scholarly journals CHEMICAL PROPERTIES AND PHYSICAL FRACTIONS OF ORGANIC MATTER IN OXISOLS UNDER INTEGRATED AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION SYSTEMS

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 81-89
Author(s):  
Carlos Augusto Rocha De Moraes Rego ◽  
Paulo Sérgio Rabello de Oliveira ◽  
Jeferson Tiago Piano ◽  
Jonas Francisco Egewarth ◽  
Vanessa Aline Egewarth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Native Forest ◽  
Organic Carbon Content ◽  
Reference Areas ◽  
Agricultural Production Systems

The main cause of decreased soil fertility and soil organic matter content is intensive crop farming with inadequate management. This study aimed to evaluate soil chemical properties, total organic carbon content, physical granulometric fractions (particulate organic carbon and mineral-associated organic carbon), carbon stocks, and carbon management indices of oxisols in different integrated agricultural production systems (IAPSs) with reference to values in a haymaking area and native forest. The experiments were performed using completely randomized design, considering nine differently managed areas, including seven IAPSs and two reference areas (haymaking area and native forest); four soil samples from the 0.00-0.05, 0.05-0.10, and 0.10-0.20 m layers were randomly collected from each area and the abovementioned variables were evaluated. The results showed no differences in variables between the managed and reference areas, indicating the maintenance of fertility and carbon fractions. Therefore, the tested management strategies promote beneficial modifications of soil properties. Producers should adopt different IAPS management strategies for soil preservation.

scholarly journals Organic Matter Fractions and Carbon Management Index in Oxisol Under Integrated Agricultural Production Systems

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Augusto Rocha De Moraes Rego ◽  
Paulo Sérgio Rabello de Oliveira ◽  
Jeferson Tiago Piano ◽  
Jean Sérgio Rosset ◽  
Jonas Francisco Egewarth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Fulvic Acids ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Native Forest ◽  
Carbon Management ◽  
Carbon Management Index ◽  
Reference Areas ◽  
Agricultural Production Systems

This work aimed to evaluate the oxidizable and chemical fractions of organic matter and the carbon management index in different integrated agricultural production systems, hay production and native forest areas in an Oxisol. Nine areas with different management systems were evaluated being six managements of the combination between different oat density (40 and 60 kg ha-1) and grazing frequencies (0, 1 and 2) in autumn-winter and soybean succession in spring-summer, one with natural reseeding ryegrass and forage turnip in autumn-winter and soybean succession in spring-summer and two reference areas. In each soil management systems were collected soil samples composite in the 0-5, 5-10 and 10-20 cm layers and determined the Total Organic Carbon (TOC), humic substances (Fulvic Acids - FA, Humic Acids - HA and humin - HUM), the carbon in the oxidizable fractions (F1, F2, F3 and F4) and Carbon Management Index (CMI). Were observed that chemical, oxidizable fractions and CMI, do not have significant differences between with the various managements each other. For TOC, HA, HUM, F1, F3, F4 and CMI, the managements did not differ from the reference areas indicating maintenance of soil carbon.

Distribution of organic matter fractions of an Oxisol under different integrated agricultural production systems. 

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan López de Herrera ◽  
Carlos Augusto Rocha de Moraes Rego ◽  
Paulo Sergio Rabello de Oliveira ◽  
Eloisa Mattei ◽  
Antonio Saa-Requejo
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Livestock Grazing ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Native Forest ◽  
Organic Matter Fractions ◽  
Agricultural Production Systems

