scholarly journals Net energy content of soybean meal and glycerol for growing and finishing pigs

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodney Buddy Hinson
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
Net Energy ◽  
Finishing Pigs

Energy content of intact and heat-treated dry extruded-expelled soybean meal fed to growing pigs

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bonjin Koo ◽  
Olumide Adeshakin ◽  
Charles Martin Nyachoti
Keyword(s):  
Heat Production ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Energy Utilization ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Net Energy ◽  
Heat Treated

Abstract An experiment was performed to evaluate the energy content of extruded-expelled soybean meal (EESBM) and the effects of heat treatment on energy utilization in growing pigs. Eighteen growing barrows (18.03 ± 0.61 kg initial body weight) were individually housed in metabolism crates and randomly allotted to one of three dietary treatments (six replicates/treatment). The three experimental diets were: a corn-soybean meal-based basal diet and two test diets with simple substitution of a basal diet with intact EESBM or heat-treated EESBM (heat-EESBM) at a 7:3 ratio. Intact EESBM was autoclaved at 121°C for 60 min to make heat-treated EESBM. Pigs were fed the experimental diets for 16 d, including 10 d for adaptation and 6 d for total collection of feces and urine. Pigs were then moved into indirect calorimetry chambers to determine 24-h heat production and 12-h fasting heat production. The energy content of EESBM was calculated using the difference method. Data were analyzed using the Mixed procedure of SAS with the individual pig as the experimental unit. Pigs fed heat-EESBM diets showed lower (P < 0.05) apparent total tract digestibility of dry matter (DM), gross energy, and nitrogen than those fed intact EESBM. A trend (P ≤ 0.10) was observed for greater heat increments in pigs fed intact EESBM than those fed heat-EESBM. This resulted in intact EESBM having greater (P < 0.05) digestible energy (DE) and metabolizable energy (ME) contents than heat-EESBM. However, no difference was observed in net energy (NE) contents between intact EESBM and heat-EESBM, showing a tendency (P ≤ 0.10) toward an increase in NE/ME efficiency in heat-EESBM, but comparable NE contents between intact and heat-EESBM. In conclusion, respective values of DE, ME, and NE are 4,591 kcal/kg, 4,099 kcal/kg, and 3,189 kcal/kg in intact EESBM on a DM basis. It is recommended to use NE values of feedstuffs that are exposed to heat for accurate diet formulation.

scholarly journals Metabolizable energy and net energy content of corn, wheat bran, soybean meal, fish meal and soybean oil for broilers

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 335-344
Author(s):  
Juan Moscoso-Muñoz ◽  
Oscar Gomez-Quispe ◽  
Victor Guevara-Carrasco
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Oil ◽  
Wheat Bran ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Fish Meal ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Net Energy

Net energy value of canola meal, field pea, and wheat millrun fed to growing-finishing pigs

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
T A Woyengo ◽  
R T Zijlstra
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Indirect Calorimetry ◽  
Prediction Equation ◽  
Field Pea ◽  
Canola Meal ◽  
Net Energy ◽  
Finishing Pigs ◽  
Ether Extract ◽  
Macronutrient Composition ◽  
Net Energy Value

