Effect of Combined Oral Contraception on Coagulation Profiles in Women Attending Fertility Control Clinic in Baqubah City- Iraq

Background: Use of oral contraception has been associated with an increased abnormalities of lipid and carbohydrate metabolism as well as hemostatic variables at baseline (increased plasma levels of factor VII, factor X, fibrinogen and of D-dimers).Objectives: To evaluate the effect of oral contraceptive pills (combined pills) on coagulation tests,prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), and fibrinogen level.Patients and methods: This is a descriptive cross sectional study which was conducted in fertility control clinic in Al-Batool Teaching Hospital for Maternity and Children in Baqubah city, during the period from December 2015 to October 2016. Eighty eight women were enrolled in this study according to inclusion criteria, 63 women were use contraceptive pills(study group) and other 25 females not taken these pills (control group), prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time and fibrinogen level measured by using the coagulometer instrument.Results: The mean age was 29.89 and 30.89 years for all participants (subject and control) it was (range 20-45). The results of cases revealed that PT= 12.89 seconds, APTT= 30.45 seconds, and fibrinogen level= 2.18 g/l while the results of control group revealed that PT= 11.92 seconds, APTT= 29.85 seconds and fibrinogen level= 2.24 g/l. Overall no significant variations were noticed in these parameters with P value > 0.05 also no significant changes were noticed between age groups, duration of oral contraceptives and some clinical parameters.Conclusion: Effect of combined oral contraceptives use on prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time and fibrinogen levels are minor compared with control group. تأثير وسائل منع الحمل عن طريق الفم على عوامل التخثر في النساء المتواجدات في عيادة تنظيم الأسرة في مدينة بعقوبة, العراق أ.م.د سوسن طالب سلمان أ.م.د اريج عطية حسين م.د. رغد كامل سعدي الخلاصة: الخلفيةالدراسة: يرتبط استخدام وسائل منع الحمل عن طريق الفم مع زيادة نسبة الدهون في الدم والتمثيل الغذائي للكربوهيدرات وكذلك عوامل التخثر بما في ذلك زيادة مستويات العامل السابع في البلازما، عامل X، الفيبرينوجين و D-dimer الهدف من الدراسة: لتقييم تأثير حبوب منع الحمل عن طريق الفم على عوامل التخثروهي وقت البروثرومبين، تنشيط وقت ثرومبوبلاستين الجزئي، ومستوى الفيبرينوجين. المرضى وطرق العمل: دراسة وصفية مقطعية أجريت في عيادة تنظيم الأسرة في مستشفى البتول التعليمي للأمومة والطفولة في مدينة بعقوبة، خلال الفترة من كانون الاول 2015 إلى تشرين الاول 2016. تم اختيار ثمان وثمانون امرأةكمتطوعين وفقا إلى معاييرالاشتراك بالبحث، اخذت عينات الدم من 63 امرأة كانت تستخدم حبوب منع الحمل و 25 أنثى أخرى لم تأخذ موانع الحمل ، وتم اختيارها واعتبارها السيطرة في فئة عمرية معينة. وقت البروثرومبين ، تنشيط وقت ثرومبوبلاستين الجزئي ومستوى الفيبرينوجين قيست باستخدام أداة كواغلوميتتر. النتائج: كان متوسط العمر 29.89 و 30.89 سنة لجميع المشاركين (مستخدمي موانع الحمل والسيطرة) كان (المدى 20-48). اظهرت نتائج الحالات ان وقت البروثرومبين(PT) = 12.89 ثانية، تنشيط وقت ثرومبوبلاستين الجزئي(APTT) = 30.45 ثانية، ومستوى الفيبرينوجين = 2.18 جم / لتر في حين كشفت نتائج مجموعة السيطرة ان PT = 11.92 ثانية، APTT = 29.85 ثانية ومستوى الفيبرينوجين = 2.24 جم / لتر. وبشكل عام لم تلاحظ أي اختلافات معنوية في هذه المعاملات مع قيمة P> 0.05كما لم تلاحظ أي تغيرات معنوية بين الفئات العمرية ومدة وسائل منع الحمل الفموية وبعض المتغيرات السريرية في حين لاحظ فرق كبير مع مؤشر كتلة الجسم. الاستنتاج: تأثير وسائل منع الحمل عن طريق الفم على مستويات وقتالبروثرومبين،تنشيطوقتثرومبوبلاستينالجزئي،ومستوىالفيبرينوجين كانت طفيفة مقارنة مع مجموعة السيطرة. الكلمات المفتاحية: وسائل منع الحمل عن طريق الفم، هرمون الاستروجين، بروجيستاجين، تجلط الدم، تخثر الدم

