake Rate ◽  
Limb Immobilization

Seven days of bed rest decrease insulin action on glucose uptake in leg and whole body

1991 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
pp. 1245-1254 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. J. Mikines ◽  
E. A. Richter ◽  
F. Dela ◽  
H. Galbo
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Uptake ◽  
Uptake Rate ◽  
Insulin Action ◽  
Insulin Dose ◽  
Bed Rest ◽  
Glycogen Storage ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Glucose Uptake Rate ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Normal Humans

Impaired glucose tolerance develops in normal humans after short-term bed rest. To elucidate the mechanism, insulin action on whole body glucose uptake rate (WBGUR) and leg glucose uptake rate (LGUR) was measured by sequential euglycemic clamp technique combined with femoral arterial and venous cannulation at insulin concentrations of 10 +/- 1, 18 +/- 1, 37 +/- 2, and 360 +/- 15 microU/ml. Studies were performed before (C) and after (BR) 7 days of strict bed rest. WBGUR was significantly lower after bed rest than before (5.5 +/- 0.4 and 7.2 +/- 0.8 mg.min-1.kg-1, respectively) when insulin was 37 microU/ml. LGUR was even more markedly depressed by bed rest, being 0.6 +/- 0.1, 0.9 +/- 0.2, and 2.8 +/- 0.4 mg.min-1.kg leg-1 (BR) compared with 0.9 +/- 0.1, 1.7 +/- 0.4, and 5.9 +/- 0.5 mg.min-1.kg leg-1 (C) (P less than 0.05) at the three lower insulin concentrations. At these insulin concentrations also, lactate release and glucose oxidation and glycogen storage estimated by indirect calorimetry were lower in the leg after bed rest. At the highest insulin dose WBGUR was similar on BR and C days, while LGUR was lower after bed rest. In conclusion, 7 days of bed rest decrease whole body insulin action, a fact that is explained by decreased insulin action in inactive muscle.

Specific Behavior-Bound Brain Cartography of the Glucose Uptake Rate

1981 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 180-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Nicolaidis ◽  
M. Le Poncin-Lafitte ◽  
J. Danguir ◽  
C. Grosdemouge ◽  
J.R. Rapin
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Uptake ◽  
Uptake Rate ◽  
Glucose Uptake Rate ◽  
Specific Behavior

scholarly journals Improvement of Glucose Uptake Rate and Production of Target Chemicals by Overexpressing Hexose Transporters and Transcriptional Activator Gcr1 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

2015 ◽  
Vol 81 (24) ◽  
pp. 8392-8401 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daehee Kim ◽  
Ji-Yoon Song ◽  
Ji-Sook Hahn
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Glucose Uptake ◽  
Uptake Rate ◽  
Acid Production ◽  
Lactic Acid Production ◽  
Glucose Uptake Rate ◽  
Promoting Effect ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Hexose Transporters

ABSTRACTMetabolic engineering to increase the glucose uptake rate might be beneficial to improve microbial production of various fuels and chemicals. In this study, we enhanced the glucose uptake rate inSaccharomyces cerevisiaeby overexpressing hexose transporters (HXTs). Among the 5 tested HXTs (Hxt1, Hxt2, Hxt3, Hxt4, and Hxt7), overexpression of high-affinity transporter Hxt7 was the most effective in increasing the glucose uptake rate, followed by moderate-affinity transporters Hxt2 and Hxt4. Deletion ofSTD1andMTH1, encoding corepressors ofHXTgenes, exerted differential effects on the glucose uptake rate, depending on the culture conditions. In addition, improved cell growth and glucose uptake rates could be achieved by overexpression ofGCR1, which led to increased transcription levels ofHXT1and ribosomal protein genes. All genetic modifications enhancing the glucose uptake rate also increased the ethanol production rate in wild-typeS. cerevisiae. Furthermore, the growth-promoting effect ofGCR1overexpression was successfully applied to lactic acid production in an engineered lactic acid-producing strain, resulting in a significant improvement of productivity and titers of lactic acid production under acidic fermentation conditions.

scholarly journals Impaired Glucose Transporter Activity in Pressure-Overload Hypertrophy Is an Early Indicator of Progression to Failure

Circulation ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 100 (suppl_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingeborg Friehs ◽  
Adrian M. Moran ◽  
Christof Stamm ◽  
Steven D. Colan ◽  
Koh Takeuchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Uptake ◽  
Uptake Rate ◽  
Glucose Transporter ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Ventricular Dilatation ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Glucose Uptake Rate ◽  
Transporter Protein ◽  
Increase Glucose Uptake ◽  
Wet Weight

Background —Severe hypertrophy and heart failure are important risk factors in cardiac surgery. Early adaptive changes in hypertrophy include increased ventricular mass-to-cavity volume ratio (M/V ratio) and increased dependence on glucose for energy metabolism. However, glucose uptake is decreased in the late stages of hypertrophy when ventricular dilatation and failure are present. We hypothesized that impaired glucose uptake would be evident early in the progression of hypertrophy and associated with the onset of ventricular dilatation. Methods and Results —Ten-day-old rabbits underwent banding of the descending aorta. Development of hypertrophy was followed by transthoracic echocardiography to measure left ventricular M/V ratio. Glucose uptake rate, as determined by 31 P-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy measuring 2-deoxyglucose conversion to 2-deoxyglucose-6-phosphate, was measured in isolated perfused hearts obtained from banded rabbits when M/V ratio had increased by 15% from baseline (compensated hypertrophy) and by 30% from baseline (early-decompensated hypertrophy). In age-matched control animals, the rate of glucose uptake was 0.61±0.08 μmol · g of wet weight −1 · 30 min −1 (mean±SEM). With a 15% M/V ratio increase, glucose uptake rate remained at control levels (0.6±0.05 μmol · g of wet weight −1 · 30 min −1 ), compared with hearts with 30% increased M/V ratios, where glucose uptake was significantly lower (0.42±0.05 μmol · g of wet weight −1 · 30 min −1 ; P ≤0.05). Glucose transporter protein expression was the same in all groups. Conclusions —Glucose uptake rate is maintained during compensated hypertrophy. However, coinciding with severe hypertrophy, preceding ventricular dilatation, and glucose transporter protein downregulation, glucose uptake is significantly decreased. Because of the increased dependence of the hypertrophied hearts on glucose use, we speculate that this impairment may be a contributing factor in the progression to failure.

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