Modelling Forest Stand Biomass and Net Primary Production with the Focus on Additive Models Sensitive to Climate Variables for Two-needled Pines in Eurasia

Abstract Gross primary production (GPP) is partitioned to autotrophic respiration (Ra) and net primary production (NPP), the latter being used to build plant tissues and synthesize non-structural and secondary compounds. Waring et al. (1998; Net primary production of forests: a constant fraction of gross primary production? Tree Physiol 18:129–134) suggested that a NPP:GPP ratio of 0.47 ± 0.04 (SD) is universal across biomes, tree species and stand ages. Representing NPP in models as a fixed fraction of GPP, they argued, would be both simpler and more accurate than trying to simulate Ra mechanistically. This paper reviews progress in understanding the NPP:GPP ratio in forests during the 20 years since the Waring et al. paper. Research has confirmed the existence of pervasive acclimation mechanisms that tend to stabilize the NPP:GPP ratio and indicates that Ra should not be modelled independently of GPP. Nonetheless, studies indicate that the value of this ratio is influenced by environmental factors, stand age and management. The average NPP:GPP ratio in over 200 studies, representing different biomes, species and forest stand ages, was found to be 0.46, consistent with the central value that Waring et al. proposed but with a much larger standard deviation (±0.12) and a total range (0.22–0.79) that is too large to be disregarded.

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Edaphic and climatic effects on forest stand development, net primary production, and net ecosystem productivity simulated for Coastal Plain loblolly pine in Virginia

Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres ◽

10.1029/2006jg000270 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 113 (G1) ◽

pp. n/a-n/a ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

D. A. Sampson ◽

R. H. Wynne ◽

J. R. Seiler

Keyword(s):

Primary Production ◽

Loblolly Pine ◽

Coastal Plain ◽

Net Primary Production ◽

Forest Stand ◽

Stand Development ◽

Net Ecosystem Productivity ◽

Ecosystem Productivity ◽

Climatic Effects

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Assessing Summertime Primary Production Required in Changed Marine Environments in Upwelling Ecosystems Around the Taiwan Bank

Remote Sensing ◽

10.3390/rs13040765 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (4) ◽

pp. 765

Author(s):

Po-Yuan Hsiao ◽

Teruhisa Shimada ◽

Kuo-Wei Lan ◽

Ming-An Lee ◽

Cheng-Hsin Liao

Keyword(s):

Primary Production ◽

Climatic Factors ◽

Southern Oscillation ◽

Net Primary Production ◽

Additive Models ◽

Fishing Ground ◽

Marine Environments ◽

Benthic Species ◽

Fishery Resource ◽

Pelagic Species

The Taiwan Bank (TB) is located in the southern Taiwan Strait, where the marine environments are affected by South China Sea Warm Current and Kuroshio Branch Current in summer. The bottom water flows upward along the edge of the continental shelf, forming an upwelling region that is an essential high-productivity fishing ground. Using trophic dynamic theory, fishery resources can be converted into primary production required (PPR) by primary production, which indicates the environmental tolerance of marine ecosystems. This study calculated the PPR of benthic and pelagic species, sea surface temperature (SST), upwelling size, and net primary production (NPP) to analyze fishery resource structure and the spatial distribution of PPR in upwelling, non-upwelling, and thermal front (frontal) areas of the TB in summer. Pelagic species, predominated by those in the Scombridae, Carangidae families and Trachurus japonicus, accounted for 77% of PPR (67% of the total catch). The benthic species were dominated by Mene maculata and members of the Loliginidae family. The upwelling intensity was the strongest in June and weakest in August. Generalized additive models revealed that the benthic species PPR in frontal habitats had the highest deviance explained (28.5%). Moreover, frontal habitats were influenced by NPP, which was also the main factor affecting the PPR of benthic species in all three habitats. Pelagic species were affected by high NPP, as well as low SST and negative values of the multivariate El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) index in upwelling habitats (16.9%) and non-upwelling habitats (11.5%). The composition of pelagic species varied by habitat; this variation can be ascribed to impacts from the ENSO. No significant differences were noted in benthic species composition. Overall, pelagic species resources are susceptible to climate change, whereas benthic species are mostly insensitive to climatic factors and are more affected by NPP.

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