A preliminary PCR based genotyping of Vechur and Holstein cattle breeds for A1 and A2 beta-casein types

doi:10.31830/2454-1761.2021.026

REALIZATION OF PARENTAL INDICES OF COW PRODUCTIVITY IN DIFFERENT MILKING BREEDS AT BREEDING FARM "AGROFIRMA "PAKHMA"

АГРАРНЫЙ ВЕСТНИК ВЕРХНЕВОЛЖЬЯ ◽

10.35523/2307-5872-2020-30-1-97-102 ◽

2020 ◽

Keyword(s):

Milk Yield ◽

Cattle Breed ◽

Holstein Cattle ◽

Milk Productivity ◽

Cattle Breeds ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Production Indices ◽

High Level ◽

Beta Lactoglobulin ◽

Percentage Protein

Combination of genotypes of main types’ genetic markers causes milk productivity in cattle. The article studies correlation between kappa casein genotypes (C3N3), beta-lactoglobulin (LGB), their complexes and milk production indices in cows bred under equal conditions at a breeding farm. The calculation of parental milk yield and fat indices between the three breeds showed a significant difference (P>0,999) of PCI of Ayrshire and Holstein cattle breed milk yield - 3395 kg, PCI of fat - 0,22%; between Holstein and Yaroslavl cattle breeds - 3200 kg, PCI offat - 0,16%. A significant difference of realization indices of protein between all three breeds was not stated. The highest realization ofparental milk yield index was stated - between Ayrshire and Yaroslavl cattle breeds- 113%, Holstein cattle breed - 88%. As for the fat and protein indices, all three cattle breeds showed a high realization of PCI from 98% to 109%. However, Holstein cattle breed showed the highest percentage: protein - 101%, fat - 109%. A significant difference of PCI realization of milk productivity in CSN3 and LGB genotypes was not stated. It was also stated that there is a tendency of high level parental indices realization when there is a higher number of B-allele variants in genotypes of cows.

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Detection of A1 and A2 Alleles at Beta-casein Locus in Bargur and Umblachery (Indian Zebu) Cattle Breeds by Allele-specific PCR

Indian Journal of Animal Research ◽

10.18805/ijar.b-4273 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

A. Raja ◽

R. Rajendran ◽

P. Ganapathi

Keyword(s):

Information Content ◽

Polymorphism Information Content ◽

Zebu Cattle ◽

Effective Number ◽

Cattle Breeds ◽

Specific Pcr ◽

Genotype Frequencies ◽

Beta Casein ◽

Allele Specific ◽

Allele Specific Pcr

Background: Many genetic variants of beta-casein in different breeds of cattle have been reported. The A1 and A2 are the most common variants. The breeds of Zebu cattle have high frequency of A2 allele or monomorphic for A2 allele. The current study aimed to screen Indian Zebu cattle breeds, Bargur and Umblachery, for A1 and A2 alleles at beta-casein locus.Methods: A total of 48 Bargur and 42 Umblachery cattle were genotyped for β-casein (CSN2) gene using allele-specific PCR. The gene and genotype frequencies were estimated. The theoretical heterozygosity (Heexp), experimental heterozygosity (Heobs), polymorphism information content (PIC), expected homozygosity (E), effective number of alleles (ENA) and level of possible variability realization (V%) were calculated.Result: The investigation revealed the presence of both A1 and A2 alleles at beta-casein locus in both Bargur and Umblachery cattle breeds. The A1A1 genotype was not observed in both the breeds. The frequencies of A1A2 and A2A2 genotypes were 0.125 and 0.875 respectively in Bargur and 0.050 and 0.950 respectively in Umblachery breed. The study indicated the predominance of A2 variant in both the breeds. The frequencies of A1 and A2 alleles were 0.063 and 0.937 respectively in Bargur and 0.02 and 0.98 respectively in Umblachery breed. The values of experimental heterozygosity (Heobs), theoretical heterozygosity (Heexp), polymorphism information content (PIC), expected homozygosity (E), effective number of alleles (ENA), level of possible variability realization (V%) were 0.125, 0.1163, 0.1095,0.8837, 1.131 and 11.88 respectively in Bargur breed. These values were 0.048, 0.0468, 0.0458, 0.9532, 1.049 and 4.79 respectively in Umblachery population. The observed heterozygosity and PIC values revealed the existence of very low genetic variability in the tested populations. The present work will be a contribution to the study on beta-casein locus in Indian zebu cattle.