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Antihemostatic Effect of Hsien-Ho-T'sao (Agrimonia pilosa)

The American Journal of Chinese Medicine ◽

10.1142/s0192415x8400012x ◽

1984 ◽

Vol 12 (01n04) ◽

pp. 116-123 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Jih-Pyang Wang ◽

Mei-Feng Hsu ◽

Che-Ming Teng

Keyword(s):

Prothrombin Time ◽

Blood Coagulation ◽

Partial Thromboplastin Time ◽

Bleeding Time ◽

Fibrinogen Level ◽

Platelet Rich Plasma ◽

Water Extract ◽

Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time ◽

Thrombin Time

Bleeding time in rats was markedly prolonged after the adminstration of the water extract of Hsien-Ho-T'sao. This antihemostatic effect was more marked in the group of i.p. injection of the drug than in the group of p.o. administration for 2 to 7 consecutive days. Blood coagulation studies showed that plasma prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time and stypven time were prolonged, while thrombin time adnd fibrinogen level were not changed. The thromboelastographic recording showed that reation time was prolonged and maximal elasticity of clot was decreased. In addition, ADP- and collagen- induced aggregations of platelet-rich plasma was suppressed. In conclusion, the prolongation of the bleeding time might be due to both anticoagulant and antiplatelet action of the drug.

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Evaluation of bone marrow with particular consideration of the megakaryocyte lineage and coagulation profile in the pregnant fallow deer (Dama dama)

Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences ◽

10.1515/pjvs-2016-0044 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 19 (2) ◽

pp. 359-364

Author(s):

A. Snarska ◽

P. Sobiech

Keyword(s):

Bone Marrow ◽

Platelet Count ◽

Prothrombin Time ◽

Partial Thromboplastin Time ◽

Fallow Deer ◽

Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time ◽

Control Group ◽

Slight Reduction ◽

Thrombin Time ◽

Coagulation Parameters

Abstract The aim of the study was to evaluate the megakaryocyte lineage of bone marrow and coagulation parameters in fallow deer during the last month of pregnancy. The animals were managed in the barn-feeding system. Twenty female fallow deer, aged 2-3 years, divided into 2 groups were used in the study. Group 1 comprised the females in the last month of pregnancy, and the non-pregnant females were used as the control. All the animals were clinically healthy. Coagulation parameters were measured in all the deer: thrombin time (TT), prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), and plasma concentrations of fibrinogen, D-dimer, and antithrombin III. A quantitative assessment of bone marrow was carried out for the erythroblastic, myeloid, lymphoid, monocyte-macrophage, and megakaryopoietic cell lines. A detailed analysis of megakaryocyte lineage was performed after whole blood and platelet count. There were no significant differences in the erythroblast, granulocyte, monocyte-macrophage and lymphoid systems between the animal groups. Thrombocyte count in the pregnant deer was lower than that found in the control group. Bone marrow smears revealed a slightly decreased megakaryocyte count, while the megakaryoblast and promegakaryocyte counts were unchanged. The analysis of coagulation parameters showed increased levels of fibrinogen, thrombin time, prothrombin time and activated partial thromboplastin time in the pregnant animals. The study suggested a hyperactivation of the coagulation system with a slight reduction in the megakaryocyte count in bone marrow, and a reduction in platelet count in peripheral blood at the end of pregnancy.

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Value of Preoperative Hemostasis Testing in Patients with Liver Disease for Perioperative Hemostatic Management

Anesthesiology ◽

10.1097/aln.0000000000001467 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 126 (2) ◽

pp. 338-344 ◽

Cited By ~ 32

Author(s):

Ton Lisman ◽

Robert J. Porte

Keyword(s):

Platelet Count ◽

Liver Disease ◽

Prothrombin Time ◽

Partial Thromboplastin Time ◽

Blood Product ◽

Fibrinogen Level ◽

Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time

Preoperative hemostasis testing may have limited use in patients with liver disease, and an abnormal platelet count, prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, and fibrinogen level should not trigger prophylactic transfusion of blood product components.

