scholarly journals LOWER QUARTER Y-BALANCE TEST SCORES ARE ASSOCIATED WITH ISOKINETIC KNEE STRENGTH

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (7_suppl3) ◽  
pp. 2325967121S0015
Author(s):  
Ashley L. Erdman ◽  
Charles W. Wyatt ◽  
Kirsten Tulchin-Francis ◽  
Sophia M. Ulman
Keyword(s):  
Knee Flexion ◽  
Knee Extension ◽  
Composite Score ◽  
Balance Test ◽  
Knee Extension Strength ◽  
Knee Strength ◽  
The Right ◽  
Composite Scores ◽  
Flexion Strength ◽  
Component Scores

Background: Lower extremity asymmetry has been shown to be associated with increased risk of anterior cruciate ligament injury. Return-to-sport screens commonly involve assessing the restoration of symmetrical strength and balance. Therefore, it is important to understand how these measures are related. Hypothesis/Purpose: To determine if relationships exist between the Lower Quarter Y-Balance Test (LQ-YBT) component scores, composite scores, and isokinetic knee strength in healthy, female athletes. Methods: Female adolescent athletes completed the LQ-YBT and isokinetic knee strength as a part of a comprehensive evaluation in competitive level athletes (Tegner activity scale≥7). LQ-YBT anterior, posteromedial, and posterolateral component scores for the each leg were normalized to leg length, and composite scores for each leg were calculated for each participant. Knee flexion/extension strength was collected at 120°/second using a Biodex System 4. Peak torque was normalized by body weight, and paired t-tests were used to compare legs ( α<0.05). Spearman correlation coefficients were calculated to test whether any LQ-YBT measures were associated to knee strength. Results: A total of 106 participants (age 13.8±2.4 years; BMI 20.2±3.0) were tested, and all were right leg dominant. No differences were found between LQ-YBT right and left component (Table 1), or composite scores (right 97.9 vs left 98.2, p=0.29). Flexion and extension strength were significantly increased on the right side ( p=0.02, <0.01 respectively). There were significant, weak to moderate correlations between all LQ-YBT scores (components and composite) versus knee flexion strength (r=0.26 to 0.40) (Table 2). Left knee extension strength was weakly correlated to left anterior and posteromedial component scores (r=0.24, 0.34 respectively), as well as the left composite score (r=0.29). Right knee extension strength was only correlated to the right posteromedial component score (r=0.21) and the right composite score (r=0.22). Conclusion: Weak to moderate relationships exist between both component and composite LQ-YBT scores and knee strength. The strongest correlations were found between the LQ-YBT composite scores and knee flexion strength. LQ-YBT composite scores were relatively high, indicating a low chance of injury while differences were seen in knee strength between legs. Future injury prevention programs would benefit from utilizing both tools as the Y-Balance test evaluates motor control and isokinetic strength identifies muscular imbalance, both of which are important in reducing future injury risk. Tables/Figures: [Table: see text][Table: see text]

scholarly journals Military Protein Intake Related to Strength and Fat Mass Independent of Energy Intake

2020 ◽  
Vol 185 (9-10) ◽  
pp. e1671-e1678
Author(s):  
Jeremy A Ross ◽  
D Travis Thomas ◽  
Joshua D Winters ◽  
Scott D Royer ◽  
Christopher J Halagarda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Intake ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Knee Flexion ◽  
Protein Intake ◽  
Performance Metrics ◽  
Knee Extension ◽  
Special Operations ◽  
Knee Extension Strength ◽  
Peak Knee ◽  
Flexion Strength

