scholarly journals A change in seasonality in Greenland during a Dansgaard–Oeschger warming

2008 ◽  
Vol 48 ◽  
pp. 19-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth R. Thomas ◽  
Robert Mulvaney ◽  
Eric W. Wolff
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Cycle ◽  
Ice Core ◽  
Chemical Deposition ◽  
Last Glacial Period ◽  
Glacial Ice ◽  
The North ◽  
Annual Layer ◽  
First Time ◽  
Very High ◽  
The Last Glacial

AbstractA new sub-seasonal chemical record is presented from the North Greenland Icecore Project (NorthGRIP) ice core during the onset of one of the longest and strongest interstadials of the last glacial period, Dansgaard–Oeschger event 8 (approximately 38 000 years ago). This is the first time that a record of such resolution has been achieved over several metres of deep glacial ice and provides a unique opportunity for using additional parameters to carry out accurate dating using annual-layer counting. The very high-resolution chemical data were used to assess the phasing of various ions and determine changes in the seasonal strength of chemical deposition and the shape of the seasonal cycle. The study shows that a change in seasonality accompanied the dramatic warming transition from stadial to interstadial conditions in Greenland.

scholarly journals South Pole glacial climate reconstruction from multi-borehole laser particulate stratigraphy

2013 ◽  
Vol 59 (218) ◽  
pp. 1117-1128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Physics ◽  
Volcanic Ash ◽  
Ice Core ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Radiometric Dating ◽  
South Pole ◽  
Last Glacial Period ◽  
Annual Layer ◽  
Paleoclimate Records ◽  
The Last Glacial

AbstractThe IceCube Neutrino Observatory and its prototype, AMANDA, were built in South Pole ice, using powerful hot-water drills to cleanly bore >100 holes to depths up to 2500 m. The construction of these particle physics detectors provided a unique opportunity to examine the deep ice sheet using a variety of novel techniques. We made high-resolution particulate profiles with a laser dust logger in eight of the boreholes during detector commissioning between 2004 and 2010. The South Pole laser logs are among the most clearly resolved measurements of Antarctic dust strata during the last glacial period and can be used to reconstruct paleoclimate records in exceptional detail. Here we use manual and algorithmic matching to synthesize our South Pole measurements with ice-core and logging data from Dome C, East Antarctica. We derive impurity concentration, precision chronology, annual-layer thickness, local spatial variability, and identify several widespread volcanic ash depositions useful for dating. We also examine the interval around ∼74 ka recently isolated with radiometric dating to bracket the Toba (Sumatra) supereruption.

scholarly journals Objective identification of climate states from Greenland ice cores for the last glacial period

2010 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 1209-1227 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. Peavoy ◽  
C. Franzke
Keyword(s):  
Ice Core ◽  
Ice Sheet ◽  
Greenland Ice Sheet ◽  
Ice Cores ◽  
Glacial Period ◽  
Last Glacial Period ◽  
Last Glacial ◽  
The North ◽  
Core Project ◽  
The Last Glacial

Abstract. We present statistical methods to systematically determine climate regimes for the last glacial period using three temperature proxy records from Greenland: measurements of δ18O from the Greenland Ice Sheet Project 2 (GISP2), the Greenland Ice Core Project (GRIP) and the North Greenland Ice Core Project (NGRIP). By using Bayesian model comparison methods we find that, in two out of three data sets, a model with 3 states is very strongly supported. We interpret these states as corresponding to: a gradual cooling regime due to iceberg influx in the North Atlantic, sudden temperature decrease due to increased freshwater influx following ice sheet collapse and to the Dansgaard-Oeschger events associated with sudden rebound temperature increase after the thermohaline circulation recovers its full flux. We find that these models are far superior to those that differentiate between states based on absolute temperature differences only, which questions the appropriateness of defining stadial and interstadial climate states. We investigate the recurrence properties of these climate regimes and find that the only significant periodicity is within the Greenland Ice Sheet Project 2 data at 1450 years in agreement with previous studies.

scholarly journals The NorthGRIP deep drilling programme

2002 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dorthe Dahl-Jensen ◽  
Niels S. Gundestrup ◽  
Heinz Miller ◽  
Okitsugu Watanabe ◽  
Sigfús J. Johnsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ice Core ◽  
Ice Sheet ◽  
Greenland Ice Sheet ◽  
Glacial Period ◽  
Internal Layers ◽  
Last Glacial Period ◽  
Last Glacial ◽  
The North ◽  
Climatic Period ◽  
The Last Glacial

