Muscle strain and perceived exertion in patient handling with and without a transferring aid

2005 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 185-197
Author(s):  
Kamal Kothiyal ◽  
Tai Wai Yuen
Keyword(s):  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Muscular Activity ◽  
Trapezius Muscle ◽  
Erector Spinae ◽  
The Other ◽  
Positive Outcomes ◽  
Muscle Strain ◽  
Patient Handling ◽  
Lumbar Flexion ◽  
Lower Back

This study presents the results of an evaluation of a patient handling aid commonly used for transferring patients from bed to toilet or other type of chairs. The results of the study showed that use of the patient handling aid (sling) increased the rate of perceived exertion at the lower back and the shoulder. Investigation of the muscular activity using electromyography in the shoulder and the lower back regions revealed that there was significant increase in the erector spinae activity in the lower back region. The increase in the back strain in the sling transfer was related to the increase in lumbar flexion resulting from the relatively smaller size of the sling. Trapezius muscle on the other hand did not indicate any difference in activity. The results of this study indicate that for positive outcomes there is a need for ergonomic evaluation of the sling and the postures adopted by the patient handler while transferring the patient with the sling.

Manual Handling in Nursing Jobs: An Ergonomic Study of a Patient Transferring Aid

2000 ◽  
Vol 44 (30) ◽  
pp. 5-610-5-610
Author(s):  
K. Kothiyal ◽  
T. W. Yuen
Keyword(s):  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Muscular Activity ◽  
Patient Handling ◽  
Lower Back ◽  
Rate Of Perceived Exertion ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Manual Handling

This study presents the results of an ergonomics evaluation of a patient handling aid commonly used for transferring patients. The results of the study showed that use of the patient handling aid (Medesign) increased the rate of perceived exertion at the lower back and the shoulder but did not indicate any significant difference in the muscular activity in the regions. It is suggested that users' anthropometry should be considered in designing a patient handling aid.

scholarly journals Ergonomic Mechanical Design and Assessment of a Waist Assist Exoskeleton for Reducing Lumbar Loads During Lifting Task

Micromachines ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 463 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xu Yong ◽  
Zefeng Yan ◽  
Can Wang ◽  
Chao Wang ◽  
Nan Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Design ◽  
Muscular Activity ◽  
Erector Spinae ◽  
Measurement Unit ◽  
Industrial Workers ◽  
Repetitive Lifting ◽  
Lower Back ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
Lifting Task

The purpose of this study was to develop a wearable waist exoskeleton to provide back support for industrial workers during repetitive lifting tasks and to assess reductions in back muscular activity. The ergonomic mechanical structure is convenient to employ in different applications. The exoskeleton attaches to the wearer’s body with 4 straps, takes only 30 s to put the exoskeleton on without additional help, weighs just 5 kg and is easy to carry. The mechanical clutch can assist the wearer as needed. Inertia Measurement Unit (IMU) was used to detect wearers’ motion intention. Ten subjects participated in the trial. Lower back muscle integrated electromyography (IEMG) of the left and right lumbar erector spinae (LES), thoracic erector spinae (TES), latissimus dorsi (LD) were compared in symmetrical lifting for six different objects (0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 kg) under two conditions of with and without the exoskeleton. The exoskeleton significantly reduced the back muscular activity during repetitive lifting tasks. The average integrated electromyography reductions were 34.0%, 33.9% and 24.1% for LES, TES and LD respectively. The exoskeleton can reduce burden and the incidence of strain on lumbar muscles during long-term lifting work.

scholarly journals Impact of load expectations on neuromuscular and postural strategies during a freestyle lifting task in individuals with and without chronic low back pain

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. e0246791
Author(s):  
Catherine Daneau ◽  
Charles Tétreau ◽  
Thomas Deroche ◽  
Camille Mainville ◽  
Vincent Cantin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Back Pain ◽  
Back Pain ◽  
Chronic Low Back Pain ◽  
Muscle Activation ◽  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Center Of Pressure ◽  
Erector Spinae ◽  
Low Back ◽  
Lumbar Flexion ◽  
Lifting Task

