The deletion variant of the CCR5 gene (rs333) but not the ACE gene (rs4340) is associated with long-term respiratory support in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia

2020 ◽  
Vol 140 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Support ◽  
Ccr5 Gene ◽  
Deletion Variant ◽  
Ace Gene

Respiratory outcomes in children with congenital myotonic dystrophy

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Jaclyn C. Omura ◽  
Maida Chen ◽  
Miriam Haviland ◽  
Susan Apkon
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Myotonic Dystrophy ◽  
Invasive Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Retrospective Chart Review ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Respiratory Support ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Congenital Myotonic Dystrophy ◽  
Respiratory Outcomes

PURPOSE: Congenital myotonic dystrophy (CDM) results in hypotonia and acute respiratory distress at birth. Previous studies show that prolonged periods of intubation (>4 weeks) correlate with increased mortality rates. The objective is to describe the use and duration of respiratory support in newborns with CDM and how these relate to mortality. METHODS: A retrospective chart review was performed at a tertiary pediatric hospital among children with confirmed diagnosis of CDM. The main outcome measures were: mortality, duration of invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) and non-invasive partial pressure ventilation (NIPPV), along with long-term use of respiratory support and equipment. RESULTS: A total of 18 subjects met inclusion criteria, 83%.f which had documented respiratory distress at birth, 39%.equired NIPPV, and 50%.equired intubation in the neonatal period. The earliest NIPPV was initiated at day one of life, and the latest extubation to NIPPV was at 17 days of life. CONCLUSION: This cohort required IMV for shorter periods with earlier transitions to NIPPV which suggests a possible change in practice and earlier transition to NIPPV recently. Further data are needed to determine if there is a possible correlation between the need for NIPPV/IMV and mortality rates.

scholarly journals Early complications of long-term respiratory support

1972 ◽  
Vol 64 (5) ◽  
pp. 729-738 ◽  
Author(s):  
William H. Fleming ◽  
John C. Bowen ◽  
Charles R. Hatcher
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Support ◽  
Early Complications

scholarly journals Changing consumption of resources for respiratory support and short-term outcomes in four consecutive geographical cohorts of infants born extremely preterm over 25 years since the early 1990s

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. e037507
Author(s):  
Jeanie L Y Cheong ◽  
Joy E Olsen ◽  
Li Huang ◽  
Kim M Dalziel ◽  
Rosemarie A Boland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retinopathy Of Prematurity ◽  
Periventricular Leukomalacia ◽  
Respiratory Support ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Discharge Home ◽  
Nasal Cannulae ◽  
Extremely Preterm ◽  
Additional Costs ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal

ObjectivesIt is unclear how newer methods of respiratory support for infants born extremely preterm (EP; 22–27 weeks gestation) have affected in-hospital sequelae. We aimed to determine changes in respiratory support, survival and morbidity in EP infants since the early 1990s.DesignProspective longitudinal cohort study.SettingThe State of Victoria, Australia.ParticipantsAll EP births offered intensive care in four discrete eras (1991–1992 (24 months): n=332, 1997 (12 months): n=190, 2005 (12 months): n=229, and April 2016–March 2017 (12 months): n=250).Outcome measuresConsumption of respiratory support, survival and morbidity to discharge home. Cost-effectiveness ratios describing the average additional days of respiratory support associated per additional survivor were calculated.ResultsMedian duration of any respiratory support increased from 22 days (1991–1992) to 66 days (2016–2017). The increase occurred in non-invasive respiratory support (2 days (1991–1992) to 51 days (2016–2017)), with high-flow nasal cannulae, unavailable in earlier cohorts, comprising almost one-half of the duration in 2016–2017. Survival to discharge home increased (68% (1991–1992) to 87% (2016–2017)). Cystic periventricular leukomalacia decreased (6.3% (1991–1992) to 1.2% (2016–2017)), whereas retinopathy of prematurity requiring treatment increased (4.0% (1991–1992) to 10.0% (2016–2017)). The average additional costs associated with one additional infant surviving in 2016–2017 were 200 (95% CI 150 to 297) days, 326 (183 to 1127) days and 130 (70 to 267) days compared with 1991–1992, 1997 and 2005, respectively.ConclusionsConsumption of resources for respiratory support has escalated with improved survival over time. Cystic periventricular leukomalacia reduced in incidence but retinopathy of prematurity requiring treatment increased. How these changes translate into long-term respiratory or neurological function remains to be determined.