<p><strong>Distribution of organic matter fractions of an Oxisol under different integrated agricultural production systems. </strong></p><p>AUTHORS Juan López-Herrera, Augusto Rocha de Moraes Rego, Paulo Sergio Rabello de Oliveira, Eloisa Mattei, Antonio Saa-Requejo.</p><p>E-mail: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected]</p><p><strong>Abstract</strong></p><p>The declining organic matter content (OM) in agricultural soils is due mainly to poor agricultural management as soil fertility is closely related to OM. This work studies the variation in the different fractions of the OM in 7 plots with different agronomic management following integrated agricultural production system (IAPS) with different type of management. Six plots presented two crops per year, one of oats grown in autumn-winter and then soybeans grown in spring-summer. Seed doses per hectare and the management of livestock grazing were different among them. The seventh plot had a natural resection of rye and forage turnip during the winter, with succession of soybeans in spring-summer. Two reference plots were selected with hay and native forest production. These IAPS were compared at two areas, haymaking area and native forest, classified as Oxisols.</p><p>In each plot, random samples were analyzed at three different soil horizons, between 0.00-0.05, 0.05-0.10 and 0.10-0.20 m. Based on the soil samples the following parameters were measured: Total Organic Carbon (TOC), Particulate Organic Carbon (POC) associated with sand fraction, carbon stock (TOCst), mineral-associated organic carbon (MOC) associated with silt and clay, and humic substances (Fulvic Acids FA, Humic Acids HA and humin HUM). The relationship between these seven carbon indices and the seven IAPS were statistically analyzed using Tocher's multivariate non-hierarchical grouping methods.</p><p>The results pointed out that the different fractions of MO minus AH have a positive correlation in the three layers studied compared to the native forest. Therefore, IAPS management strategies promote beneficial modifications to soil properties and are beneficial for soil preservation. The management systems studied can serve as options for producers who wish to replace exclusive hay production with integration between crops and livestock in an Oxisol area similar to this one. Finally, the adoption of these management systems can lead to better soil preservation and increased economic benefits.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Keywords:</strong> integrated crop-livestock system, soil management, fractions of soil organic matter.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Reference</strong></p><p>REGO, C. A. R. M.; OLIVEIRA, P. S. R.; PIANO, J. T.; ROSSET, J.S.; EGEWARTH, J. F.; MATTEI, E.; SAMPAIO, M. C.; LOPEZ-HERRERA, J.; GONÇALVES JUNIOR, A. C. (2020). Chemical properties and physical fractions of organic matter in oxisols under integrated agricultural production systems. Revista de Agricultura. Neotropical, Cassilândia-MS, v. 7, n. 3, p. 81-89, jul./set. 2020. ISSN 2358-6303.</p><p> </p><p>REGO, C. A. R. M.; OLIVEIRA, P. S. R.; PIANO, J. T.; EGEWARTH, J. F.; EGEWARTH, V. A.; LOPEZ-HERRERA, J. (2020). Organic Matter Fractions and Carbon Management Index in Oxisol Under Integrated Agricultural Production Systems. Journal of Agricultural Studies, 2020, Vol. 8, No. 3 ISSN 2166-0379 https://doi.org/10.5296/jas.v8i3.16325</p><p> </p>

scholarly journals Effect of Tillage System and Organic Matter Management Interactions on Soil Chemical Properties and Biological Activity in a Spring Wheat Short-Time Cultivation

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (21) ◽  
pp. 7451
Author(s):  
Barbara Breza-Boruta ◽  
Karol Kotwica ◽  
Justyna Bauza-Kaszewska
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Biological Activity ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Organic Carbon Content ◽  
Tillage System ◽  
Short Time

Properly selected tillage methods and management of the available organic matter resources are considered important measures to enable farming in accordance with the principles of sustainable agriculture. Depending on the depth and intensity of cultivation, tillage practices affect soil chemical composition, structure and biological activity. The three-year experiment was performed on the soil under spring wheat (cv. Tybalt) short-time cultivation. The influence of different tillage systems and stubble management on the soil’s chemical and biological parameters was analyzed. Organic carbon content (OC); content of biologically available phosphorus (Pa), potassium (Ka), and magnesium (Mg); content of total nitrogen (TN), mineral nitrogen forms: N-NO3 and N-NH4 were determined in various soil samples. Moreover, the total number of microorganisms (TNM), bacteria (B), actinobacteria (A), fungi (F); soil respiratory activity (SR); and pH in 1 M KCl (pH) were also investigated. The results show that organic matter amendment is of greater influence on soil characteristics than the tillage system applied. Manure application, as well as leaving the straw in the field, resulted in higher amounts of organic carbon and biologically available potassium. A significant increase in the number of soil microorganisms was also observed in soil samples from the experimental plots including this procedure.