Abstract Two experiments were conducted to (1) determine NE values of soybean meal (SBM), Napus canola meal (NCM), Juncea canola meal (JCM), field pea, and wheat millrun (WM) using indirect calorimetry, and (2) compare the determined NE values with the calculated NE values of the same feedstuffs based on a prediction equation. In Experiment 1, 6 ileal-cannulated barrows (31 kg) were fed 5 diets in 5 × 6 Youden square to give 6 replicates per diet. Diets were cornstarch-based diets containing soybean meal (SBM), NCM, JCM, field pea, or WM. The SBM was included as a reference. In Experiment 2, 6 ileal-cannulated barrows (70 kg) were fed a N-free diet for determining energy digestibility and NE values of test feedstuffs fed in Experiment 1 by difference method. The NE values of test feedstuffs were also calculated from the DE values and analyzed macronutrient content of the test feedstuffs (NRC, 2012). On DM basis, SBM, NCM, JCM, field pea, and WM contained 51, 41, 42, 28, and 18% CP; 1.52, 2.95, 2.36, 1.33, and 3.12% ether extract; 2.93, 0.14, 1.44; 36.7, and 28.7% starch; and 5.30, 21.0, 13.4, 9.49, and 16.1% ADF, respectively. The determined NE value for SBM (2.29 Mcal/kg) did not differ from that of NCM (1.72 Mcal/kg DM) or JCM (2.14 Mcal/kg DM). The NCM and JCM did not differ in NE value. Also, the determined NE value did not differ between field pea (2.00 Mcal/kg) and WM (2.55 Mcal/kg). The calculated NE values for SBM (2.18 Mcal/kg DM), NCM (1.73 Mcal/kg DM), and JCM (1.86 Mcal/kg DM) did not differ from the corresponding determined NE values of the same feedstuffs. However, the calculated NE value for field pea (2.51 Mcal/kg DM) was greater (P = 0.004) than the determined NE value of field pea, whereas the calculated NE value for WM (2.27 Mcal/kg DM) tended to be lower (P = 0.054) than the determined NE value of WM. In conclusion, the NE value for SBM and canola meals can be predicted based on the DE value and the macronutrient composition of the same feedstuffs. However, the NE value for field pea and WM may not be predicted precisely based on the DE value and the macronutrient composition of the same feedstuffs.

scholarly journals Effects of switching from corn distillers dried grains with solubles- to corn- and soybean meal-based diets on finishing pig performance, carcass characteristics, and carcass fatty acid composition

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 715-723
Author(s):  
Annie B Lerner ◽  
Mike D Tokach ◽  
Joel M DeRouchey ◽  
Steve S Dritz ◽  
Robert D Goodband ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Net Energy ◽  
Finishing Pigs ◽  
Withdrawal Period ◽  
Carcass Yield ◽  
Distillers Dried Grains ◽  
Corn Distillers

Abstract Corn distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) are known to negatively impact carcass yield and fat quality, thus finishing pigs may need to be switched from diets containing DDGS to corn–soybean meal (CSBM) diets before marketing (DDGS withdrawal). A total of 860 finishing pigs (PIC C48 or L42 × 327; initially 66.2 kg body weight, BW) were used in a 76-day experiment to evaluate the effects of DDGS withdrawal periods at increasing intervals before harvest. Pen served as the experimental unit, and there were seven replicate pens per treatment with 23 to 25 pigs per pen. Pens were blocked by BW and allotted to one of five dietary treatments differentiated by the DDGS withdrawal period: 76, 42, 27, 15, or 0 day before harvest. Diets contained 40% DDGS from 22 to 66 kg prior to the experiment, 0% or 35% DDGS during the experiment from ~66 to 82 kg, and 0% or 30% DDGS until the completion of the trial. Diets were not balanced for net energy. Linear and quadratic response to time following dietary switch was evaluated using PROC GLIMMIX. For the overall period (day 76 prior to market to day 0), as withdrawal period increased, average daily gain (ADG) and final BW increased (linear, P < 0.002) and feed efficiency (G:F) improved (quadratic, P = 0.019). Average daily feed intake increased (quadratic, P = 0.030) as withdrawal period increased. There was an increase (linear P = 0.010) in hot carcass weight (HCW), with a marginally significant increase in carcass yield (linear, P = 0.094) with increasing withdrawal period. Loin depth and lean percentage did not demonstrate any evidence for treatment differences (P > 0.132). Backfat increased (linear, P = 0.030) with increasing withdrawal period. Finally, iodine value (IV) of belly fat was decreased (linear, P = 0.001) with increased withdrawal period. In conclusion, switching from a DDGS-based diet to a CSBM-based diet for longer periods before slaughter increased ADG and improved G:F, resulting in increased HCW. After diets were switched from DDGS to CSBM, pigs demonstrated an increase in intake, likely due to the ability to consume high volumes of feed after consuming high fiber (DDGS) diets. Belly fat IV was decreased as the length of time after dietary change was increased, with the lowest IV resulting from pigs that consumed CSBM for the entire experimental period.

