Preservation and study of genetic resources of grapes on the ampelographic collection of the Anapa zonal experimental station of viticulture and winemaking

Abstract. The purpose of the research, the results of which are reflected in this article, is to preserve, replenish and study the genetic resources of grapes at the Anapa zonal experimental station of viticulture and winemaking (AZESViW). Novelty. Anapa ampelographic collection, consisting of 4941 genotypes, in 2019 was supplemented with ten varieties (grafted culture): Viktor 2 (Simpatiya), Vion’e, Zarya Nesvyataya, Karmener, Marselo, Romeo, Rusbol muskatnyy, Sirius AZOS, Furshetnyy, Yubiley Khersonskogo dachnika. First identified 5 sources of breeding valuable traits: 2 source of large berries – table grapes Ryukho i Strashenskiy, 1 source of phylloxera resistance – universal grade Ananasnyy, 1 – high sugar content – a technical grade of Bastardo and 1 – ultra-early ripening – table grape Olimpiada. Methods. These varieties, as well as all those growing in the collection, are subject to comprehensive research every year using traditional and modern methods of study, including agrobiological accounting, testing, identification, phenology, crop accounting, growth, and so on. Results. According to the results of scientific research last year, a number of features of the reaction of the studied grape varieties of different ecological and geographical groups and maturation periods to atypical conditions of the growing season in 2019 were revealed. In addition, among the studied varieties, one source was allocated for phylloxerostability: Pineapple grape variety; two sources were allocated for large-yield-table varieties Ryuho (Ryuho) and Strashenskiy; one source for high sugar accumulation – technical variety Bastardo and one source for early maturation-table variety Olympiada. Practical significance. These sources of economically valuable breeding characteristics are necessary for the creation of new varieties, clones and hybrids of grapes that increase the stability of agrocenosis and stability of fruiting, the introduction of which in production can increase the profitability of growing grapes by increasing the quantitative and qualitative indicators of the crop.

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Особенности элитных гибридных форм винограда технического направления селекции Анапской зональной опытной станции виноградарства и виноделия

Magarach. Vinogradstvo i Vinodelie ◽

10.35547/im.2019.21.4.005 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 302-306

Author(s):

Ivan Gorbunov

Keyword(s):

Sugar Content ◽

Stress Factors ◽

Sugar Accumulation ◽

Wine Grape ◽

Average Yield ◽

Hybrid Form ◽

High Productivity ◽

High Sugar ◽

High Sugar Content ◽

Hybrid Forms

Практические успехи селекции за последние годы свидетельствуют об имеющемся потенциале повышения продуктивности сортов растений. Однако идеальных сортов нет в производстве. Исходя из этого, в селекции очень важно совместить в одном генотипе высокий потенциал продуктивности с широкой экологической пластичностью, получить сорт для каждой агроэкологической зоны возделывания. В настоящее время существует недостаток в сортименте винограда технического направления использования. Возросший интерес к винному туризму диктует необходимость выращивания аборигенных сортов винограда и сортов местной селекции, их доля в реестре должна возрастать. Всё это определяет основные задачи селекции технических сортов винограда: создание сортов, сочетающих высокое качество продукции и адаптивность к абиотическим и биотическим стрессовым факторам, выведение сортов для выработки оригинальных вин, сортов с высоким уровнем сахаронакопления, сортов раннего срока созревания. Изучение этого вопроса для Анапо-Таманской зоны актуально и представляет большой интерес. В результате научно-исследовательской работы по изучению комплекса хозяйственно ценных селекционных признаков у элитных гибридных форм винограда технического направления среднего и позднего сроков созревания позволило выявить ряд особенностей: - элитная гибридная форма III-59-24 выделяется среди остальных исследуемых форм по среднему урожаю ягод с куста (с учетом относительно небольшого среднего количества плодоносных побегов на кусте) - 8,1 кг, по высоким коэффициентам плодоношения и плодоносности - 1,1; низкой кислотности ягод - 5,7 г/дм; - элитная гибридная форма III-62-24 отличается средней урожайностью с куста - 8,2 кг, по высокому коэффициенту плодоносности - 1,1, высокому содержанию сахаров в соке ягод - 20,1 г/100 см; - элитная гибридная форма K-I-74-1 обладает самыми крупными гроздями, наибольшей урожайностью с одного куста в среднем в сравнении с остальными исследуемыми формами, высокой концентрацией сахаров в ягодах, наибольшими - плодоносностью одного побега и массой грозди. Данные элитные гибридные формы винограда будут изучены и в дальнейшем по вышеперечисленным хозяйственно ценным селекционным, агробиологическим, фенологическим и технологическим признакам.Practical success of breeding in recent years shows the existing potential to increase productivity of plant varieties. However, ideal varieties are something grape and wine growing cannot rely on. With this in mind, it is very important to combine high productivity potential and wide ecological plasticity in one genotype, and to develop varieties for each agro-ecological zone of cultivation. Currently, our grape assortment is in want of wine varieties. A growing interest in wine tourism urges the need to cultivate autochthonous grape varieties and local selections and breedings. The proportion of such varieties in the Register should increase. These considerations determine main tasks of wine grape breeding, including good quality of fruit and processed products in combination with adaptivity to abiotic and biotic stress factors, high sugar accumulation and early ripening time, and the possibility to translate such grapes into original wines. To tackle such tasks is timely and of great interest in the Anapa-Taman zone. Research into a complex of economically valuable traits in new mid to late-ripening elite wine grape hybrid forms was done, and a number of peculiarities were revealed: - elite hybrid form III-59-24 stands out for an average yield per vine (8.1 kg), taking into account a relatively small average number of fruit-bearing shoots, high fruiting and fruitfulness coefficients (1.1), and low acidity of berries (5.7 g/dm); - elite hybrid form III-62-24 has an average yield per vine of 8.2 kg, high fruitfulness coefficient (1.1), and high sugar content of berries (20.1 g/100 cm); - elite hybrid form K-I - 74-1, in comparison to the other study forms, has the largest bunches, the largest average yield per vine, high sugar content of berries, the highest fruitfulness of one shoot, and the highest weight of one bunch. These elite hybrid forms will further be studied for the above economically valuable breeding, agrobiological, phenological and technological traits.