scholarly journals AVALIAÇÃO DE AGROTÓXICOS EM SOLO DE SISTEMAS DE PRODUÇÃO AGRÍCOLA CONVENCIONAL E AGROECOLÓGICO

Química Nova ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernanda Morro ◽  
Danielle Schnitzler
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Sampling Frequency ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Trace Level ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Method Of Extraction ◽  
Agricultural Production Systems ◽  
Rain Precipitation

EVALUATION OF AGROCHEMICALS IN SOIL OF CONVENTIONAL AND AGROECOLOGICAL AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION SYSTEMS. At the Contestado Settlement, Lapa, PR, soil samples from agroecological and conventional environments were evaluated against the agrochemicals alachlor, atrazine, chlorpyrifos and trifluralin. For sampling, 3 depths were considered, 10 points were selected, 5 in an agroecological and 5 in the conventional environment, with sampling frequency was at 2-month intervals. The samples were characterized according to textural, chemical and fertility parameters and the data were used in the chemometric study (PCA) demonstrating that the environments are different. The method of extraction, identification and quantification was validated at the trace level. The analytes were analyzed by GC-MS/MS, the recovery values were between 83 to 113%, RSD less than 14%, LD equal to 0.01; 0.0028; 0.004 and 002 μg kg-1, LQ equal to 0.04; 0.008; 0.011 and 0.05 μg kg-1, for alachlor, atrazine, chlorpyrifos and trifluralin, respectively. Chlorpyrifos was identified in the Conv3 and trifluralin in the Agro2 and 3 and Conv2 environments. Therefore, the application of pesticides in conventional environments can contaminate agroecological environments. The effect of rain/precipitation on the samples was evaluated by simulation and it was found that the physical-chemical properties of the compounds and the soil have an influence on their behavior in the soil profile.

Influence of Grasscover in Restoring the Properties of Eroded Soils of Umudike, Southeastern, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-50
Author(s):  
Onwuchekwa Ojimgba
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Carbon Content ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Bare Soil ◽  
Paspalum Notatum ◽  
Panicum Maximum ◽  
Organic Carbon Content ◽  
Research Attention ◽  
Organic C

The influence of grasscover in restoring the eroded soils was carried out in Umudike, Southestern Nigeria. The use of grass has attracted considerable research attention with respect to forage production and erosion control. Little information is available on the influence of this grasscover management on soil physical and chemical properties. Four different grasses namely: Paspalum notatum(PN), Panicum maximum(PM), Axonopus compressus(AC) and Vetiver grass(VG)- Vetiveria zizanioid/es) were used in this study and their influence on eroded soil tested in two locations. This study has shown that the soils planted with the grasses gave significantly (p<0.05) higher results of the physical and some chemical properties than their adjacent open bare soil. In all the parameters considered in this study, the values obtained in soils under Paspalum notatum was higher than those obtained in PM, AC, VG and their adjacent bare soils(BS). The soils under PN had generally lower bulk density, higher total porosity and hydraulic conductivity than other grasses and adjacent open bare soil in both locations. The soil under PN proved best, outperforming PM, VG,and AC in stabilizing soil aggregates. Planting of PN on eroded soil significantly (p<0.05) increased the mean weight diameter from 0.77mm (BSPN1) to 1.31mm (PN1) and 0.82mm (BSPN2) to 1.48mm (PN2) for Locations 1 and 2, respectively. The relative improvement in Location 1 was in the order : PN1>AC1=VG1>PM1>BSVG1=BSPN1>BSAC1=BSPM1. Also, soils under PN had significantly higher values of pH, organic C and organic matter, total nitrogen and available P more than other grasses and their adjacent open soils. The magnitude of increase in Location 1 was in the order : PN1>AC1>PM1=VG1>BSVG1=BSPN1=BSAC1>BSPM1. Location 2 also increased in the same trend. The organic carbon content of PN increased from 0.73%(BSPN1) to 2.89%(PN1) and 0.88%(BSPN2) to 2.91%(PN2) in Locations 1 and 2, respectively. Also, the organic matter content of the soil increased in the same trend as organic carbon content.

