scholarly journals ROBUST CONTROL AND STATE ESTIMATION OF A THREE-STAGE ANAEROBIC DIGESTION PROCESS

2019 ◽  
pp. 29-38
Author(s):  
Samia Semcheddine ◽  
Hanane Bouchareb
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Robust Control ◽  
State Estimation ◽  
Simulation Study ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Control Technique ◽  
Control Input ◽  
Luenberger Observer ◽  
Highly Nonlinear ◽  
Synergetic Control

The production of biogas via an anaerobic fermentation process is very interesting for various reasons: it not only produces renewable energy, but also facilitates the disposal of organic waste, therefore it preserves the environment, it contributes to the resolution of energy problems in agriculture and agro industry, it’s available for everyone because the waste is available everywhere. This process takes place in continuously stirred tank bioreactor and is described by a highly nonlinear model whose parameters are often uncertain thereby requiring robust control in any process performance enhancement procedure to optimize the biogas production. Thus a robust control technique, synergetic, is proposed to improve the settling time in a fermentation based biogas production in a simulation study; the simulation study is carried out on biotechnological process described by a five-order continuous-time reaction scheme described by three stages. An extended Luenberger observer is proposed under synergetic control to observe the different concentrations because of the high-cost and unavailable measurement instrumentation. The interest of paper lies in controlling the amount of bio methane produced and the observation of all the states of the system (5 different populations of the complex community of bacteria and substrate concentrations acting during anaerobic digestion (AD) processes) by simply measuring the biogas produced. The monitoring, controller and observer performance are evaluated via numerical simulations showing excellent responses under the influence of control input. Key words: Bio methane, anaerobic digestion, synergetic control, extended Luenberger observer, state estimation.

scholarly journals Sliding mode control of biogas production by anaerobic digestion with addition of acetate

2019 ◽  
Vol 93 ◽  
pp. 03002
Author(s):  
Plamena Zlateva
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Sliding Mode Control ◽  
Expert Knowledge ◽  
Sliding Mode ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
External Disturbance ◽  
Control Input ◽  
State Variables ◽  
Mode Control ◽  
And Control

Biogas production by anaerobic digestion with addition of acetate is considered. Sliding mode control for regulation of the biogas flow rate using the addition of acetate as a control action is proposed. The control design is carried out with direct use of nonlinear model and expert knowledge. Chattering phenomena are avoided by realizing the sliding mode with respect to the control input derivative. The state variables, external disturbance, process output and control input are varied in the known intervals. The performance of the designed sliding mode control is investigated by varying the process set point and the uncertain process parameter, which reflecting the influence of the external disturbance. The excellent performance of presented control is proved through simulation investigations in MATLAB using Simulink.

scholarly journals Modeling and adaptive robust wavelet control for a liquid container system under slosh and uncertainty

2020 ◽  
pp. 002029402095248
Author(s):  
Mohammad Abdulrahman Al-Mashhadani
Keyword(s):  
Robust Control ◽  
Feedback Linearization ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Adaptive Robust Control ◽  
Control Technique ◽  
Ground Vehicles ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Liquid Slosh ◽  
Attenuation Level ◽  
Highly Nonlinear

Liquid sloshing in moving or stationary containers and flexible uncertainty caused by the slosh are considered to be the most probable causing unexpected coupling effects on the dynamics of many systems such as aerospace, ground vehicles, and high speed industries arms. The coupling of dynamic liquid slosh in a container system with the uncertainty caused by the sensors or dampers is rare documented and this coupling can be considered as a highly nonlinear system. In this paper, an investigation is presented to demonstrate a new approach for enabling the reduction of the liquid slosh and uncertainty by implementing adaptive robust wavelet control technique. Starting by creating the mathematical dynamic model for the nonlinear slosh coupled by uncertainty, adaptive robust control based wavelet transform is applied for calculating optimal motion that minimize residual slosh and uncertainty. Subsequently the adaptive robust control based wavelet network approximation and the appropriate parameter algorithms for the container system with slosh and uncertainty are derived to achieve the feedback linearization, adaptive control, and H∞ tracking performance. The simulation results show that the effects of slosh errors and external uncertainty can be successfully attenuated within a desired attenuation level.

scholarly journals Virtual Sensors to Drive Anaerobic Digestion under a Synergetic Controller

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 430 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanane Bouchareb ◽  
Samia Semcheddine ◽  
Mohamed Naguib Harmas ◽  
Kouider Nacer M’Sirdi ◽  
Aziz Naamane
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Process Model ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Nonlinear Process ◽  
Biogas Plant ◽  
Virtual Sensors ◽  
Highly Nonlinear ◽  
System States ◽  
Prohibitive Cost