Objective This study aimed to investigate how load expectations modulate neuromuscular and postural strategies in the anticipation of a freestyle lifting task with varying expected loads in individuals with and without chronic low back pain (cLBP). Methods Forty-seven participants, 28 with cLBP pain and 19 without, were recruited and completed a series of freestyle lifting trials (3 sets of box lifted for a total of 36 lifts). Verbal cues were used to modulate their expectations about the boxes’ weight: no expectation, lighter or heavier load expectations. Following each set, participants rated their perceived exertion on a visual analog scale. During the lifting protocol, kinematics (time to maximal flexion, angular velocity and joint angles), electromyography muscle activity (erector spinae and quadriceps) and center of pressure displacement were simultaneously recorded. Results Results showed that time to maximal knee flexion was modulated by load expectations in both groups (mean lighter load expectations = 1.15 ± 0.32 sec.; mean heavier load expectations = 1.06 ± 0.31 sec.). Results also showed a load expectations X group interaction for that time to maximal hip and lumbar flexion. Time to maximal hip flexion decreased with heavier load expectations (mean lighter load expectations = 1.20 ± 0.36; mean heavier load expectations = 1.16 ± 0.33) for cLBP only. Time to maximal lumbar flexion increased with heavier load expectation (mean lighter load expectations = 1.41 ± 0.27 sec.; mean lighter load expectations = 1.46 ± 0.29 sec.) for participants without LBP. However, no difference in lumbar, hip nor knee angles were observed between groups or conditions. Results highlighted significant load expectation effects for erector spinae electromyography activity, as lower muscle activations was observed for both groups with heavier load expectations (mean = 0.32 ± 0.15), compared to lighter load expectations (mean = 0.52 ± 0.27). Force plates analyses did not reveal any significant load expectation effects. Conclusion Present findings showed that load expectations modulate movement strategies and muscle activation similarly but not identically in individuals with chronic low back pain and healthy adults during freestyle lifting. Results of the present study partially differ from previous studies and suggest only minor differences in lifting strategies between healthy individuals and individuals with cLBP experiencing low level of pain and disability. More studies are needed to investigate the potential role of load expectations in the development and persistence of chronic low back pain.

scholarly journals Comparison of Muscle Activity in Three Single-Joint, Hip Extension Exercises in Resistance-Trained Women

2021 ◽  
pp. 181-187
Author(s):  
Vidar Andersen ◽  
Helene Pedersen ◽  
Marius Steiro Fimland ◽  
Matthew Shaw ◽  
Tom Erik Jorung Solstad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lower Limb ◽  
Muscle Activity ◽  
Gluteus Maximus ◽  
Biceps Femoris ◽  
Erector Spinae ◽  
The Other ◽  
Neuromuscular Activation ◽  
Lower Back ◽  
Hip Extension ◽  
Different Parts

The aim of the study was to compare neuromuscular activation in the gluteus maximus, the biceps femoris and the erector spinae from the Romanian deadlift, the 45-degree Roman chair back extension and the seated machine back extension. Fifteen resistance-trained females performed three repetitions with 6-RM loading in all exercises in a randomized and counterbalanced order. The activation in the whole movement as well as its lower and upper parts were analyzed. The results showed that the Romanian deadlift and the Roman chair back extension activated the gluteus maximus more than the seated machine back extension (94-140%, p < 0.01). For the biceps femoris the Roman chair elicited higher activation compared to both the Romanian deadlift and the seated machine back extension (71-174%). Further, the Romanian deadlift activated the biceps femoris more compared to the seated machine back extension (61%, p < 0.01). The analyses of the different parts of the movement showed that the Roman chair produced higher levels of activation in the upper part for both the gluteus maximus and the biceps femoris, compared to the other exercises. There were no differences in activation of the erector spinae between the three exercises (p = 1.00). In conclusion, both the Roman deadlift and the Roman chair back extension would be preferable to the seated machine back extension in regards to gluteus maximus activation. The Roman chair was superior in activating the biceps femoris compared to the two other exercises. All three exercises are appropriate selections for activating the lower back muscles. For overall lower limb activation, the Roman chair was the best exercise.

scholarly journals Antibody-Mediated Rejection and Recurrent Primary Disease: Two Main Obstacles in Abdominal Kidney, Liver, and Pancreas Transplants

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (22) ◽  
pp. 5417
Author(s):  
Tsukasa Nakamura ◽  
Takayuki Shirouzu
Keyword(s):  
Organ Transplantation ◽  
Recent Progress ◽  
The Other ◽  
Positive Outcomes ◽  
Specific Antibodies ◽  
Antibody Mediated Rejection ◽  
Primary Disease ◽  
Liver And Pancreas ◽  
Donor Specific Antibodies ◽  
Kidney Liver

The advances in acute phase care have firmly established the practice of organ transplantation in the last several decades. Then, the next issues that loom large in the field of transplantation include antibody-mediated rejection (ABMR) and recurrent primary disease. Acute ABMR is a daunting hurdle in the performance of organ transplantation. The recent progress in desensitization and preoperative monitoring of donor-specific antibodies enables us to increase positive outcomes. However, chronic active ABMR is one of the most significant problems we currently face. On the other hand, recurrent primary disease is problematic for many recipients. Notably, some recipients, unfortunately, lost their vital organs due to this recurrence. Although some progress has been achieved in these two areas, many other factors remain largely obscure. In this review, these two topics will be discussed in light of recent discoveries.