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Genetic polymorphism of milk protein loci in Argentinian Holstein cattle

Genetics and Molecular Biology ◽

10.1590/s1415-47572000000400019 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 23 (4) ◽

pp. 819-823 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Adriana Gloria Bonvillani ◽

Miguel Angel Di Renzo ◽

Iván Nicolás Tiranti

Keyword(s):

Genetic Polymorphism ◽

Milk Protein ◽

Genotypic Diversity ◽

Genetic Distances ◽

Holstein Cattle ◽

Starch Gel Electrophoresis ◽

Beta Casein ◽

Hardy Weinberg Equilibrium ◽

Quality Of Milk ◽

Beta Lactoglobulin

Some alleles of milk protein loci are associated with superior cheese production characteristics. The genetic polymorphism of the milk protein loci alphas1-casein, beta-casein, k-casein and beta-lactoglobulin was examined in Argentinian Holstein cattle. Samples from 12 herds of four regions of Córdoba were analyzed by starch gel electrophoresis. The chi² test was used to assess whether the populations were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Genotypic diversity was analyzed by the Shannon-Weaver index. The observed genotypic frequencies were analyzed by Hedrick's genetic identity and the genetic distance of Balakrishnan and Sanghvi. The allelic and genotypic frequencies were similar to those of other Holstein populations. The genotypic frequencies of the alphas1-casein and beta-casein loci were in equilibrium, whereas in some populations the k-casein and beta-lactoglobulin loci were not. According to the Shannon-Weaver index the total genetic diversity within each herd was greater than 96%. The high values of identity agreed with the low genetic distances among populations. We conclude that there is extensive genetic homogeneity in Holstein cattle in Córdoba Province and that it would be feasible to select for B alleles at the k-casein and b-lactoglobulin loci in order to improve the quality of milk available for cheese manufacturing.

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Genetic variations of the bovine MX1 and their association with mastitis

Czech Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.17221/97/2015-cjas ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 62 (No. 4) ◽

pp. 157-167

Author(s):

N. Chen ◽

F. Wang ◽

N. Yu ◽

Y. Gao ◽

J. Huang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dairy Cattle ◽

Wide Spectrum ◽

Holstein Cows ◽

Holstein Cattle ◽

Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽

Coding Region ◽

Bacterial Strains ◽

Cattle Breeds ◽

Chinese Cattle ◽

Mx1 Gene

The primary agent of mastitis is a wide spectrum of bacterial strains; however, viral-related mastitis has also been reported. The MX dynamin-like GTPase 1 (MX1) gene has been demonstrated to confer positive antiviral responses to many viruses, and may be a suitable candidate gene for the study of disease resistance in dairy cattle. The present study was conducted to investigate the genetic diversity of the MX1 gene in Chinese cattle breeds and its effects on mastitis in Holstein cows. First, polymorphisms were identified in the complete coding region of the bovine MX1 gene in 14 Chinese cattle breeds. An association study was then carried out, utilizing polymorphisms detected in Holstein cows to determine the associations of these single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with mastitis. We identified 13 previously reported SNPs in Chinese domestic cattle and four of them in Holstein cattle. A novel 12 bp indel was also discovered in Holstein cattle. In addition, haplotype frequencies and linkage disequilibrium of four SNPs detected in Holstein cows were investigated. Analysis of these four SNPs in Chinese Holstein cows revealed two SNPs (g.143181370 T>C and g.143182088 C>T)<br /> significantly (P < 0.05) associated with somatic cell score (SCS). The results indicated that SNPs in the MX1 gene might contribute to the variations observed in the SCS of dairy cattle. Therefore, implementation of these two mutations in selection indexes of the dairy industry might be beneficial by favouring the selection individuals with lower SCS.