ABSTRACT Introduction Kinetic military units operate in austere training environments and deprivation not commonly experienced by competitive athletes. Nutritional strategies to protect against decrements in performance and potential injury risk may differ for these two groups. A cross sectional analysis was conducted to determine energy and macronutrient characteristics associated with performance metrics. Materials and Methods 78 male subjects (age: 28.4 ± 6.0 years, height: 178.3 ± 6.7 cm, mass: 84.3 ± 9.4 kg, 8.5 ± 5.8 years of service) assigned to Marine Corps Forces Special Operations Command completed a 1-day performance assessment. Body mass, lean body mass, fat mass (FM), aerobic capacity (VO2max), lactate inflection point (LT), anaerobic power, anaerobic capacity, knee flexion strength, knee extension strength, peak knee flexion strength, and peak knee extension strength outcome values were recorded. Dietary intake was collected using automated self-administered 24-hour dietary recall (ASA24). Performance assessment scores were compared with macronutrient intake and controlled for energy intake using analysis of covariance. Results Differences in knee flexion strength, knee extension strength, peak knee flexion strength, and peak knee extension strength were significant across low (LPRO), medium (MPRO), and high (HPRO) protein intake groups (p &lt; 0.05) with LPRO performance metrics significantly lower than both MPRO and HPRO and MPRO significantly lower than HPRO. FM was significantly higher in LPRO than MPRO or HPRO (p &lt; 0.05). Low carbohydrate intake (LCHO) was associated with greater body mass and FM compared with high (HCHO) (p &lt; 0.05). There was no association between fat intake and any variable. Conclusions Increases in protein intake may have beneficial performance effects independent of total energy intake, while moderate increases in carbohydrate intake may not be sufficient to enhance physical performance in a special operations population.

scholarly journals Functional Recovery after Revision Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction with a Second Autograft: A Matched Cohort Analysis in Adolescent Patients (197)

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (10_suppl5) ◽  
pp. 2325967121S0030
Author(s):  
Benjamin Wilson ◽  
Benton Heyworth ◽  
Ryan Coene ◽  
Dai Sugimoto ◽  
Lyle Micheli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Revision Surgery ◽  
Knee Flexion ◽  
Graft Failure ◽  
Cohort Analysis ◽  
Knee Extension ◽  
Muscle Group ◽  
Iliotibial Band ◽  
Return To Sports ◽  
Knee Extension Strength ◽  
Flexion Strength

Objectives: Young patients are the highest risk demographic for ACL graft failure and revision surgery. Previous studies have shown higher rates of graft failure with the use of allograft tissue for ACL reconstruction (ACLR) in both primary and revision surgeries. However, questions remain regarding the functional consequence of harvesting a second autograft from the ipsilateral knee for revision ACLR. The purpose of this study was to evaluate 6-month functional testing in patients who underwent revision ACLR with use of a second autograft from the ispilateral knee, when compared to matched cohorts of primary ACLR patients. Methods: A retrospective review of prospectively collected data from patients aged 19 or younger who underwent revision ACLR with a second autograft of an opposite muscle group (either revision patellar tendon (BTB) following primary hamstring (HS) or revision HS following primary BTB) at the study institution was performed. Exclusion criteria were patients who underwent iliotibial band autograft ACLR, those with two autografts from synergistic muscle groups, grafts from the contralateral knee, debilitating injury or surgery to the contralateral lower extremity, and multi-ligamentous knee injury. All subjects underwent functional return to sports (RTS) testing 5-8 months after revision surgery, which included anthropometric measures, isometric strength, Y-Balance, and functional hop testing. Side-to-side deficits were then compared using standard limb symmetry index (LSI) metrics, after matching a cohort of primary ACLR patients based on age, sex, and body mass index (BMI). Multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) was used to compare RTS metrics, and if significance was detected, pairwise comparison was performed by Bonferroni post-hoc correction. Statistical significance of p<0.05 was applied. Results: The cohort of 37 revision ACLR patients were compared to cohorts of 62 primary HS and 47 BTB ACLR patients, respectively (Table 1). The revision cohort showed comparable knee extension strength deficits to the BTB cohort (-9.45±12.09% vs -8.81±13.83%, p=0.999), which were significantly greater than that of the HS cohort (-9.45±12.09% vs -0.99±12.00%, p<0.05). Greater knee flexion strength deficits were seen in the HS cohort than the revision cohort (-38.90±16.21% vs -28.13±23.22%, p=0.009), whose deficits were, in kind, significantly greater than that of the BTB cohort (-28.13±23.22% vs -1.17±12.41%, p=0.001). The HS cohort also showed greater triple hop deficit (-21.08±25.99%) than the other two cohorts (-21.08±25.99% vs -10.75±12.85 vs -6.84±23.81, p=0.024), which were not significantly different from each other. Conclusions: After revision ACLR with a second autograft from the opposing muscle group of the ipsilateral knee, adolescents show similar knee extension strength deficits compared to primary ACLR patients with BTB grafts, but improved knee flexion strength deficits compared to primary ACLR patients with HS grafts.