scholarly journals Residual effect of raw material of chitosan powder on chemical properties of soil under rice-rice cropping system

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-42
Author(s):  
Amena Sultana ◽  
Mostarak Hossain Munshi ◽  
Md Kamruzzaman ◽  
ASM Fazle Bari ◽  
Mohammad Issak
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Previous Experiment ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Residual Effect ◽  
N Fertilizer ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Organic Carbon Content ◽  
Post Harvest

The experiment was conducted at the research field of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka- 1207, Bangladesh, during 2015-2016, to investigate residual effect of raw material of chitosan (CHT) powder on chemical properties of rice growing soils. The field experiment was done using BRRI dhan29. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with four replications. The first experiment was done using four different doses of the raw material of CHT powder with one control. The treatments were as follows: T1= 0.5 t/ha, T2 = 1.0 t/ha, T3 = 2.0 t/ha, T4 = 4.0 t/ha and T5 = 0 t/ha. The second experiment was conducted in the same plot using the following treatments were T1= Residual effect of the raw material of CHT powder @ 0.5 t/ha (applied in the previous experiment) + 2/3rd of recommended N fertilizer, T2 = Residual effect of the raw material of CHT powder @ 1.0 t/ha (applied in the previous experiment) + 2/3rd of recommended N fertilizer, T3 = Residual effect of the raw material of CHT powder @ 2.0 t/ha (applied in the previous experiment) + 2/3rd of recommended N fertilizer, T4 = Residual effect of the raw material of CHT powder @ 4.0 t/ha (applied in the previous experiment) + 2/3rd of recommended N fertilizer and T5 = Residual effect of the raw material of CHT powder @ 0 t/ha + recommended N (control). The total nitrogen content, soil pH, organic carbon and organic matter status in the post-harvest-soils were increased due to the residual effect of the powder in rice growing soils. The maximum value of the pH (7.01), organic carbon content (0.72%), and organic matter content (1.24%) in the post-harvest soils were found in the treatment T4 and lowest values were observed in the control treatment (T5). From the results it could be concluded that some of the chemical properties of rice growing soils were improved due to the residual effect of the raw material of CHT powder. Residual nitrogen value indicates that the raw material of CHT powder has a slow releasing effect of organic nitrogen supplementation in soil. These results suggest that the residual effect of the raw material of CHT powder could play a significant role to improve the sustainable soil health. Res. Agric., Livest. Fish.7(1): 33-42, April 2020

Influence of Grasscover in Restoring the Properties of Eroded Soils of Umudike, Southeastern, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
pp. 33-50
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Carbon Content ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Bare Soil ◽  
Paspalum Notatum ◽  
Panicum Maximum ◽  
Organic Carbon Content ◽  
Research Attention ◽  
Organic C