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Whole-Genome Analyses of Korean Native and Holstein Cattle Breeds by Massively Parallel Sequencing

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0101127 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 9 (7) ◽

pp. e101127 ◽

Cited By ~ 31

Author(s):

Jung-Woo Choi ◽

Xiaoping Liao ◽

Paul Stothard ◽

Won-Hyong Chung ◽

Heoyn-Jeong Jeon ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Massively Parallel Sequencing ◽

Massively Parallel ◽

Holstein Cattle ◽

Whole Genome ◽

Parallel Sequencing ◽

Cattle Breeds ◽

Genome Analyses

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Beta-casein A1/A2, kappa-casein and beta-lactoglobulin polymorphisms in Turkish cattle breeds

Archives Animal Breeding ◽

10.7482/0003-9438-56-065 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 56 (1) ◽

pp. 650-657 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

H. Dinc ◽

E. Ozkan ◽

E. Koban ◽

I. Togan

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Milk Protein ◽

Cheese Making ◽

Cattle Breeds ◽

Yield And Quality ◽

The World ◽

Milk Protein Genes ◽

Beta Casein ◽

Negative Effect ◽

Beta Lactoglobulin

Abstract. In this study, the genetic diversity of three milk protein genes namely beta-casein, kappacasein and beta-lactoglobulin was estimated in Turkish cattle breeds. Based on these genes, breeds in Turkey have been grouped as: 1) Eastern Anatolian Red, Anatolian Black and Southern Anatolian Red and 2) Turkish Grey, Turkish Holstein and Holstein Candidate Bulls. B alleles of the three studied genes, which were reported to be positively related with cheese yield and quality, seemed to be low-intermediate for beta-casein and kappa-casein but relatively high for beta-lactoglobulin in the first group of Turkish breeds compared to other breeds of the world. The kappa-casein E allele, which has a negative effect on cheese quality, is absent in Turkish cattle breeds, except in Holstein Candidate Bulls. Therefore, the results suggest that milk of Turkish native breeds is suitable for cheese making. Based on observations of the Turkish breeds, some suggestions were made regarding breeding practices in Turkey.

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Genetic polymorphism and effect on milk production of CSN2 gene in conventional and local cattle breeds in Croatia

Mljekarstvo ◽

10.15567/mljekarstvo.2021.0101 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 71 (1) ◽

pp. 3-12

Author(s):

Ante Ivanković ◽

Keyword(s):

Public Interest ◽

Milk Fat ◽

Allelic Variation ◽

The Past ◽

Cattle Breeds ◽

Pcr Rflp ◽

Beta Casein ◽

Negative Effect ◽

Central Database

Over the past three decades, the scientific and public interest has been initiated by studies in which the negative effect of milk consumption of beta-casein A1 variant has been observed on consumers’ health. The production of “A2 milk” is one of the ways to economically increase the competitiveness of small and medium-sized dairy farms. Breeders of endangered local breeds are also interested in reaffirmation through production of “A2 milk”. The aim of this study is to determine frequencies of A1 and A2 variants of beta-casein in three commercial and three local breeds of cattle in Croatia, and their relationship with production indicators of commercial breeds in the first three lactations. The genomic DNA was extracted from hair and determination of CSN2 genotypes was conducted by PCR RFLP method. Data for milk yield and chemical composition were provided by the central database. The dominant presence of A2 variant beta-casein in the investigated cattle breeds (0.650-0.758) and the increase in the frequency of A2 beta-casein in the population of Simmental and Istrian cattle were determined. The association of A2A2 and A1A1 genotypes of beta-casein with lactation production and milk fat content in the first and second lactation was observed (p<0.05). The dominance of the A2 allelic variation of beta-casein makes the researched conventional and local breeds suitable for the production of “A2 milk”. The breeding extension of A2 allelic variation of beta-casein within local cattle breeds should be carried out carefully trying not to lose part of the existing genetic variability.

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