A robust synergetic controller using different observers is developed to drive an anaerobic digestion biogas plant. The latter, a highly nonlinear process requires prohibitive cost sensors. Furthermore, some variables are downright immeasurable rendering control an intricate challenge. Only biogas flow which can be effectively measured, due to an easily integrated low cost sensor, will be considered available and used in this work. The proposed synergetic controller depends on immeasurable system states, thus observers will be used for state estimation. Substrate and biomass concentrations required in the synergetic control law will be obtained via three virtual sensors developed for a one stage fermentation process model. The model, used in this paper, consider the mechanization phase responsible for the biogas production because the objective is to improve the amount of methane produced. A simulation study of the biogas plant control with the proposed technique is compared to a classic PID (Proportional, Integral and Derivative) approach. Comparative studies are provided for observation and control via computer simulations.

scholarly journals State estimation for anaerobic digesters using the ADM1

2012 ◽  
Vol 66 (5) ◽  
pp. 1088-1095 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Gaida ◽  
C. Wolf ◽  
C. Meyer ◽  
A. Stuhlsatz ◽  
J. Lippel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
State Estimation ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Synthetic Data ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Biogas Plant ◽  
Actual State ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Biogas Plants

The optimization of full-scale biogas plant operation is of great importance to make biomass a competitive source of renewable energy. The implementation of innovative control and optimization algorithms, such as Nonlinear Model Predictive Control, requires an online estimation of operating states of biogas plants. This state estimation allows for optimal control and operating decisions according to the actual state of a plant. In this paper such a state estimator is developed using a calibrated simulation model of a full-scale biogas plant, which is based on the Anaerobic Digestion Model No.1. The use of advanced pattern recognition methods shows that model states can be predicted from basic online measurements such as biogas production, CH4 and CO2 content in the biogas, pH value and substrate feed volume of known substrates. The machine learning methods used are trained and evaluated using synthetic data created with the biogas plant model simulating over a wide range of possible plant operating regions. Results show that the operating state vector of the modelled anaerobic digestion process can be predicted with an overall accuracy of about 90%. This facilitates the application of state-based optimization and control algorithms on full-scale biogas plants and therefore fosters the production of eco-friendly energy from biomass.

Biogas Production from Community Waste to Optimise the Substrate for Anaerobic Digestion

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 580
Author(s):  
Antony P. Pallan ◽  
S. Antony Raja ◽  
C. G. Varma ◽  
Deepak Mathew D.K. ◽  
Anil K. S. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Biogas Production

Anaerobic Digestion of Banana Wastes for Biogas Production

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Damaris Kerubo Oyaro ◽  
Zablon Isaboke Oonge ◽  
Patts Meshack Odira
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Banana Wastes

Simulation of the Impact of Higher Ammonia Recycle Loads Caused by Upgrading Anaerobic Sludge Digesters

2005 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 491-499 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeremy T. Kraemer ◽  
David M. Bagley
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge ◽  
Content Increase ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Dynamic Simulations ◽  
Treatment Train ◽  
Temperature Liquid ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Upgrading conventional single-stage mesophilic anaerobic digestion to an advanced digestion technology can increase sludge stability, reduce pathogen content, increase biogas production, and also increase ammonia concentrations recycled back to the liquid treatment train. Limited information is available to assess whether the higher ammonia recycle loads from an anaerobic sludge digestion upgrade would lead to higher discharge effluent ammonia concentrations. Biowin, a commercially available wastewater treatment plant simulation package, was used to predict the effects of anaerobic digestion upgrades on the liquid train performance, especially effluent ammonia concentrations. A factorial analysis indicated that the influent total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN) and influent alkalinity each had a 50-fold larger influence on the effluent NH3 concentration than either the ambient temperature, liquid train SRT or anaerobic digestion efficiency. Dynamic simulations indicated that the diurnal variation in effluent NH3 concentration was 9 times higher than the increase due to higher digester VSR. Higher recycle NH3 loads caused by upgrades to advanced digestion techniques can likely be adequately managed by scheduling dewatering to coincide with periods of low influent TKN load and ensuring sufficient alkalinity for nitrification.

Biogas Production Using Anaerobic Digestion of Industrial Waste

2016 ◽  
Vol 832 ◽  
pp. 55-62
Author(s):  
Ján Gaduš ◽  
Tomáš Giertl ◽  
Viera Kažimírová
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Industrial Waste ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Biogas Plant ◽  
Parallel Operation ◽  
Paper Production ◽  
Biochemical Conversion ◽  
Mixed Biomass ◽  
Economic Balance

In the paper experiments and theory of biogas production using industrial waste from paper production as a co-substrate are described. The main aim of the experiments was to evaluate the sensitivity and applicability of the biochemical conversion using the anaerobic digestion of the mixed biomass in the pilot fermentor (5 m3), where the mesophillic temperature was maintained. It was in parallel operation with a large scale fermentor (100 m3). The research was carried out at the biogas plant in Kolíňany, which is a demonstration facility of the Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra. The experiments proved that the waste arising from the paper production can be used in case of its appropriate dosing as an input substrate for biogas production, and thus it can improve the economic balance of the biogas plant.

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