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Growth and Sugar Accumulation of Sugarcane

Experimental Agriculture ◽

10.1017/s0014479700007389 ◽

1976 ◽

Vol 12 (4) ◽

pp. 369-377 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Donald MacColl

Keyword(s):

Leaf Blade ◽

Sugar Content ◽

Weight Ratio ◽

Leaf Size ◽

High Yield ◽

Sugar Accumulation ◽

Sugarcane Varieties ◽

High Sugar ◽

Leaf Habit ◽

High Sugar Content

SUMMARYThe relations between sugar content and certain features of growth were followed in 16 sugarcane varieties during two crops. High sugar content was promoted by the absence of tillering during cane elongation, by a high leaf blade to joint weight ratio, by a long phyllochron, and perhaps slightly by a long life span of leaves. To combine high yield with high sugar content it is important to have a high tiller number early in growth, which appears to be promoted by delayed onset of cane elongation, small initial leaf size, and an upright leaf habit. To combine a small initial leaf size with a high leaf blade/joint weight ratio during elongation requires a large increase of leaf size during growth.

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Phenometric studies on stalk juice and sugar contents of silo sorghum types

Acta Agraria Debreceniensis ◽

10.34101/actaagrar/32/3017 ◽

2008 ◽

pp. 41-49

Author(s):

Éva Erdei ◽

Pál Pepó

Keyword(s):

Fossil Fuels ◽

Starch Content ◽

Sugar Content ◽

Time Level ◽

Male Sterile ◽

Early Maturation ◽

High Sugar ◽

Stalk Diameter ◽

High Sugar Content ◽

Made In

Bioenergies (among them e.g. bioalcohol) can be solutions for the replacement of fossil fuels. For its production, plants with high sugar or starch content can be used. Juice pressed from the stalk of sugar sorghum has high sugar content (14-17%) that makes it suitable for bioethanol production. During our experiment, we examined 53 restorer male lines; among them 22 were silo type sugar sorghum. We studied the following traits: plant height, breeding time, level of foliation, stalk diameter, characteristics of stalk medulla, juice content of stalk, sugar content of stalk juice. According to examined characteristics, we selected six restorer male lines for studies in the forthcoming years: RL 1, RL 2, RL 3, RL 4, RL 5, RL 9, RL 12, RL 15, RL 18. Their stalk medullas were wet, stalk diameters were medium-thick, sugar contents of juices varied between 17 and 24% at the end of milk mature. Harvest was made in September, they can be classified into early maturation group. Male sterile female lines were the following: SL 1, SL 2, SL 3, SL 4, SL 5. The maintainer male lines were: CL 1, CL 2, CL 3, CL 4, CL 5. In Hungary, there are only a few male sterile femalelines, so we will use these lines for hybrid production during the next years.

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Productivity of binary herbage based on non-traditional forage crops in the Upper Volga region

10.26897/978-5-9675-1855-3-2021-87 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

N. V. Shmeleva ◽

Keyword(s):

Species Composition ◽

Sugar Content ◽

Field Studies ◽

Volga Region ◽

Forage Crops ◽

High Sugar ◽

Upper Volga ◽

High Sugar Content ◽

The Upper Volga Region

The article presents the results of field studies aimed at expanding the species composition of herbs and the search for adaptive cereals with a high sugar content in the Upper Volga region in 2015-2020.

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Analysis of sugars in dwarf mistletoe nectar

Canadian Journal of Botany ◽

10.1139/b74-328 ◽

1974 ◽

Vol 52 (12) ◽

pp. 2533-2538 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

J. W. Brewer ◽

K. J. Collyard ◽

C. E. Lott Jr.

Keyword(s):

Liquid Chromatography ◽

Thin Layer ◽

Sugar Content ◽

Gas Liquid Chromatography ◽

Dwarf Mistletoe ◽

Total Solids ◽

High Sugar ◽

Insect Pollinator ◽

High Sugar Content

Nectar produced by pistillate flowers of the dwarf mistletoe Arceuthobium abietinum Engelm. was analyzed by thin-layer and gas–liquid chromatography. The inconspicuous (0.5–1.5 mm) flowers produce relatively large (0.24 μliter) droplets of highly concentrated nectar (58–92% total solids, expressed as sugars). The major components were glucose (48%), fructose (39%), and sucrose (11%). Traces of other sugars were also present. It is suggested that nectar of this high sugar content is probably a strong insect pollinator attractant, and this, in turn, may be a major factor in the successful spread of the parasitic dwarf mistletoes.

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