scholarly journals The Enhanced Effect of Bicarbonate Anion for the Removal of 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid on a Palladium/Nickel-Foam Electrode

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Q X Liu ◽  
Q P Tian ◽  
X Y Ye ◽  
F R Liu ◽  
H M Yuan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Current Efficiency ◽  
Electrolyte Solution ◽  
Nickel Foam ◽  
Saturated Calomel Electrode ◽  
Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽  
Active Hydrogen ◽  
Active Centers ◽  
Constant Potential ◽  
2,4 Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid

Palladium/nickel-foam (Pd/Ni) electrode is used as a typical efficient electrocatalytic electrode for the removal of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) in surface water and industrial wastewater. Many researches had reported how to enhance the dechlorination efficiency of the Pd/Ni electrode by using less Pd loading. However, there are few reports of choosing a suitable electrolyte solution to improve the efficiency of dechlorination. Efforts were made in this work of the different catholyte influenced the dechlorination efficiency. The results showed the fastest removal efficiency of 2,4-D in 34 mmol/L NaHCO3 than in 34 mmol/L NaCl, 34 mmol/L NaClO4, 17 mmol/L Na2SO4 catholyte, respectively on Pd/Ni electrode with pd loading of 0.202 mg/cm2 at constant potential of -0.55 V (vs saturated calomel electrode). The dechlorination current efficiency (CE) was 20.5% in the 34 mmol/L NaHCO3 catholyte more than three times that in 17 mmol/L Na2SO4 catholyte for that HCO3- was the most likely source of protons for adsorbed active hydrogen (H*) in Pd active centers.

Ash pretreatment of pine and biosolids produces biochars with enhanced capacity for organic micropollutant removal from surface water, wastewater, and stormwater

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 635-644
Author(s):  
Matthew J Bentley ◽  
R Scott Summers
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽  
Micropollutant Removal ◽  
2,4 Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid

An ash pretreatment process was developed and evaluated for improving sorption of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and sulfamethoxazole for pine and biosolids based biochars, making them competitive with commercial activated carbon.

In Vitro Shoot Regeneration from Callus Derived from Marubakaido Apple Rootstock under Different Aluminium Concentrations

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 460e-460 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marisa F. de Oliveira ◽  
Gerson R. de L. Fortes ◽  
João B. da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Shoot Regeneration ◽  
Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽  
Apple Rootstock ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Previously Treated ◽  
2,4 Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽  
In Vitro Shoot Regeneration

The aim of this work was to evaluate the organogenesis of Marubakaido apple rootstock under different aluminium concentratons. The explants were calli derived from apple internodes treated with either 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid or pichloram at 0.5 and 1.0 μM and under five different aluminium concentrations (0, 5, 10, 15, 20 mg/L). These calli were then treated with aluminium at 0, 5, 10, 15, and 20 mg/L. It was observed shoot regeneration only for those calli previously treated with pichloram. There were no significant difference among the aluminium concentrations.

Characterization of the Reproductive Mode in Guayule In Vitro

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 483a-483
Author(s):  
Roy N. Keys ◽  
Dennis T. Ray ◽  
David A. Dierig
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Reproductive Mode ◽  
Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽  
Initial Field ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Reproductive Modes ◽  
Desert Southwest ◽  
2,4 Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid

Guayule (Parthenium argentatum Gray, Asteraceae) is a latex-producing perennial desert shrub that is potentially of economic importance as an industrial crop for the desert Southwest. It is known to possess complex reproductive modes. Diploids are predominantly sexual and self-incompatible, while polyploids show a range of apomictic potential and self-compatibility. This paper describes the development of a relatively rapid and simple technique for characterizing reproductive modes of breeding lines of P. argentatum. Initial field experiments were based on an auxin test used successfully to characterize reproductive mode in the Poaceae. The application of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid inhibited embryo formation in P. argentatum, but this was not the case with other auxins tested. Results of field experiments were ambiguous because: 1) the floral structure of P. argentatum is such that auxins might not have penetrated to the ovules, and 2) there was potential self-fertilization by pollen released within isolation bags. Therefore, in vitro culture of flower heads was tested because it provided much better control of environmental conditions, growth regulator application, and pollen release. Auxin alone, or in combination with gibberellic acid or kinetin, inhibited parthenogenesis in vitro. Embryo production did not vary using two substantially different nutrient media. In vitro flower head culture using a (Nitsch and Nitsch) liquid nutrient medium without growth regulators, enabled characterization of the reproductive mode of seven breeding lines, ranging from predominantly sexual to predominantly apomictic. The results of this technique were substantiated using RAPD analyzes of progeny arrays from controlled crosses.

The role of a metabolic intermediate in the biodegradation of inhibitory substrates

1997 ◽  
Vol 36 (10) ◽  
pp. 27-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Mungkarndee ◽  
S. M. Rao Bhamidimarri ◽  
A. J. Mawson ◽  
R. Chong
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Metabolic Product ◽  
Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽  
Mutual Inhibition ◽  
Metabolic Intermediate ◽  
Batch Cultures ◽  
Ortho Cresol ◽  
2,4 Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid

Biodegradation of the mixed inhibitory substrates, 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and para-chloro-ortho-cresol (PCOC) was studied in aerobic batch cultures. Each substrate added beyond certain concentrations inhibited the degradation of the other. This mutual inhibition was found to be enhanced by 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP) which is an intermediate metabolic product of 2,4-D. When 2,4-DCP accumulated to approximatelY 40 mg/l degradation of all compounds in the mixed 2,4-D and PCOC substrate system was completely inhibited. The degradation of 2,4-D and PCOC individually was also found to be inhibited by elevated concentrations of 2,4-DCP added externally, while PCOC inhibited the utilization of the intermediate.

2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid through lactation induces astrogliosis in rat brain

1997 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 175-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Brusco ◽  
J. Pecci Saavedra ◽  
G. García ◽  
P. Tagliaferro ◽  
A. M. Evangelista de Duffard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rat Brain ◽  
Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽  
2,4 Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid
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