Virological and Immunological Features of Long-Term Human Immunodeficiency Virus–Infected Individuals Who Have Remained Asymptomatic Compared With Those Who Have Progressed to Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome

Blood ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 92 (9) ◽  
pp. 3105-3114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward Barker ◽  
Carl E. Mackewicz ◽  
Gustavo Reyes-Terán ◽  
Akihiko Sato ◽  
Sharon A. Stranford ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Viral Load ◽  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
Ccr5 Gene ◽  
Infected People ◽  
Cd8 Cells ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
The Difference

Infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) leads to a decrease in CD4+ T cells and disease progression within a decade of seroconversion. However, a small group of infected people, despite being infected by HIV for 10 or more years, remain clinically asymptomatic and have stable CD4+ cell counts without taking antiretroviral medication. To determine why these individuals, known as long-term survivors (LTS), remain healthy, the hematological profiles, viral load and properties, HIV coreceptor genotype, and anti-HIV immune responses of these people were compared with those of individuals who have progressed to disease (Progressors) over the same time period. Unlike Progressors, LTS have a low circulating viral load and a low number of HIV-infected cells. These differences in the levels of the viral load were not associated with a dominant biologic viral phenotype, varying growth kinetics of the virus, mutation in the cellular CCR5 gene, or the presence of neutralizing antibodies. Importantly, the difference in viral load could be explained by the enhanced ability of CD8+ cells from LTS to suppress HIV replication. © 1998 by The American Society of Hematology.

scholarly journals ARDS Secondary to Descending Necrotizing Mediastinitis Treated By Long-Term Extracorporeal Respiratory Support

2012 ◽  
Vol 57 (11) ◽  
pp. 1970-1973 ◽  
Author(s):  
Federico Franchi ◽  
Riccardo Silvestri ◽  
Lucia Cubattoli ◽  
Luca Voltolini ◽  
Maria Antonietta Mazzei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Support ◽  
Descending Necrotizing Mediastinitis

scholarly journals Infusion of CCR5 Gene-Edited T Cells Allows Immune Reconstitution, HIV Reservoir Decay, and Long-Term Virological Control

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joumana Zeidan ◽  
Ashish A Sharma ◽  
Gary Lee ◽  
Angie Raad ◽  
Remi Fromentin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Cd4 T Cells ◽  
Ccr5 Gene ◽  
Partial Control ◽  
Hiv Reservoir ◽  
Differentiated Cells ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Post Infusion

Antiretroviral therapy (ART) fails to fully restore immune function and is not curative. A single infusion of CCR5 gene-edited autologous CD4+ T cells (SB-728-T) led to sustained increases in CD4+ T cell counts, improved T cell homeostasis, and reduced the estimated size of the HIV reservoir. These outcomes were associated with the expansion and long-term persistence of a novel CCR5 gene-edited CD4+ T memory stem cell (CD45RAintROint TSCM) subset that can replenish the pool of more differentiated memory cells. We showed that novel CD45RAintROint TSCM cells are transcriptionally distinct from the previously described CD45RA+ TSCM and are minimally differentiated cells uncommitted to a specific Th-lineage. Subsequently, we showed in an independent trial that infusion of the SB-728-T cell product resulted in partial control of viral replication upon cessation of ART which was correlated with the frequencies of CCR5 gene-edited TSCM and their TEM progeny. Interestingly, one participant that remained off ART to this date demonstrated long-term maintenance of CCR5 gene-edited cells and increased frequency of polyfunctional HIV-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, contributing to low levels of viral load 5 years post-infusion. Consequently, the generation of HIV protected memory CD4+ T cells by CCR5 disruption can contribute toward novel interventions aimed at achieving a sustained ART-free viral remission of HIV disease.

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