scholarly journals ANALISA KEBIJAKAN ANGGARAN DALAM PENGENDALIAN PENCEMARAN LINGKUNGAN AKIBAT OPERASIONAL PERTAMBANGAN EMAS SKALA KECIL (PESK) DI KABUPATEN XYZ

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-11
Author(s):  
ROSLIANA ROSLIANA ◽  
ROBERTA ZULFHI SURYA ◽  
GERHANA ADJIE
Keyword(s):  
Fiscal Transfer

Pertambangan Emas Skala Kecil (PESK) sebagai penopang utama perekonomian masyarakat, namun penggunaan merkuri pada proses amalgamasi emas berimplikasi pada kerusakan lingkungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kebijakan penganggaran dalam pengendalian pencemaran lingkungan hidup akibat operasional PESK serta memetakan tantangan dan peluang untuk memberikan rekomendasi untuk perbaikan kedepannya. Pemerintah dari berbagai level telah melakukan penguatan kerangka hukum dengan menerbitkan beberapa regulasi untuk mengatasi permasalahan pencemaran akibat merkuri. Dalam kurun waktu 5 tahun (2015 – 2019) Pemerintah Kabupaten XYZ mengalokasikan anggaran sebesar Rp. 781.410.000,- untuk pengendalian pencemaran lingkungan hidup akibat operasional PESK. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan untuk menggunakan mekanisme ecological fiscal transfer dari APBN dan bekerjasama dengan lembaga internasional dalam menyelesaikan solusi pencemaran akibat merkuri

scholarly journals Does Fiscal Transfer Improve the Equalization of Regional Public Health Service Evidence from a Spatial Panel-Data Analysis in China

2021 ◽  
Vol 235 ◽  
pp. 03001
Author(s):  
Youwen Jin ◽  
Guoping Nong
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Service ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Public Health Service ◽  
Panel Data Analysis ◽  
Service Development ◽  
Spatial Panel ◽  
Fiscal Transfer ◽  
Spatial Panel Data ◽  
The Government

Public health service is regarded a key social resource contributing to the national health and sustainable development. Its development gap, however, exists among regions in China due to the unbalanced regional economy, and is also affected by financial distribution. With the effect of tax reform, central fiscal transfer has become a strategic approach to narrow the regional gap of public health service and improve the regional development. This paper aims to evaluate provincial public health service levels in China by applying entropy method and shows that obvious spatial imbalance of public health service level exists in Chinese provinces and such imbalance is also consistent with that of average fiscal transfer from the central government to the regional ones. The current research also looks at, by adopting spatial panel model, a model developed from economic convergence model, whether central fiscal transfer effectively helps to lower the level of public health service difference in regions and the outcome depicts that central fiscal transfer, particularly fiscal transfer for specific purposes, accelerates Chinese public health service development especially in eastern, middle and western regions. From the perspective of spatial effect, neighborhood imitation effect exists to allow completion among neighboring regional governments and therefore more investment to public health service. Compared with the pace of economic development, central fiscal transfer’s limited effect is still seen in less developed regions particularly some midland and western areas, due to the inadequate investment rooted in government’s structured expenditure plan. The implication of this research is that, apart from the attention to economic growth, the government should, with the effort of fiscal transfer, financially focus more on the area of public health service.

Why Focus on Spending Needs Factors? The Political Economy of Fiscal Transfer Reforms in Mexico

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ehtisham Ahmad ◽  
José Antonio González Anaya ◽  
Giorgio Brosio ◽  
Mercedes García-Escribano ◽  
Ben Lockwood ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
The Political ◽  
Fiscal Transfer

THE EFFECT OF REVENUE SHARES ON LOCAL GOVERNMENT SPENDING: EVIDENCE FROM PHILIPPINE PROVINCES

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-35
Author(s):  
TRISTAN CANARE
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Government Spending ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Developing Economies ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Government Expenditures ◽  
Empirical Literature ◽  
Marginal Effect ◽  
Fiscal Transfer ◽  
Local Government Expenditures

Intergovernmental fiscal transfer (IFT) is one of the several sources of funds of sub-national governments. There are two general types of IFT — conditional and unconditional. In many developing economies including the Philippines, the usual existing IFT is a form of unconditional fiscal transfer called revenue shares. In the Philippines, this revenue-sharing scheme is called the internal revenue allotment (IRA). Empirical literature says that unconditional IFTs are the type of fiscal transfers with the least effect on local government spending. The literature posits that the reason for this is that local governments use these transfers to substitute for own-sourced revenues such as local taxes. This explanation was formalized through a framework presented in this paper. Using panel data from Philippine provinces for the years 2001 to 2015, this paper attempted to determine the effect of revenue shares, in the form of IRA, on local government expenditures. Using different econometric methodologies, this paper arrived at several conclusions. First, IRA has a strong positive effect on total local government spending with a marginal effect slightly greater than one — much higher than what comparable studies found using data from other countries. Secondly, the effect of IRA on local government expenditures is even stronger for provinces with relatively greater ability to generate its own funds. Next, IRA and other externally sourced revenues have much stronger marginal effects on local government spending than do own-sourced revenues. Finally, IRA has widely varying effects on different components of local government expenditures.

Fiscal Transfer in a Repeated-Interaction Model of Tax Competition

2014 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
pp. 556 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenming Wang ◽  
Hikaru Ogawa ◽  
Keisuke Kawachi
Keyword(s):  
Tax Competition ◽  
Interaction Model ◽  
Repeated Interaction ◽  
Fiscal Transfer

scholarly journals Fiscal Decentralization and Delivery of Public Services: Evidence from Education Sector in Pakistan

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 174-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdur Rauf ◽  
Amara Akram Khan ◽  
Sher Ali ◽  
Ghulam Yahya Qureshi ◽  
Dilshad Ahmad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary School ◽  
Public Services ◽  
Time Series Data ◽  
Fiscal Decentralization ◽  
High Growth ◽  
School Level ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Fiscal Transfer ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Primary School Level

AbstractFiscal Decentralization is the devolution of fiscal assignments to lower governments for high growth and better delivery of public services. The current study covering the period from 1972 to 2009 is an attempt to find out the impacts of fiscal decentralization on public services deliveries in Pakistan. Public services are proxy by Gross enrollment at primary school level while fiscal decentralization by fiscal transfer and expenditure sides of devolution. Using time series data, it is found that the individual impacts of fiscal transfer are although insignificant but still support the theoretical proposition regarding fiscal decentralization and public services relationship while delegation of expenditure responsibilities helps in improving the gross enrollment at primary school level. Furthermore the study evident that complete delegation of fiscal responsibilities to lower governments enhance enrollment ratio in Pakistan.

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