Regime of soil humus rural residential areas organic farming systems

The changes of the soil’s humus soil within the rural areas are investigated for the organic farming system. The most significant impact of organic agriculture on humus content over 55% was observed on soddy podzolic soils (V>75%), the lowest –7,5% on typical chernozem (V≈16%). Changes in the qualitative composition of humus for the introduction of various types of organic substrates are analyzed.

Application of glauconite in agriculture

Basic problems are lighted up, stipulating the decline of level of fertility of soils, in particular increasing deficit of nutritives. The ways of their decision offer. The effective use is reasonable in agriculture of alternative sources of addition to soils nutritives, namely application present in Ukraine, glauconite as fertilizer.

Prospects for the development of agrarian production systems in in the Right Bank Polesie of Ukraine

The aim of the work is to assess the existing and prospective models for the development of agricultural production in Central Polesie on the basis of economic feasibility and ecological balance. The evaluation of promising agricultural production systems was carried out with the help of simulation modeling of various infrastructure options at the levels of crop and multisectoral specialization of agroecosystems. The agro-resource potential of Central Polesie is better implemented in the rotation with lupine, corn and flax dolguntsem with well-developed infrastructure, including crop, livestock units, grain processing and storage systems, feed, finished products and waste processing in the bioenergetic station. The expected income for the formation of such an infrastructure is almost 8 thousand dollars. / with a payback period of capital investments of 2-3 years.

Change of the redox potential in the profile of light grey forest surface-gleyed soil under different anthropogenic

The results of studies of the change in redox potential in the profile of light gray forest surface-gleyed soil on variants with long-term agricultural use without applying fertilizers and mineral fertilizer system solely compared with the soil under the forest are presented. On the basis of the conducted analyzes it was established, that soil tillage without fertilizer application and with mineral fertilizer solely has a different effect on ROP in the profile. In the soil without fertilization (control) as compared to the forest a moderate oxidizing (514 mV) and slightly oxidizing (437 mV) processes are happening. Prolonged application of mineral fertilizers to the soil (N65R68K68) significantly reduced the redox potential of all genetic horizons compared with forest and control without fertilizers. For the given fertilizer system the highest values of ROP were obtained in arable HEgl and underarable HEgl layers: 426 mV and 416 mV respectively. Redox potential sharply decreases with the depth to 398-311 mV, which characterizes processes occurring in the soil profile, as weakly reducing and close to moderately reducing.

Formation of crop rotation as a means of preventing degradation аnd improving soil fertility of the Carpathian region

Scientific and methodological approaches to the formation of zonal ecologically safe crop rotations as a basic subsystem of farming in the formation of high, stable productivity of agricultural crops are substantiated, while ensuring the reproduction of soil fertility, increasing the efficiency of fertilizer systems and environmental protection. Various rotational crop rotations for introduction in the conditions of the Carpathian region in farms of different specialization and intensity of production are proposed.

Optimization of land in the Polissia zone in conditions of climate change

The limiting factor of optimization of agro-landscapes in the Polissya zone is the fineness and variety of soil cover, the presence of significant areas of leached land, and the unsatisfactory technical condition of the farm-farming reclamation network. The adaptive application of the landscape system of land use greatly restricts the influence of these factors, which will ensure the rational use of soil cover.

Control the transformation of organic matter in the soils of Western Polesie

The peculiarities of agricultural production organization in Ukraine, which are found of the land fund and agricultural lands non-balanced structure is halping to soil erosion losses an increasing by 2,3 times and soil dehumidification at the level of 0,203 t / ha. Transformation of Ukrainian crop areas structure for the period 1990-2016 was helped to an increasing of the arable land erosion hazard coefficient from 0,44 to 0,56, which provokes loss of soil organic matter by 27,3%. The transformation of Ukrainian crop areas structure by decreasing the share of cutting-edge crops has reduced the soil organic matter ballance deficit in arable soils by 72 % (+ 0,28 t / ha), the effect of which decreased by 2,14 times due to a decreasing of arable land with organic fertilization. The unbalanced supply of nutrient-fertilizing elements to the arable land of Ukraine, the limiting factor of which is the narrow C: N ratio, which is lower than the optimal by 2,48 times, is an additional important factor of accelerating arable soils dehumidification.

The effect of fertilizing systems on the potassium capacity of dark gray soil

Purpose. Identify the features of changes in the factor of potassium capacity of dark gray soil under long-term systematic application of different doses of mineral and organic fertilizers. Methods. Field, laboratory, mathematical and statistical. Results. At various intensities of fertilizer systems and fertilizer ratios, it has been established that the long (30 years) use of organic and mineral fertilizers contributed not only to stabilization but also to the restoration of the stock of moving potassium in the arable soil layer in comparison with the initial data (1987).The growth of mobile potassium content was consistent with the increase in the agrochemical load in crop rotation. Conclusions. Long-term systematic application for 1987–2000 years mineral fertilizers in doses of 265–397 kg of NPK on the background of 10 tons of manure per 1 ha of crop rotation, in 2001–2010 years – 211–316,5 kg of NPK per 1 ha, and in 2011–2017 years – 217,5–326,4 kg of NPK per 1 ha on the background plowing crop by-products had a significant impact in the factor on the capacity factor of potassium of dark gray podzolized soil, ensuring it is elevated and very high level.

Scientific basis for optimizing plant nutrition in modern farming systems

The article considers the main ecological aspects of the application of fertilizers. New crop cultivation technologies are based on the use of various types of fertilizers. Optimal nutrition of plant organisms, combined with rational increase in the efficiency of fertilizer application and reduction of environmental pollution by chemical products, will increase the yield and improve the quality of agricultural products. directions of optimization of nutrition, ways to achieve stabilization of the organic carbon content in the soil and its subsequent increase.

Ecologically recoverable models of farming biology in Ukraine

The article presents the modern vision of the development of biologization of agriculture by restoring natural landscapes and agrocenoses in the basins of small rivers of Ukraine with carrying out works on the restoration of the channels, floodplains and watershed basins with the implementation of agro-, chemo-, bio- and phytomelioration. The prospects of implementation of energy-saving and nature-compatible agricultural systems on the restored landscapes, ensuring the cultivation of toxicological products of plant growing, are determined. The universal application of organo-mineral bioactive fertilizers as natural complexes that meet the needs of mineral nutrition of plants for both traditional and organic farming systems is determined.