AbstractThe North Greenland Icecore Project (NorthGRIP) was initiated in 1995 as a joint international programme involving Denmark, Germany, Japan, Belgium, Sweden, Iceland, the U.S.A., France and Switzerland. the main goal was to obtain undisturbed high-resolution information about the Eemian climatic period (115–130 kyr BP). the records from the Greenland Icecore Project (GRIP) and Greenland Ice Sheet Project 2 (GISP2) in central Greenland are different and disturbed down in the ice covering this period. Internal radio-echo sounding layers show that NorthGRIP, placed 325 km north-northwest of GRIP at the Summit of the Greenland ice sheet, is located on a gently sloping ice ridge with very flat bedrock and internal layers found so high that an undisturbed Eemian record is possible. Internal layers much farther above bedrock than their apparent counter parts at GRIP suggest that conditions are favourable for recovery of an undisturbed Eemian record. So far, a 1351 mdeep ice core (NorthGRIP1) and a 3001 mdeep ice core (NorthGRIP 2) have been recovered. the ice thickness is expected to be 3080 m, and the ice temperature at 3001 m is –5.6°C, so we expect basal melting at the bedrock. Most of the Eemian ice will be melted away, leaving only the last part and the transition between the Eem and the Last Glacial Period. At 3001 m the age of the ice is 110 kyr BP and the annual layers are of the order 1 cm.With modern methods the annual layers can be resolved, resulting in detailed information on the decline of the warm Eemian period into the Last Glacial Period.

scholarly journals Duration of Greenland Stadial 22 and ice-gas Δage from counting of annual layers in Greenland NGRIP ice core

2012 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 2583-2605 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Vallelonga ◽  
G. Bertagna ◽  
T. Blunier ◽  
H. A. Kjær ◽  
T. J. Popp ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ice Core ◽  
Ice Age ◽  
Dust Particles ◽  
Last Glacial Period ◽  
Annual Layer ◽  
Multiple Analytes ◽  
Ch4 Concentration ◽  
The Last Glacial

Abstract. The NorthGRIP ice core chronology GICC05modelext is composed of the annual-layer counted GICC05 chronology to 60 kyr before 2000 AD (b2k), and an ice flow model dating the deepest part of the ice core to 123 kyr b2k. Determination of annual strata in ice beyond 60 kyr b2k has been challenged by the thinning of annual layers to <1 cm and the appearance of microfolds in some early glacial strata. We report high-resolution measurements of a 50 m section of the NorthGRIP ice core and corresponding annual layer thicknesses, constraining the duration of the Greenland Stadial (GS-22) between Greenland Interstadials (GIs) 21 and 22 which occurred between approximately 89 (end of GI-22) and 83 kyr b2k (onset of GI-21) depending on the chronology used. Multiple analytes (insoluble dust particles, electrolytic conductivity, ammonium and sodium) were determined in annual layers of ice often thinner than 1 cm. From annual layer counting, we find that GS-22 lasted 2894 ± 198 yr and was followed by a GI-21 pre-cursor event lasting 350 ± 19 yr. Our layer-based counting agrees with the duration of GS-22 determined from the NALPS speleothem record (3250 ± 526 yr) but not with that of the GICC05modelext chronology (2620 yr). These results show that GICC05modelext overestimates accumulation and/or underestimates thinning in this early part of the last glacial period. We also revise the NorthGRIP ice depth-gas depth (5.67 ± 0.18 m) and ice age-gas age (550 ± 52 yr) differences at the warming onset of GI-21, observing that δ15N increases before CH4 concentration by no more than a few decades.

scholarly journals A 60 000 year Greenland stratigraphic ice core chronology

2008 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Svensson ◽  
K. K. Andersen ◽  
M. Bigler ◽  
H. B. Clausen ◽  
D. Dahl-Jensen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North Atlantic ◽  
Time Scale ◽  
Ice Core ◽  
Ice Cores ◽  
The North ◽  
Annual Layer ◽  
Zone Ii ◽  
Absolute Age ◽  
Age Estimates ◽  
New Time