scholarly journals Comparison of Flexion Relaxation Phenomenon Between Female Yogis and Matched Non- Athlete Group

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marzyeh Ramezani ◽  
Amin Kordi Yoosefinejad ◽  
Alireza Motealleh ◽  
Mohsen Ghofrani-Jahromi
Keyword(s):  
Erector Spinae ◽  
Relaxation Phenomenon ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Trunk Flexion ◽  
Lumbar Flexion ◽  
Trunk Inclination ◽  
Forward Bending ◽  
Flexion Relaxation Phenomenon ◽  
Flexion Relaxation ◽  
Yoga Practitioners

Abstract Background: Trunk flexion is a common exercise during daily activities. Flexion relaxation phenomenon (FRP) occurs during forward bending in which there is a sudden silence of erector spinae (ES) muscles. The pattern of forward bending differs in yoga practitioners. This learned pattern probably predisposes yogis to injuries.The hypothesis of this study was that FRP differs in yogis in comparison to non-yogis individuals.Methods: This observational cross-sectional study was performed on 60 women assigned into yogis and non-athlete groups. Each participant was asked to bend forward and then return to the initial position. ES activity was recorded at L3 level, 4 cm from mid line during the trial. Trunk inclination and lumbar flexion angles were calculated at FRP onset and cessation moments. Results: The FRP phenomenon occurred in 80% of yoga practitioners in comparison to 96.7% in the control group. Trunk inclination angle was significantly greater at FRP initiation in yogis compared to control group. Lumbar flexion angle was not different between the groups. Conclusions: It is concluded that the altered pattern of forward bending observed in yogis may change patterns of ES muscles activity if it becomes part of a person's daily lifestyle which might predispose these muscles to fatigue and subsequent injuries.

Unfortunately, Ambiguities Still Abound in How We Conceptualize Corporate Social Responsibility

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 379-383 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paresh Mishra ◽  
Gordon B. Schmidt
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Social Responsibility ◽  
Social Responsibility ◽  
The Other ◽  
Organizational Success ◽  
Positive Outcomes ◽  
Corporate Social ◽  
Product Strategies ◽  
A Company

The idea of embedded versus peripheral corporate social responsibility (CSR) proposed by Aguinis and Glavas (2013) appears to be very intuitive and functional. After all, who can on face deny the argument that CSR will have the maximum positive outcomes when it is not just an add-on but is thoroughly integrated into the strategies, routines, and operations of the business? However, on closer inspection, there appear to be several problems with the embedded–peripheral dichotomy. Three major ambiguities of the embedded–peripheral dichotomy are focused on in this commentary. The first lies in the potential for significant ambiguity in whether a company falls in one category or the other based on how the totality of the organization's operations and functions are categorized. A company can have CSR built into their operations and strategies for part of their business (embedded) while have them not be built into their operations for different aspects of the operations or product strategies. The second ambiguity area is how CSR actions get defined as peripheral or embedded that does fit well with the actual importance level of the action to the organization. We look at an organization example (TOM Shoes) where peripheral CSR actions have significant impact on organizational success.

Zimmer Frame Use and Back Strain Analysis Using a Finite Element Model

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sydney Harwood ◽  
Parisa Saboori
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Chronic Back Pain ◽  
Large Strain ◽  
Strain Analysis ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Erector Spinae ◽  
Aging Effects ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Frame Design ◽  
Lower Back

Abstract The current walking frame used by the elderly has several design issues that can cause long term health problems. One of these problems is the development of chronic pain in the lower back. The design of the current walking frame promotes a slumping posture that causes a curvature in the spine. This curvature results in a large strain in the lower back muscles, specifically the erector spinae. The goal of this research was to design a new walking frame that would be more structurally sound and more practical to use than the present walking frame design. In this study, two literature searches were performed. The first was to explore how aging effects the ability to walk. The second involved studying all of the existing walking devices and analyzing their design strengths and weaknesses. As a result of these studies, three new preliminary walking frame designs were considered that promoted better posture when used, and provided more support than does the present walking frame design. These new designs were considered and tested using a finite element analysis (FEA). From this FEA, it was determined that the new walking frame design resulted in less stress in the lower back than does the present walking frame design. It was therefore concluded that the new model has the potential to decease chronic back pain.

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