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Effect of Time and Haemolysis on Prothrombin Time (PT) and Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (APTT) Measurement on Blood Samples

Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics ◽

10.22270/jddt.v11i6-s.5252 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (6-S) ◽

pp. 114-122

Author(s):

Tahia Jafar Abdo Alhakam Eshag ◽

Maye M. Merghani ◽

Nihad Elsadig Babiker

Keyword(s):

Prothrombin Time ◽

Partial Thromboplastin Time ◽

Blood Clot ◽

Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time ◽

Medical Laboratory ◽

Control Group ◽

Case Group ◽

Age And Gender ◽

Blood Samples ◽

And Gender

Background: Coagulation, also known as blood clotting, is the process by which blood convert from a liquid to a gel, forming a blood clot. It referred to haemostasis, the stopping of blood loss from a damaged vessel, followed by repair. Material and methods: This was cross sectional study conducted at the albawasla medical laboratory, Khartoum, Sudan during the period August to November, 2021 and to evaluate the effect of time and hemolysis on prothrombin time and activated partial thromboplastin time tests. 50 samples (case group) were collected from the patients attending police teaching hospital and requested to the PT and APTT test in addition to that,50 apparently healthy donors with no history of any coagulation problems or any chronic disease were selected as control group. Three ml of venous blood samples were collected in container with Tri Sodium Citrate anticoagulant. The coagulation tests (PT and APTT) were performed using semiautomatic device (coagulometer machine MI). Results: The result of this study revealed that; when compared the measurement of PT and APTT immediately and after one hour there was insignificant differences (p. v.>0.05). also when compared the measurement of PT and APTT between hemolyzed and non-hemolyzed samples there was significant differences ( p. v.<0.05) in addition when compared case and control for the PT and APTT immediately, after one hour, hemolyzed and non-hemolyzed sample there was significant differences ( p. v.<0.05) except the APTT hemolyzed samples and insignificant differences with age and gender ( p. v.>0.05). For the correlation there was significant correlation in the case group for the PT and APTT immediately, after one hour, and hemolyzed samples. Conclusion: In the cases group results showed insignificant differences in the results of PT and APTT between immediate sample and after 1 hour in and significant differences in the results of PT and APTT between hemolyzed and non-hemolyzed samples, also there was insignificant differences between age and gender, immediately, after one hr. and hemolyzed sample in PT and APTT. Keywords: Homeostasis, hemolyzed sample, PT and APTT

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Haemostatic Effects of Ethanolic Extracts of Amaranthus hybridus on Wistar Rats

International Blood Research & Reviews ◽

10.9734/ibrr/2020/v11i130121 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 14-21

Author(s):

B. C. Chinko ◽

F. S. Amah-Tariah

Keyword(s):

Platelet Count ◽

Prothrombin Time ◽

Partial Thromboplastin Time ◽

Wistar Rats ◽

Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time ◽

Control Group ◽

Dependent Manner ◽

Amaranthus Hybridus ◽

Wide Range ◽

Ethanolic Extracts

Introduction: Haemostasis refers to the arrest of bleeding due to vascular damage and involves the intrinsic and extrinsic coagulation pathways which converge at the point of fibrin activation to stop or minimize blood loss. Amaranthus hybridus contains a while range of nutritional, chemical and phytochemical constituents which gives it wide range of applications in folk medicine. Aim: To evaluate the effects of ethanolic extracts of Amaranthus hybridus on blood platelet count, prothrombin time (PT) and activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) using Wistar rat models. Methodology: Twenty Four (24) adult male Wistar rats were used for the study. The animals were randomly divided into three (3) groups of eight (8) animals each. Oral administration of distilled water for the control group and ethanolic extracts of Amaranthus hybridus at 30 and 60 mg/kg lasted for twenty eight (28) days. Platelet count, prothrombin time (PT) and activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) were determined using standard laboratory methods. Results: Ethanolic extracts of Amaranthus hybridus significantly increased platelet count at 30 mg and 60 mg/kg compared to the control animals (p<0.05). Also, it significantly reduced prothrombin time and activated partial thromboplastin time at 30 and 60 mg/kg in a dose dependent manner compared to control animals (P<0.05). Conclusion: The study shows that ethanolic extract of Amaranthus hybridus may have enhanced haemostasis as demonstrated by increased platelet count and reduced prothrombin (PT) and activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) time.