The influence of grasscover in restoring the eroded soils was carried out in Umudike, Southestern Nigeria. The use of grass has attracted considerable research attention with respect to forage production and erosion control. Little information is available on the influence of this grasscover management on soil physical and chemical properties. Four different grasses namely: Paspalum notatum(PN), Panicum maximum(PM), Axonopus compressus(AC) and Vetiver grass(VG)- Vetiveria zizanioid/es) were used in this study and their influence on eroded soil tested in two locations. This study has shown that the soils planted with the grasses gave significantly (p<0.05) higher results of the physical and some chemical properties than their adjacent open bare soil. In all the parameters considered in this study, the values obtained in soils under Paspalum notatum was higher than those obtained in PM, AC, VG and their adjacent bare soils(BS). The soils under PN had generally lower bulk density, higher total porosity and hydraulic conductivity than other grasses and adjacent open bare soil in both locations. The soil under PN proved best, outperforming PM, VG,and AC in stabilizing soil aggregates. Planting of PN on eroded soil significantly (p<0.05) increased the mean weight diameter from 0.77mm (BSPN1) to 1.31mm (PN1) and 0.82mm (BSPN2) to 1.48mm (PN2) for Locations 1 and 2, respectively. The relative improvement in Location 1 was in the order : PN1>AC1=VG1>PM1>BSVG1=BSPN1>BSAC1=BSPM1. Also, soils under PN had significantly higher values of pH, organic C and organic matter, total nitrogen and available P more than other grasses and their adjacent open soils. The magnitude of increase in Location 1 was in the order :PN1>AC1>PM1=VG1>BSVG1=BSPN1=BSAC1>BSPM1. Location 2 also increased in the same trend. The organic carbon content of PN increased from 0.73%(BSPN1) to 2.89%(PN1) and 0.88%(BSPN2) to 2.91%(PN2) in Locations 1 and 2, respectively. Also, the organic matter content of the soil increased in the same trend as organic carbon content.

Prospects for the development of agrarian production systems in in the Right Bank Polesie of Ukraine

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (95) ◽  
pp. 69-72
Author(s):  
Yu.A. Tarariko ◽  
L.V. Datsko ◽  
M.O. Datsko
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Capital Investments ◽  
Resource Potential ◽  
Grain Processing ◽  
Processing And Storage ◽  
The Right ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Agricultural Production Systems

The aim of the work is to assess the existing and prospective models for the development of agricultural production in Central Polesie on the basis of economic feasibility and ecological balance. The evaluation of promising agricultural production systems was carried out with the help of simulation modeling of various infrastructure options at the levels of crop and multisectoral specialization of agroecosystems. The agro-resource potential of Central Polesie is better implemented in the rotation with lupine, corn and flax dolguntsem with well-developed infrastructure, including crop, livestock units, grain processing and storage systems, feed, finished products and waste processing in the bioenergetic station. The expected income for the formation of such an infrastructure is almost 8 thousand dollars. / with a payback period of capital investments of 2-3 years.

scholarly journals Legumes increase grassland productivity with no effect on nitrous oxide emissions

2019 ◽  
Vol 446 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 163-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arlete S. Barneze ◽  
Jeanette Whitaker ◽  
Niall P. McNamara ◽  
Nicholas J. Ostle
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
Relative Proportion ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Nitrous Oxide Emissions ◽  
Mineral N ◽  
Grassland Productivity

Abstract Aims Grasslands are important agricultural production systems, where ecosystem functioning is affected by land management practices. Grass-legume mixtures are commonly cultivated to increase grassland productivity while reducing the need for nitrogen (N) fertiliser. However, little is known about the effect of this increase in productivity on greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in grass-legume mixtures. The aim of this study was to investigate interactions between the proportion of legumes in grass-legume mixtures and N-fertiliser addition on productivity and GHG emissions. We tested the hypotheses that an increase in the relative proportion of legumes would increase plant productivity and decrease GHG emissions, and the magnitude of these effects would be reduced by N-fertiliser addition. Methods This was tested in a controlled environment mesocosm experiment with one grass and one legume species grown in mixtures in different proportions, with or without N-fertiliser. The effects on N cycling processes were assessed by measurement of above- and below-ground biomass, shoot N uptake, soil physico-chemical properties and GHG emissions. Results Above-ground productivity and shoot N uptake were greater in legume-grass mixtures compared to grass or legume monocultures, in fertilised and unfertilised soils. However, we found no effect of legume proportion on N2O emissions, total soil N or mineral-N in fertilised or unfertilised soils. Conclusions This study shows that the inclusion of legumes in grass-legume mixtures positively affected productivity, however N cycle were in the short-term unaffected and mainly affected by nitrogen fertilisation. Legumes can be used in grassland management strategies to mitigate climate change by reducing crop demand for N-fertilisers.

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