scholarly journals Diagnostic features of phytophages, pathogens and weeds in corn crop protection systems (methodological and practical aspects)

2018 ◽  
pp. 5-12
Author(s):  
K.S. Artokhin ◽  
◽  
V.G. Ivashchenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Crop Protection ◽  
Diagnostic Features ◽  
Corn Crop ◽  
Protection Systems

The Impact of Plant Protection Systems on the Productivity of Soybean Varieties under Irrigated Conditions

2019 ◽  
pp. 109-117
Keyword(s):  
Plant Protection ◽  
Crop Protection ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Protection System ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
The South ◽  
Biological Origin ◽  
Chemical Protection ◽  
Protection Systems ◽  
The Impact

The application of preparations of biological origin in the protection system of soybean grown under conditions of intensive irrigated crop rotations conforms to the modern tendencies of science and production development. The use of them contributes to solving ecological, production and social-economic problems. The study presents the three-year research on the efficiency of systems protecting soybean from pests and diseases based on biological and chemical preparations. The research was conducted in typical soil and climate conditions of the South of Ukraine. Zonal agricultural methods and generally accepted research methodology were used. The purpose of the research was to create a soybean protection system based on preparations of biological origin, ensuring high productivity of high-quality products reducing a negative impact of the crop production on the environment. The study emphasizes that, under irrigated conditions of the South of Ukraine, the application of biological preparations has a positive impact on the indexes of growth, development and formation of the elements of soybean yield structure. There was an increase in the crop biological weight by 13.8 % and 22.1 % and the number of seeds per plant rose by 11.6 and 14.6 % as a consequence of eliminating harmful organisms with the plant protection systems. The larger ground mass was formed by medium-ripe varieties Danai and Svyatogor, on which the increase from protection measures was higher. Weight 1000 pcs. the seeds did not undergo significant changes. It is established that the larger seeds were formed by Danaya and Svyatogor varieties, in which the average weight is 1000 pcs. seeds were 142 and 136 g, respectively, while in the variety Diona this figure was 133 g. There was an increase in the height of the lowest pod when the total plant height rose. For medium-ripe varieties was characterized by a higher attachment of beans, where the highest values of this indicator acquired in the variety Svyatogor. The medium maturing soybean variety Danaia formed the maximum yield of 3.23 and 3.35 t/ha respectively, when biological and chemical protection systems were applied. The research establishes that the application of the bio-fungicide Psevdobakterin 2 (2.0 l/ha) in the crop protection system at the beginning of soybean flowering and the bio-fungicide Baktofit (2.5 l/ha) with the bio-insecticide Lepidotsid-BTU (10.0 l/ha) at the beginning of pod formation does not reduce the productivity of the soybean varieties under study considerably, when compared to the application of chemical preparations. The research determines that the soybean protection system under study ensures a decrease in the coefficient of soybean water uptake by 7.2-13.0 %, increasing the total water intake to an inconsiderable degree. Biologization of the soybean crop protection system leads to a reduction in production costs compared to the chemical protection system. Taking into account the needs for the collection of additional products, costs increase by an average of 1 thousand UAH/ha, while for chemical protection systems by 1.8 thousand UAH/ha. At the same time, the cost is reduced by 220-360 UAH/t and the profitability of growing crops is increased by 3.8-7.8 %. There has been a reduction in the burden of pesticides on the environment and the production of cleaner products. This indicates the prospect of using the biofungicides Pseudobacterin 2 and Bactophyte and the bioinsecticide Lepidocid-BTU on soybeans to protect plants from pests.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Crop Assurance Methods of Various Smart Crop Protection Systems

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 1799-1801
Keyword(s):  
Crop Yield ◽  
Crop Protection ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Wild Animal ◽  
Crop Damage ◽  
Forest Edges ◽  
Center Point ◽  
Crop Field ◽  
Protection Systems ◽  
Animal Attack

Crop damage due to the animal attack is one among the the principle dangers in diminishing the crop yield. The farm areas near the forest edges are unmistakably suffering from the wild animal attacks.. This surveys various methods used in many application for crop Security to redirect animal interruptions in the crop field. Most of these models in the crop field are outfitted with PIR sensors, sound creating gadgets, light flashers and some equipment module. For early discovery of the animal at the edge of the ranch interruption location framework should be introduced. Animal section at the homestead limit can be distinguished by certain hubs fixed at the limit and can be imparted to the focal base station. The progression of the center point commencement is zone based, time based and closeness based. On accepting this data the hubs inside the region of the animal actuates the hindering devices and diverts the animal far away from the area.