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Screening coagulation tests in normal pregnancy

HEALTH OF WOMAN ◽

10.15574/hw.2020.150.58 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 58-60

Author(s):

S.I. Zhuk ◽

◽

I.V. Us ◽

Keyword(s):

Pregnant Women ◽

Partial Thromboplastin Time ◽

Fibrinogen Level ◽

Normal Pregnancy ◽

Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time ◽

Control Group ◽

Term Pregnancy ◽

Hemostatic System ◽

Keywords Screening ◽

Coagulation Tests

The objective: to evaluate the performance of screening coagulation tests in normal pregnancy. Materials and methods. A study of screening coagulation tests was conducted with the participation of 124 patients with normal pregnancy in terms of 12–14, 20–22, 28–30 and 37–40 weeks of gestation. The control group consisted of 82 patients who were at the pregravid stage of pregnancy planning. Coagulation tests were determined on a HELENA 2000 coagulometer. Namely, the activated partial thromboplastin time, the percentage of prothrombin by Quick and fibrinogen were examined. Results. During normal pregnancy, a dynamic, statistically significant increase in plasma fibrinogen level was determined. This indicator during full-term pregnancy differed from that of non-pregnant women by 1.8 times. During all normal pregnancies, there was no statistically significant dynamics of the activated partial thromboplastin time and the percentage of prothrombin by Quick, but there was a tendency towards these indicators increase in coagulation potential with an increase in the gestation term. Conclusion. When assessing a screening coagulation tests, pregnancy term should be taken into account first of all, rather than comparing the obtained values with reference indices for non-pregnant women. Keywords: screening coagulation tests, hemostatic system, fibrinogen level, prothrombin percentage by Quick, activated partial thromboplastin time.

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The Sub – Acute Effects of Raw Honey on Prothrombin Time, Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time and Platelet Values in Albino Wistar Rats

Journal of Advances in Medicine and Medical Research ◽

10.9734/jammr/2020/v32i1730643 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 68-73

Author(s):

Akudo Chidinma Ohale ◽

Emmanuel Ifeanyi Obeagu ◽

Happiness Alaribe Mark ◽

Chidindu C. Mmadu- Okoli ◽

Chukwuebuka Brian Ugo- Ezepue ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Prothrombin Time ◽

Partial Thromboplastin Time ◽

Wistar Rats ◽

Venous Blood ◽

Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time ◽

Control Group ◽

Statistical Significant Difference ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Value Determination ◽

Raw Honey

For centuries honey has been regarded as wonderful gift of nature in which the properties of an excellent food, beneficial alike to adults and children, are combined with medicinal properties. Surprisingly, its sub-acute effect on coagulation is unknown. Hence; this present study aims at evaluating the effects of raw honey on coagulation in albino wistar rats. Thirty (30), 3-4 months old albino wistar rats both males and females were used for the study. The experimental animals were divided into five (A, B, C, D, E) groups with six rats per group. The test groups (B-E) were gavaged with graded doses (625, 1250, 2500, 5000 mg/kg body weight) respectively of the raw honey once daily for nine days. Group A served as control. Two (2) animals were bled from each group after 3, 6 and 9 days through the ocular plexus. Four (4) ml of venous blood was collected. Two (2) ml was delivered into 0.25ml trisodium citrate anticoagulant bottle for determination of Prothrombin Time (PT) and Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (APTT). The remaining two (2) ml was delivered into K3EDTA anticoagulant bottle for platelet value determination. There was no statistical significant difference (P > 0.05) recorded in all the parameters investigated among the test groups when compared with the control group on Day 3. However, group B revealed a statistical significant decrease (P < 0.05) in PT when compared with the control group on Day 6. In addition, no statistical significant difference (P>0.05) was recorded on Day 9 when all the parameters investigated among the test groups were compared with the control group. Furthermore, there was no exposure related statistical significant difference (P>0.05) in the test groups in PT and APTT in the ANOVA. However, there was a time related significant difference (P<0.05) in platelet value of group C when Days 3, 6 and 9 were compared. It can be concluded that raw honey possesses a sub-acute coagulation stimulatory potentials which is likely to be dose and duration related.