scholarly journals FUNCTIONAL RECOVERY AFTER REVISION ACL RECONSTRUCTION WITH A SECOND AUTOGRAFT: A MATCHED COHORT ANALYSIS IN ADOLESCENT PATIENTS

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (7_suppl3) ◽  
pp. 2325967121S0010
Author(s):  
Benjamin R. Wilson ◽  
Benton E. Heyworth ◽  
Ryan P. Coene ◽  
Dai Sugimoto ◽  
Lyle J. Micheli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acl Reconstruction ◽  
Patellar Tendon ◽  
Revision Surgery ◽  
Knee Flexion ◽  
Graft Failure ◽  
Knee Extension ◽  
Iliotibial Band ◽  
Functional Testing ◽  
Knee Extension Strength ◽  
Flexion Strength

Background: Young patients are the highest risk demographic for ACL graft failure and revision surgery. Previous studies have shown higher rates of graft failure with the use of allograft tissue for ACL reconstruction (ACLR) in both primary and revision surgeries. However, questions remain regarding the functional consequence of taking a second autograft from the same knee for revision ACLR. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate 6-month functional testing in patients who underwent revision ACLR with a second autograft from the same knee compared to matched cohorts of primary ACL patients. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed prospectively collected data from patients aged 19 or younger who had revision ACLR with a second autograft at our institution. We excluded patients with iliotibial band autografts, two autografts from a synergistic muscle groups, or grafts from the contralateral knee. Patients with previous significant injury or surgery to the contralateral leg, and those with multiligamentous knee injuries were excluded. Patients underwent functional testing 5-8 months after revision surgery including anthropometric measures, isometric strength, Y-Balance, and hop testing. Side-to-side deficits were then compared to age, sex, and BMI matched cohorts of primary ACLR patients, with hamstring or patellar tendon autografts. Multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) was used, and if significance was detected, pairwise comparison was performed by Bonferroni post-hoc correction. Statistical significance of p<0.05 was applied. Results: Thirty-seven adolescents underwent functional testing at 6.25±0.56 months after revision ACLR with a second autograft. These patients were matched to 62 patients who underwent primary ACLR with hamstring autograft, and 47 who underwent ACLR with patellar tendon autograft (Table 1). Revision ACLR patients showed comparable knee extension strength deficits to the patellar tendon group (-9.45±12.09% vs -8.81±13.83%, p=0.999) which were significantly greater than hamstring group (-9.45±12.09% vs -0.99±12.00%, p<0.05). Greater strength deficits were seen in knee flexion strength in the hamstring group than the revision group (-38.90±16.21% vs -28.13±23.22%, p=0.009) which had significantly greater knee flexion strength deficits than the patellar tendon group (-28.13±23.22% vs -1.17±12.41%, p=0.001). The hamstring primary group also showed greater triple hop deficit (-21.08±25.99%) than the other two groups (-21.08±25.99% vs -10.75±12.85 vs -6.84±23.81, p=0.024), which were similar. Conclusions: After revision ACLR with a second autograft from the same knee, adolescents show similar knee extension strength deficits compared to primary ACL patients with patellar tendon grafts, but improved knee flexion strength deficits compared to primary ACL patients with hamstring grafts. Tables/Figures: [Table: see text]

scholarly journals A Prospective Clinical and Radiological Evaluation at 5 Years After Arthroscopic Matrix-Induced Autologous Chondrocyte Implantation

2016 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jay R. Ebert ◽  
Michael Fallon ◽  
David J. Wood ◽  
Gregory C. Janes
Keyword(s):  
Autologous Chondrocyte Implantation ◽  
Knee Extension ◽  
Composite Score ◽  
Physical Component Score ◽  
Knee Extension Strength ◽  
Sf 36 ◽  
Peak Knee ◽  
Chondrocyte Implantation ◽  
Minute Walk ◽  
Autologous Chondrocyte