Effect of experimental methodology on fasting heat production and the net energy content of corn and soybean meal fed to growing pigs

2014 ◽  
Vol 68 (4) ◽  
pp. 281-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dewen Liu ◽  
Neil William Jaworski ◽  
Guifeng Zhang ◽  
Zhongchao Li ◽  
Defa Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Production ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Experimental Methodology ◽  
Net Energy ◽  
Fasting Heat Production

scholarly journals Prediction of net energy values in expeller-pressed and solvent-extracted rapeseed meal for growing pigs

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-118
Author(s):  
Zhongchao Li ◽  
Zhiqian Lyu ◽  
Hu Liu ◽  
Dewen Liu ◽  
Neil Jaworski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Production ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Rapeseed Meal ◽  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Net Energy ◽  
Gross Energy

Objective: The objective of this study was to determine net energy (NE) of expeller-press (EP-RSM) and solvent-extracted rapeseed meal (SE-RSM) and to establish equations for predicting the NE in rapeseed meal (RSM) fed to growing pigs.Methods: Thirty-six barrows (initial body weight [BW], 41.1±2.2 kg) were allotted into 6 diets comprising a corn-soybean meal basal diet and 5 diets containing 19.50% RSM added at the expense of corn and soybean meal. The experiment had 6 periods and 6 replicate pigs per diet. During each period, the pigs were individually housed in metabolism crates for 16 days which included 7 days for adaption to diets. On day 8, pigs were transferred to respiration chambers and fed their respective diet at 2,000 kJ metabolizable energy (ME)/kg BW<sup>0.6</sup>/d. Feces and urine were collected, and daily heat production was measured from day 9 to 13. On days 14 and 15, the pigs were fed at 890 kJ ME/kg BW<sup>0.6</sup>/d and fasted on day 16 for evaluation of fasting heat production (FHP).Results: The FHP of pigs averaged 790 kJ/kg BW<sup>0.6</sup>/d and was not affected by the diet composition. The NE values were 10.80 and 8.45 MJ/kg DM for EP-RSM and SE-RSM, respectively. The NE value was positively correlated with gross energy (GE), digestible energy (DE), ME, and ether extract (EE). The best fit equation for NE of RSM was NE (MJ/kg DM) = 1.14×DE (MJ/kg DM)+0.46×crude protein (% of DM)–25.24 (n = 8, R<sup>2</sup> = 0.96, p<0.01). The equation NE (MJ/kg DM) = 0.22×EE (% of DM)–0.79×ash (% of DM)+14.36 (n = 8, R<sup>2</sup> = 0.77, p = 0.018) may be utilized to quickly determine the NE in RSM when DE or ME values are unavailable.Conclusion: The NE values of EP-RSM and SE-RSM were 10.80 and 8.45 MJ/kg DM. The NE value of RSM can be well predicted based on energy content (GE, DE, and ME) and proximate analysis.

scholarly journals Apparent ileal amino acid digestibility and the nutritive value of the triticale cultivars Moreno and Ulrika for growing-finishing pigs

2002 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. PERTTILÄ ◽  
H. SILJANDER-RASI ◽  
K. PARTANEN
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Net Energy ◽  
Finishing Pigs ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Ileal Digestibility ◽  
Soyabean Meal ◽  
And Performance

Both digestibility and performance experiments were carried out to evaluate the nutritive value of triticale for growing-finishing pigs.In experiment 1,the apparent ileal and faecal digestibility of nutrients in barley (Hordeum vulgare cv.Viivi)and two triticale (Tritico secale cultivars, Moreno and Ulrika, were measured using six cannulated barrows with a body weight (BW)of 82-107 kg.In experiment 2,132 pigs were used over 25-100 kg BW to study the effects of replacing barley in a barley-soyabean meal-based diet with graded amounts of triticale cv.Moreno (25,50,75,or 100%) and cv.Ulrika (50 or 100%).The apparent ileal and faecal digestibilities of dry matter and organic matter were higher for both triticale cultivars than for barley (P 0.05).The apparent ileal digestibility of lysine averaged 65.6, 70.8, and 70.5% for barley and triticale cv.Moreno and Ulrika,respectively.The net energy content of triticales (11.5 MJ kg-1 DM)was 0.4 MJ kg -1 DM higher than that of barley.The replacement of barley with the triticale cultivars Moreno and Ulrika exerted a positive quadratic effect on daily weight gain and the feed conversion ratio of pigs from 50 to 100 kg and from 25 to 100 kg BW (P

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