scholarly journals Delivering sustainable crop protection systems via the seed: exploiting natural constitutive and inducible defence pathways

2014 ◽  
Vol 369 (1642) ◽  
pp. 20140053 ◽  
Author(s):  
John A. Pickett ◽  
Gudbjorg I. Aradottír ◽  
Michael A. Birkett ◽  
Toby J. A. Bruce ◽  
Antony M. Hooper ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crop Protection ◽  
Inducible Defence ◽  
Protection Systems ◽  
Sustainable Crop Protection

Sustainability assessment of crop protection systems: SustainOS methodology and its application for apple orchards

2012 ◽  
Vol 113 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrik Mouron ◽  
Bart Heijne ◽  
Andreas Naef ◽  
Jörn Strassemeyer ◽  
Frank Hayer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sustainability Assessment ◽  
Crop Protection ◽  
Apple Orchards ◽  
Protection Systems

scholarly journals Delivering sustainable crop protection systems via the seed: exploiting natural constitutive and inducible defence pathways

2014 ◽  
Vol 369 (1639) ◽  
pp. 20120281 ◽  
Author(s):  
John A. Pickett ◽  
Gudbjorg I. Aradottír ◽  
Michael A. Birkett ◽  
Toby J. A. Bruce ◽  
Antony M. Hooper ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pest Management ◽  
Crop Protection ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Lead Compounds ◽  
Planting Material ◽  
Protection Systems ◽  
Sustainable Crop Protection ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
On Farm ◽  
New Breeding Technologies

To reduce the need for seasonal inputs, crop protection will have to be delivered via the seed and other planting material. Plant secondary metabolism can be harnessed for this purpose by new breeding technologies, genetic modification and companion cropping, the latter already on-farm in sub-Saharan Africa. Secondary metabolites offer the prospect of pest management as robust as that provided by current pesticides, for which many lead compounds were, or are currently deployed as, natural products. Evidence of success and promise is given for pest management in industrial and developing agriculture. Additionally, opportunities for solving wider problems of sustainable crop protection, and also production, are discussed.

scholarly journals CONTROL OF THE NUMBER OF THE MAJOR PESTS OF THE PEA SEEDS

2019 ◽  
pp. 137-150
Author(s):  
Nataliia Pinchuk ◽  
Pavlo Verheles ◽  
Tetiana Kovalenko ◽  
Nina Rudska
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Crop Protection ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Insecticide Treatment ◽  
Protection Systems ◽  
Green Form ◽  
Harmful Organisms ◽  
Pea Seeds ◽  
Leguminous Crops ◽  
Modern Technologies

One of the leading places among leguminous crops in Ukraine belongs to peas. This is due to its ability to produce fairly high and stable crops in a short growing season. Grain contains from 16 to 36% protein, up to 54% carbohydrates, about 1.6% fat, more than 3% ash. Pea protein is a complete amino acid composition and is 1.6 times better absorbed than wheat protein. To a large extent, the limiting factor for increasing the yield of pea seeds are numerous pests. Thus, in the pea field agrobiocenosis, up to 80 species of insects are trophically associated with this crop. However, the greatest damage is caused by specialized species that have evolved to feed on legumes during evolution: nodule weevils belonging to the genus Sitona Gern., Etiella zinckenella Tr., Laspeyresia nigricana F., Bruchus pisorum L. and Contarinia pisi Winn. Modern technologies for growing peas are based on the optimal use of the potential of varieties, a rational plant nutrition system and crop protection systems. An important aspect of integrated crop protection is the use of pesticides, which, if appropriate and effective, guarantee the reduction of harmful organisms. However, when growing certain types of products, their use is limited by sanitary and hygienic standards. These include raw materials for baby food, products used in food in green form, including green peas. This article confirms the feasibility and effectiveness of using modern insecticides based on bioagents and chemicals compared to variants where insecticide treatment has not been carried out. The best results were obtained with the use of chemical-based insecticides, in particular Enzhio 247 SC (0.18 l / ha) provided the highest yield of seeds, 2.92 t / ha, the value of the stored crop was 0.51 t / ha, and the level of profitability was 106.4%, which is 27.7% higher than the control variant . The use of the drug Connect, SC (0.4 l / ha) provided a crop yield of 0.06 t / ha lower, and the value of the stored crop was 0.45 t / ha, with a profitability level of 104.4%. When using insecticides based on microorganisms, the effect was observed, but much weaker.

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