Background: While midterm outcomes after matrix-induced autologous chondrocyte implantation (MACI) are encouraging, the procedure permits an arthroscopic approach that may reduce the morbidity of arthrotomy and permit accelerated rehabilitation. Hypothesis: A significant improvement in clinical and radiological outcomes after arthroscopic MACI will exist through to 5 years after surgery. Study Design: Case series; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: We prospectively evaluated the first 31 patients (15 male, 16 female) who underwent MACI via arthroscopic surgery to address symptomatic tibiofemoral chondral lesions. MACI was followed by a structured rehabilitation program in all patients. Clinical scores were administered preoperatively and at 3 and 6 months as well as 1, 2, and 5 years after surgery. These included the Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS), Lysholm knee scale (LKS), Tegner activity scale (TAS), visual analog scale for pain, Short Form–36 Health Survey (SF-36), active knee motion, and 6-minute walk test. Isokinetic dynamometry was used to assess peak knee extension and flexion strength and limb symmetry indices (LSIs) between the operated and nonoperated limbs. High-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed at 3 months and at 1, 2, and 5 years postoperatively to evaluate graft repair as well as calculate the MRI composite score. Results: There was a significant improvement ( P < .05) in all KOOS subscale scores, LKS and TAS scores, the SF-36 physical component score, pain frequency and severity, active knee flexion and extension, and 6-minute walk distance. Isokinetic knee extension strength significantly improved, and all knee extension and flexion LSIs were above 90% (apart from peak knee extension strength at 1 year). At 5 years, 93% of patients were satisfied with MACI to relieve their pain, 90% were satisfied with improving their ability to undertake daily activities, and 80% were satisfied with the improvement in participating in sport. Graft infill ( P = .033) and the MRI composite score ( P = .028) significantly improved over time, with 90% of patients demonstrating good to excellent tissue infill at 5 years. There were 2 graft failures at 5 years after surgery. Conclusion: The arthroscopically performed MACI technique demonstrated good clinical and radiological outcomes up to 5 years, with high levels of patient satisfaction.

scholarly journals Knee strength, hop performance and self-efficacy at 4 months are associated with symmetrical knee muscle function in young athletes 1 year after an anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. e000504 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susanne Beischer ◽  
Eric Hamrin Senorski ◽  
Christoffer Thomeé ◽  
Kristian Samuelsson ◽  
Roland Thomeé
Keyword(s):  
Acl Reconstruction ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Muscle Function ◽  
Knee Flexion ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Knee Extension ◽  
Young Athletes ◽  
Patient Demographics ◽  
Patient Reported ◽  
Flexion Strength

ObjectivesWe investigated whether patient demographics, 4-month patient-reported outcomes (PRO) and muscle function predicted young athletes regaining symmetrical muscle function in five tests of muscle function 1 year after ACL reconstruction.MethodsWe extracted data on patient demographics, PROs and the results of five tests of muscle function from a rehabilitation-specific register. Athletes were 15–30 years of age, involved in knee-strenuous sport and had undergone a primary ACL reconstruction. The primary outcome was achieving a Limb Symmetry Index of ≥90% for the battery of tests 1 year after ACL reconstruction. Patient demographics, muscle-function data and results for PROs at the 4-month follow-up were analysed.ResultsIn all, 237 athletes (59% female; mean age 22±4 years) were included in the study. One year after ACL reconstruction, 26% (62/237) of the included athletes had achieved symmetrical muscle function. Univariable analysis showed that symmetrical muscle function was associated with present self-efficacy, OR 1.28 (95% CI 1.04 to 1.58, p=0.011), knee-extension strength, OR 1.73 (95% CI 1.28 to 2.34), knee-flexion strength, OR 1.39 (95% CI 1.07 to 1.81), vertical hop, OR 1.77 (95% CI 1.27 to 2.45), single-leg hop for distance, OR 1.98 (95% CI 1.24 to 3.17) and side hop, OR 1.64 (95% CI 1.15 to 2.33).ConclusionSymmetrical knee-extension and knee-flexion strength, a more symmetrical hop performance and higher present self-efficacy at an early stage all increased the odds of achieving symmetrical muscle function in young athletes 1 year after ACL reconstruction.

