Equine Herpesvirus 1 Variant and New Marker for Epidemiologic Surveillance, Europe, 2021

Equine herpesvirus-1 (EHV-1) is an important pathogen in horses. It affects horses worldwide and causes substantial economic losses. In this study, for the first time, we characterized EHV-1 isolates from South Korea at the molecular level. We then aimed to determine the genetic divergences of these isolates by comparing them to sequences in databases. In total, 338 horse samples were collected, and 12 EHV-1 were isolated. We performed ORF30, ORF33, ORF68, and ORF34 genetic analysis and carried out multi-locus sequence typing (MLST) of 12 isolated EHV-1. All isolated viruses were confirmed as non-neuropathogenic type, showing N752 of ORF30 and highly conserved ORF33 (99.7–100%). Isolates were unclassified using ORF68 analysis because of a 118 bp deletion in nucleotide sequence 701–818. Seven EHV-1 isolates (16Q4, 19R166-1, 19R166-6, 19/10/15-2, 19/10/15-4, 19/10/18-2, 19/10/22-1) belonged to group 1, clade 10, based on ORF34 and MLST analysis. The remaining 5 EHV-1 isolates (15Q25-1, 15D59, 16Q5, 16Q40, 18D99) belonged to group 7, clade 6, based on ORF34 and MLST analysis.

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New real-time PCR assay using allelic discrimination for detection and differentiation of equine herpesvirus-1 strains with A2254 and G2254 polymorphisms

Journal of Equine Veterinary Science ◽

10.1016/j.jevs.2012.08.121 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 32 (10) ◽

pp. S55-S56

Author(s):

Kathryn L. Smith ◽

Yanqiu Li ◽

Patrick Breheny ◽

R. Frank Cook ◽

Pamela J. Henney ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Real Time ◽

Real Time Pcr ◽

Equine Herpesvirus ◽

Pcr Assay ◽

Allelic Discrimination ◽

Equine Herpesvirus 1 ◽

Herpesvirus 1

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Infection with Equine Herpesvirus 1 (EHV-1) Strain HVS25A in Pregnant Mice

Journal of Comparative Pathology ◽

10.1053/jcpa.1998.0251 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 120 (1) ◽

pp. 15-27 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

C. Walker ◽

V.M. Perotti ◽

D.N. Love ◽

J.M. Whalley

Keyword(s):

Equine Herpesvirus ◽

Equine Herpesvirus 1 ◽

Pregnant Mice ◽

Herpesvirus 1

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Replication characteristics of equine herpesvirus 1 and equine herpesvirus 3: comparative analysis using ex vivo tissue cultures

Veterinary Research ◽

10.1186/s13567-016-0305-5 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 47 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Haileleul Negussie ◽

Yewei Li ◽

Tesfaye Sisay Tessema ◽

Hans J. Nauwynck

Keyword(s):

Comparative Analysis ◽

Ex Vivo ◽

Equine Herpesvirus ◽

Tissue Cultures ◽

Equine Herpesvirus 1 ◽

Herpesvirus 1 ◽

Ex Vivo Tissue

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Argentine strain of equine herpesvirus 1 isolated from an aborted foetus shows low virulence in mouse respiratory and abortion models

Veterinary Microbiology ◽

10.1016/j.vetmic.2004.07.015 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 103 (1-2) ◽

pp. 1-12 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

C.M. Galosi ◽

C.G. Barbeito ◽

M.V. Vila Roza ◽

V. Cid de la Paz ◽

M.A. Ayala ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Equine Herpesvirus ◽

Equine Herpesvirus 1 ◽

Herpesvirus 1

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Transcriptomic Profiling of Equine and Viral Genes in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells in Horses during Equine Herpesvirus 1 Infection

Pathogens ◽

10.3390/pathogens10010043 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 43

Author(s):

Lila M. Zarski ◽

Patty Sue D. Weber ◽

Yao Lee ◽

Gisela Soboll Hussey

Keyword(s):

Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells ◽

Peripheral Blood ◽

Mononuclear Cells ◽

Differentially Expressed ◽

Equine Herpesvirus ◽

Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽

Equine Herpesvirus 1 ◽

Blood Mononuclear Cells ◽

Herpesvirus 1

Equine herpesvirus 1 (EHV-1) affects horses worldwide and causes respiratory disease, abortions, and equine herpesvirus myeloencephalopathy (EHM). Following infection, a cell-associated viremia is established in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). This viremia is essential for transport of EHV-1 to secondary infection sites where subsequent immunopathology results in diseases such as abortion or EHM. Because of the central role of PBMCs in EHV-1 pathogenesis, our goal was to establish a gene expression analysis of host and equine herpesvirus genes during EHV-1 viremia using RNA sequencing. When comparing transcriptomes of PBMCs during peak viremia to those prior to EHV-1 infection, we found 51 differentially expressed equine genes (48 upregulated and 3 downregulated). After gene ontology analysis, processes such as the interferon defense response, response to chemokines, the complement protein activation cascade, cell adhesion, and coagulation were overrepresented during viremia. Additionally, transcripts for EHV-1, EHV-2, and EHV-5 were identified in pre- and post-EHV-1-infection samples. Looking at micro RNAs (miRNAs), 278 known equine miRNAs and 855 potentially novel equine miRNAs were identified in addition to 57 and 41 potentially novel miRNAs that mapped to the EHV-2 and EHV-5 genomes, respectively. Of those, 1 EHV-5 and 4 equine miRNAs were differentially expressed in PBMCs during viremia. In conclusion, this work expands our current knowledge about the role of PBMCs during EHV-1 viremia and will inform the focus on future experiments to identify host and viral factors that contribute to clinical EHM.

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