Abstract. The Greenland Ice Core Chronology 2005 (GICC05) is a time scale based on annual layer counting of high-resolution records from Greenland ice cores. Whereas the Holocene part of the time scale is based on various records from the DYE-3, the GRIP, and the NorthGRIP ice cores, the glacial part is solely based on NorthGRIP records. Here we present an 18 ka extension of the time scale such that GICC05 continuously covers the past 60 ka. The new section of the time scale places the onset of Greenland Interstadial 12 (GI-12) at 46.9±1.0 ka b2k (before year AD 2000), the North Atlantic Ash Zone II layer in GI-15 at 55.4±1.2 ka b2k, and the onset of GI-17 at 59.4±1.3 ka b2k. The error estimates are derived from the accumulated number of uncertain annual layers. In the 40–60 ka interval, the new time scale has a discrepancy with the Meese-Sowers GISP2 time scale of up to 2.4 ka. Assuming that the Greenland climatic events are synchronous with those seen in the Chinese Hulu Cave speleothem record, GICC05 compares well to the time scale of that record with absolute age differences of less than 800 years throughout the 60 ka period. The new time scale is generally in close agreement with other independently dated records and reference horizons, such as the Laschamp geomagnetic excursion, the French Villars Cave and the Austrian Kleegruben Cave speleothem records, suggesting high accuracy of both event durations and absolute age estimates.

scholarly journals Climatic Record From an Ice Margin Area in East Antarctica

1990 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 323-327 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.D. Yao ◽  
J.R. Petit ◽  
J. Jouzel ◽  
C. Lorius ◽  
P. Duval
Keyword(s):  
Ice Core ◽  
East Antarctica ◽  
Deuterium Content ◽  
Ice Crystal ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Last Glacial Period ◽  
Last Glacial ◽  
Climatic Record ◽  
Ice Crystal Size ◽  
The Last Glacial

Deuterium content, microparticle concentration, ice crystal size and bubble concentration have been studied along an 82 m ice core drilled down to the bedrock in the ice-sheet margin in East Antarctica. The Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) is distinctly marked by low deuterium content, high concentration of microparticles, small ice crystals and high bubble concentrations. This core covers a significant part of the Last Glacial Period with ice from a warmer period recovered around a depth of 60 m.

Link between the North and South Atlantic during the Heinrich events of the last glacial period

1999 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. 909-919 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Vidal ◽  
R.R. Schneider ◽  
O. Marchal ◽  
T. Bickert ◽  
T.F. Stocker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Atlantic ◽  
Glacial Period ◽  
Last Glacial Period ◽  
Last Glacial ◽  
Heinrich Events ◽  
The North ◽  
North And South ◽  
The Last Glacial

scholarly journals Discovery of a nanodiamond-rich layer in the Greenland ice sheet

2010 ◽  
Vol 56 (199) ◽  
pp. 747-757 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrei V. Kurbatov ◽  
Paul A. Mayewski ◽  
Jorgen P. Steffensen ◽  
Allen West ◽  
Douglas J. Kennett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Explosive ◽  
Ice Sheet ◽  
Greenland Ice Sheet ◽  
Impact Indicator ◽  
Glacial Ice ◽  
Ice Caps ◽  
Very High ◽  
Explosive Detonation ◽  
Discrete Layer ◽  
The Last Glacial

AbstractWe report the discovery in the Greenland ice sheet of a discrete layer of free nanodiamonds (NDs) in very high abundances, implying most likely either an unprecedented influx of extraterrestrial (ET) material or a cosmic impact event that occurred after the last glacial episode. From that layer, we extracted n-diamonds and hexagonal diamonds (lonsdaleite), an accepted ET impact indicator, at abundances of up to about 5×106 times background levels in adjacent younger and older ice. The NDs in the concentrated layer are rounded, suggesting they most likely formed during a cosmic impact through some process similar to carbon-vapor deposition or high-explosive detonation. This morphology has not been reported previously in cosmic material, but has been observed in terrestrial impact material. This is the first highly enriched, discrete layer of NDs observed in glacial ice anywhere, and its presence indicates that ice caps are important archives of ET events of varying magnitudes. Using a preliminary ice chronology based on oxygen isotopes and dust stratigraphy, the ND-rich layer appears to be coeval with ND abundance peaks reported at numerous North American sites in a sedimentary layer, the Younger Dryas boundary layer (YDB), dating to 12.9 ± 0.1 ka. However, more investigation is needed to confirm this association.

Identification of the Fugloyarbanki tephra in the NGRIP ice core: a key tie‐point for marine and ice‐core sequences during the last glacial period

2008 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 409-414 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. M. Davies ◽  
S. Wastegård ◽  
T. L. Rasmussen ◽  
A. Svensson ◽  
S. J. Johnsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ice Core ◽  
Glacial Period ◽  
Last Glacial Period ◽  
Last Glacial ◽  
The Last Glacial
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