scholarly journals Dynamic Balance in Athletes With Intellectual Disability: Effect of Dynamic Stretching and Plyometric Warm-Ups

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Ghada Jouira ◽  
Selim Srihi ◽  
Fatma Ben Waer ◽  
Haithem Rebai ◽  
Sonia Sahli
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Disability ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Dynamic Balance ◽  
Preventive Measure ◽  
Composite Score ◽  
Balance Test ◽  
Warm Up ◽  
Dynamic Stretching ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Composite Scores

Context: Athletes with intellectual disability (ID) have a high risk of injury while participating in various sports. Warm-up (WU) is the most preventive measure to reduce injuries in sports. Objective: To investigate the effects of dynamic stretching WU (DS-WU) and plyometric WU (PL-WU) on dynamic balance in athletes with ID. Design: Crossover study. Setting: Research laboratory. Participants: A total of 12 athletes with ID (age 24.5 [3.22] y, height 165.7 [8.4] cm, weight 61.5 [7.1] kg, intelligence quotient 61.1 [3.5]). Main Outcome Measures: Dynamic balance was assessed using the Star Excursion Balance Test (SEBT) at pre-WU, post-WU, and 15 minutes post-WU for both the DS-WU and the PL-WU. A 2-way analysis of variance (3 sessions × 2 WU methods) with repeated-measures was used in this study. Results: Following the DS-WU, participants demonstrated significant improvements in the SEBT composite score post-WU (89.12% [5.54%] vs 87.04% [5.35%]; P < .01) and at 15 minutes post-WU (89.55% [5.28%] vs 87.04%, P < .01) compared with pre-WU. However, no significant difference between these two post-WU scores (post-WU and 15 min post-WU) was found. For the PL-WU, participants demonstrated a significant decrease in the SEBT composite score at post-WU (85.95% [5.49%] vs 87.02% [5.73%]; P < .05); however, these scores increased significantly at 15 minutes post-WU (88.60% [5.42%] vs 87.02% [5.49%]; P < .05) compared with that at pre-WU. The SEBT composite scores are significantly higher in the DS-WU than in the PL-WU at both post-WU sessions (P < .05). Conclusion: Both DS-WU and PL-WU could improve dynamic balance and may be recommended as WUs in athletes with ID; however, particular caution should be exercised immediately after the PL-WU.

Relationship between Hip and Knee Strength and Knee Valgus during a Single Leg Squat

2006 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tina L. Claiborne ◽  
Charles W. Armstrong ◽  
Varsha Gandhi ◽  
Danny M. Pincivero
Keyword(s):  
Knee Flexion ◽  
Frontal Plane ◽  
Peak Torque ◽  
Knee Extension ◽  
Valgus Knee ◽  
Knee Motion ◽  
Knee Strength ◽  
Flexion Extension ◽  
Hip Abduction ◽  
Single Leg Squat

The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between hip and knee strength, and valgus knee motion during a single leg squat. Thirty healthy adults (15 men, 15 women) stood on their preferred foot, squatted to approximately 60 deg of knee flexion, and returned to the standing position. Frontal plane knee motion was evaluated using 3-D motion analysis. During Session 2, isokinetic (60 deg/sec) concentric and eccentric hip (abduction/adduction, flexion/extension, and internal/external rotation) and knee (flexion/extension) strength was evaluated. The results demonstrated that hip abduction (r2= 0.13), knee flexion (r2= 0.18), and knee extension (r2= 0.14) peak torque were significant predictors of frontal plane knee motion. Significant negative correlations showed that individuals with greater hip abduction (r= –0.37), knee flexion (r= –0.43), and knee extension (r= –0.37) peak torque exhibited less motion toward the valgus direction. Men exhibited significantly greater absolute peak torque for all motions, excluding eccentric internal rotation. When normalized to body mass, men demonstrated significantly greater strength than women for concentric hip adduction and flexion, knee flexion and extension, and eccentric hip extension. The major findings demonstrate a significant role of hip muscle strength in the control of frontal plane knee motion.