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EFFECTS OF NICKEL CHLORIDE ON INDICES OF HEMOCOAGULATION AND LIPID PEROXIDATION IN RATS

ZHurnal «Patologicheskaia fiziologiia i eksperimental`naia terapiia» ◽

10.25557/0031-2991.2019.01.83-90 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 83-90

Author(s):

Э.М. Гаглоева ◽

В.Б. Брин ◽

С.В. Скупневский ◽

Н.В. Боциева ◽

Т.В. Молдован

Keyword(s):

Lipid Peroxidation ◽

Antioxidant Enzymes ◽

Platelet Aggregation ◽

Prothrombin Time ◽

Partial Thromboplastin Time ◽

Nickel Chloride ◽

Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time ◽

Fibrinogen Concentration ◽

Thrombin Time ◽

Hemostasis System

Цель исследования - изучить состояние системы гемостаза при хронической интоксикации хлоридом никеля, исследовать взаимосвязь показателей гемокоагуляции с процессами липопероксидации у крыс в эксперименте. Методика. Опыты проводили на крысах-самцах Вистар (n=50, 230-250 г). Раствор NiCl2 (5 мг/кг) вводили внутрижелудочно ежедневно в течение 2 нед, 1 и 2 мес. По завершении эксперимента исследовали состояние тромбоцитарного и коагуляционного звеньев гемостаза, антикоагулянтную и фибринолитическую активность крови, а также определяли активность процессов перекисного окисления липидов и антиоксидантных ферментов. Результаты. Установлено, что через 2 нед и 1 мес интоксикации у крыс отмечались гиперкоагуляционные изменения показателей свертывающей системы крови: повышение агрегационной активности тромбоцитов, увеличение концентрации фибриногена, снижение активированного частичного тромбопластинового времени (АЧТВ) и протромбинового времени. В этот период регистрировалось увеличение антитромбиновой и фибринолитической активности крови. Через 2 мес наблюдалось подавление активности клеточного звена гемостаза - тромбоцитопения, ослабление степени АДФ-индуцируемой агрегации тромбоцитов. Выявлялась тенденция к уменьшению концентрации фибриногена. На фоне снижения АЧТВ и тромбинового времени отмечалось увеличение протромбинового времени. В то же время регистрировалось угнетение противосвертывающего звена системы гемостаза (снижалась активность антитромбина III), наблюдалось истощение резервных возможностей фибринолитического звена (замедление фXIIа-зависимого эуглобулинового лизиса) и увеличение содержания растворимых фибрин мономерных комплексов, что свидетельствует о наличии тромбинемии. Через 2 нед, один и два месяца интоксикации у животных выявлялись корреляционные связи между основными показателями системы гемостаза и активностью процессов перекисного окисления липидов и антиоксидантных ферментов. Заключение. Полученные данные подтверждают наличие взаимосвязи активности процессов липопероксидации и системы гемостаза, в том числе при хронической никелевой интоксикации. Результаты исследования позволяют рекомендовать применение антиоксидантов для разработки способов коррекции гемостатических сдвигов при воздействии на организм тяжелых металлов. The aim. To study the state of the hemostasis system in chronic nickel intoxication and to investigate the relationship between hemocoagulation indices and lipoperoxidation processes in rats. Methods. Experiments were carried out on male Wistar rats (n=50, 230-250 g). A solution of nickel chloride (5 mg/kg) was administered daily intragastrically for two weeks, one and two months. At the end of the experiments, indices of platelet and coagulation hemostasis systems, anticoagulant and fibrinolytic activity of blood plasma, and activities of lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzymes were studied. Results. Hypercoagulative changes in indices of the coagulation system were observed in rats after two weeks and one month of intoxication, including increased platelet aggregation and fibrinogen concentration and shortened activated partial thromboplastin time and prothrombin time. During the same period, increased antithrombin and fibrinolytic activities were observed. The depressed activity of the cellular component of hemostasis evident as thrombocytopenia and impaired ADP-induced platelet aggregation was detected after two months of intoxication. A tendency to decrease in fibrinogen concentration was observed. The shortened activated partial thromboplastin time and thrombin time were associated with prolonged prothrombin time. At the same time, inhibition of the anticoagulant component of hemostasis (decreased antithrombin III activity), exhaustion of the fibrinolysis system reserve (delayed fXIIa-dependent euglobulin lysis), and a significant increase in soluble fibrin monomeric complexes indicative of thrombinemia were observed. After two weeks, one and two months of nickel intoxication, a correlation was found between the major indices of the hemostasis system and the activities of lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzymes. Conclusion. The study confirmed a relationship between the lipid peroxidation activity and the hemostasis system, specifically in chronic nickel intoxication. This result allows to recommend the use of antioxidants in developing methods for correction of hemostatic induced affected by heavy metals.

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