Difference in Functional Performance on the Upper-Quarter Y-Balance Test Between High School Baseball Players and Wrestlers

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 253-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heather Myers ◽  
Mary Poletti ◽  
Robert J. Butler
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Functional Performance ◽  
Kinetic Chain ◽  
Balance Test ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Baseball Players ◽  
Closed Chain ◽  
The Right ◽  
Composite Scores

Context:The Upper Quarter Y-Balance Test (YBT-UQ) is a unique movement test where individuals perform at the limits of their stability, requiring the coordination of balance, proprioception, range of motion, and stabilization. It is not yet clear if performance on the YBT-UQ differs between sports with dissimilar emphasis on upper-extremity performance.Objective:To compare performance on the YBT-UQ between wrestlers, whose sport requires some degree of closed-chain activity, and baseball players, whose sport is primarily open kinetic chain in nature.Design:Cross-sectional.Setting:High school preparticipation physical assessment.Participants:24 healthy high school male wrestlers (mean age 16.12 ± 1.24 y) and 24 healthy high school male baseball players (mean age 15.79 ± 1.25 y).Interventions:All subjects performed the YBT-UQ, which requires reaching in 3 directions while maintaining a push-up position.Main Outcome Measures:The variables of interest include the maximum reach in each direction, as well as the composite score. In addition, asymmetries between limbs for each reach direction were compared.Results:Wrestlers performed significantly better than baseball players in the medial direction, inferolateral direction, and in composite scores. In the medial direction, wrestlers exhibited greater scores (P < .01) on both left and right limbs, 10.5 ± 10.2%LL and 9.95 ± 10.2%LL, respectively. Significant differences (P < .01) were also observed in the inferolateral direction, with a difference of 11.3 ± 12.0%LL on the left and 8.7 ± 11.0%LL on the right. Composite scores were higher (P < .01) for the wrestlers, with a difference of 7.0% on the left and 7.1% on the right.Conclusions:This study suggests that wrestlers perform better on the YBT-UQ than baseball players. The findings may suggest sport-specific normative data for the YBT-UQ in high school athletes.

scholarly journals Effects of Hip Flexion on Knee Extension and Flexion Isokinetic Angle-Specific Torques and HQ-Ratios

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Baumgart ◽  
Eduard Kurz ◽  
Jürgen Freiwald ◽  
Matthias Wilhelm Hoppe
Keyword(s):  
Hip Joint ◽  
Knee Flexion ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Knee Extension ◽  
Flexion Angle ◽  
Strength Testing ◽  
Knee Strength ◽  
Sporting Activities ◽  
Torque Values ◽  
Hip Flexion

Abstract Background and Methods During isokinetic knee strength testing, the knee flexion angles that correspond to the measured torque values are rarely considered. Additionally, the hip flexion angle during seated testing diverges from that in the majority of daily life and sporting activities. Limited information concerning the influence of hip angle, muscle contraction mode, and velocity on the isokinetic knee strength over the entire range of motion (ROM) is available. Twenty recreational athletes (10 females, 10 males; 23.3 ± 3.2 years; 72.1 ± 16.5 kg; 1.78 ± 0.07 m) were tested for isokinetic knee flexion and extension at 10° and 90° hip flexion with the following conditions: (i) concentric at 60°/s, (ii) concentric at 180°/s, and (iii) eccentric at 60°/s. The effects of hip angle, contraction mode, and velocity on angle-specific torques and HQ-ratios as well as conventional parameters (peak torques, angles at peak torque, and HQ-ratios) were analyzed using statistical parametric mapping and parametric ANOVAs, respectively. Results Generally, the angle-specific and conventional torques and HQ-ratios were lower in the extended hip compared to a flexed hip joint. Thereby, in comparison to the knee extension, the torque values decreased to a greater extent during knee flexion but not consistent over the entire ROM. The torque values were greater at the lower velocity and eccentric mode, but the influence of the velocity and contraction mode were lower at shorter and greater muscle lengths, respectively. Conclusions Isokinetic knee strength is influenced by the hip flexion angle. Therefore, a seated position during testing and training is questionable, because the hip joint is rarely flexed at 90° during daily life and sporting activities. Maximum knee strength is lower in supine position, which should be considered for training and testing. The angle-specific effects cannot be mirrored by the conventional parameters. Therefore, angle-specific analyses are recommended to obtain supplemental information and consequently to improve knee strength testing.

scholarly journals CORRELATIONS BETWEEN FUNCTIONAL TESTING AND THE PEDI-CHAMP© AGILITY TEST IN YOUTH ATHLETES

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (7_suppl3) ◽  
pp. 2325967121S0013
Author(s):  
Kirsten Tulchin-Francis ◽  
Sophia Ulman
Keyword(s):  
Sports Medicine ◽  
Clinical Performance ◽  
Composite Score ◽  
Functional Evaluation ◽  
Functional Testing ◽  
Balance Test ◽  
Youth Athletes ◽  
Older Youth ◽  
High Level ◽  
Composite Scores

Background: The Pediatric Comprehensive High-Level Activity Mobility Predictor (Pedi-CHAMP©) is a 4-part agility test which assesses balance, lateral agility, directional changes, and acceleration/deceleration. Designed to assess children with orthopedic conditions or sports medicine injuries, it is unclear if the agility assessed with the Pedi-CHAMP© correlates to other clinical performance measures in uninjured healthy youth athletes. Hypothesis/Purpose: To determine if the Pedi-CHAMP component (Single-Limb-Stance [SLS], modified Edgren Side Step [mESS], L-Test, Illinois Agility Test [IAT]) and composite scores are correlated to the Lower Quarter Y-Balance Test (LQ-YBT) and sprint speed. Methods: Uninjured youth athletes were recruited to undergo a battery of tests as part of the Specialized Athlete Functional Evaluation (SAFE) Program. Completion times for each component of Pedi-CHAMP© were converted to points using age-sex matched scoring algorithms. Each participant completed the LQ-YBT and a single repetition of 10m and 20m sprints. Spearman correlations assessed relationships between the Pedi-CHAMP© component and composite scores and the LQ-YBT components, LQ-YBT composite score, and sprint times. Results: Forty-two, right-leg dominant youth athletes (30F, age:13.9±2.6yrs; BMI:20.±3.1) completed functional testing. 62% of participants specialized in a single sport and 83% participated in high-impact sports. There were no significant correlations between the SLS component score and functional tests (Table 1). While the posteromedial and posterolateral components of the LQ-YBT showed significant, fair correlations to the mESS (PM:r=0.338, PL:r=0.379), L-Test (PL only:r=0.374), IAT (PM:r=0.307, PL:r=0.407) and Pedi-CHAMP© composite scores (PM:r=0.370, PL:r=0.361), the anterior component and LQ-YBT composite scores were not significantly correlated to the Pedi-CHAMP©. There were strong correlations between the 10m and 20m sprints and the mESS (10m:r=-0.660, 20m:r=-0.693), L-Test (10m:r=-0.663, 20m:r=-0.736), IAT (10m:r=-0.704, 20m:r=-0.693) and Pedi-CHAMP© composite score (10m:r=-0.617, 20m:r=-0.678, all p<0.001). Conclusion: Performance on the mESS, L-Test, and IAT components of the Pedi-CHAMP© correlated to sprint times and posterior components of the LQ-YBT. The SLS component of the Pedi-CHAMP© may not be challenging enough for the older youth athlete, as this simple 30sec single limb balance test was designed for children with injuries or underlying orthopedic conditions. Replacing the SLS with one or more LQ-YBT components may be more appropriate for uninjured youth, particularly elite athletes. It is not surprising that forward sprint speeds were highly correlated with the agility portions of the Pedi-CHAMP© in this cohort of relatively high-level youth athletes. Future work should focus on evaluating the ability of the Pedi-CHAMP© to detect differences based on sport. Tables/Figures: [Table: see text]

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