scholarly journals Glass Production from River Silica of Bangladesh: Converting Waste to Economically Potential Natural Resource

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Mohammad Rajib ◽  
◽  
Md. Fahad Hossain ◽  
Mahfuza Parveen ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glass Production ◽  
River System ◽  
Flood Plain ◽  
Heavy Minerals ◽  
Bengal Basin ◽  
Experimental Production ◽  
Physical Separation ◽  
Silicate Minerals ◽  
Industrial Processing ◽  
Environmental Consequences

The Ganges-Brahmaputra river system at the Bengal Basin carries large amounts of sediments on the way to finally deposit at the Bay of Bengal. Those river-transported sediments form bar deposits during dry season in many areas of Bangladesh and accumulate economic mineral depositions at suitable geological environments. Dredging is a must for most of those rivers for proper navigation, as well as protecting bank erosion, which generates millions of tons of waste sand. The dredged materials from river beds are mostly composed of silicate minerals, especially quartz and feldspar along with several dark colored heavy minerals. Like the industrial processing of heavy minerals from bulk sands, various physical separation techniques can be utilized for the beneficiation of silica from those river-born silicate minerals in dredged sands. Those silica have been successfully upgraded to near-glass sand grade in the laboratory, however, they have yet to be utilized for any kind of commercial venture. The present study attempts characterization of several river sands through physical separation and laboratory analysis. The upgraded silica was successfully compared with several quality glass sands and laboratory production of glasses. This experimental production of glass from upgraded silica could potentially be economical considering its industrial application with positive environmental consequences through minimizing the dredging cost, increasing the navigability of the river and ecological balance along the flood plain.

Late Paleozoic detrital history of eastern Gondwanaland: petrofacies and detrital geochronology of Permo-Carboniferous intracratonic sequences of the northwest Bengal Basin

2020 ◽  
Vol 90 (4) ◽  
pp. 389-402 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Iftekhar Alam ◽  
Ashraf Uddin ◽  
Willis E. Hames
Keyword(s):  
Sediment Cores ◽  
Granulite Facies ◽  
Mineral Chemistry ◽  
Dominant Mode ◽  
Heavy Minerals ◽  
Bengal Basin ◽  
Peninsular India ◽  
History Of ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Sandstone Petrography

ABSTRACT Permo-Carboniferous Gondwanan sequences have been reported from several isolated basins of Peninsular India. These siliciclastic sequences were preserved in several intracratonic basins in northwest Bangladesh. Sandstone petrography, heavy-mineral assemblages, mineral chemistry, and 40Ar/39Ar geochronology of sediment cores were used in this study to decipher the provenance history of Gondwanan sediments at two localities (Khalashpir and Barapukuria). Petrographic studies suggest that these sequences are mostly immature and poorly sorted arkosic sandstones (Khalashpir-Qt60F27L13, Barapukuria-Qt52F31L17), with compositions ranging from quartzarenite to litharenite. Among lithic fragments, sedimentary types are abundant. Heavy minerals are volumetrically rare and of low diversity in sediments of northwest Bangladesh. Garnet geochemistry indicates that metamorphic grades in the source terranes were of the amphibolite to granulite facies. Laser 40Ar/39Ar ages for single crystals of detrital muscovite from the deepest drilled Gondwanan sequences yielded the broadest age range, with a dominant mode at circa 515 Ma and lesser clusters of ages at circa 550, 570, and 600 Ma. The other two shallower samples are dominated by ages with similar single modes at circa 495–500 Ma. The oldest muscovite crystals may have been derived from the adjacent Indian craton and/or the Meghalayan craton. Younger muscovite crystals may have been contributed from the Pinjarra Orogen, formed during episodes of Neoproterozoic to early Paleozoic collision among India, Antarctica, and Australia.

scholarly journals Arsenic contamination of groundwater in the Kathmandu Valley, Nepal, as a consequence of rapid erosion

2010 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 49-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven H. Emerman ◽  
Tista Prasai ◽  
Ryan B. Anderson ◽  
Mallory A. Palmer
Keyword(s):  
Geometric Mean ◽  
Sulfide Oxidation ◽  
River System ◽  
Flood Plain ◽  
Kathmandu Valley ◽  
Ganges River ◽  
Transition Elements ◽  
Dug Wells ◽  
The Ganges ◽  
System Water

Elevated levels of arsenic (As) in groundwater in the flood plain of the Ganges River have been well-documented over the past decades. The objective of this study was to measure As and the transition elements normally associated with As in the Kathmandu Valley in Nepal, a heavily populated tectonic valley in the upper reaches of the Ganges River system. Water samples were collected from six shallow tubewells (depth < 50 m), eight deep tubewells and 13 dug wells and stone spouts. Electrical conductivity, temperature and pH were measured on-site and concentrations of As, Fe, Cu, Ni, Co, Mn, Zn and Cr were measured with a spectrophotometer. Five tubewells and four dug wells had As levels exceeding the Nepal Interim Standard (As = 0.05 mg/L). There was no statistically significant clustering of As levels either with depth or horizontal location. Arsenic was uncorrelated with either Fe (R2 = 0.096), Mn (R2 = 0.0004) or any combination of transition elements (R2 < 0.083), which is inconsistent with both the reduction-dissolution and the sulfide oxidation models for As release. The geometric mean As level of groundwater (As = 0.015 mg/L) was indistinguishable from the geometric mean As level of surface water (As = 0.013 mg/L) obtained from 48 river samples from the Kathmandu Valley in a previous study. We are suggesting that elevated groundwater As results not from subsurface redox conditions, but from losing streams with elevated As, which is a consequence of rapid erosion caused by a combination of monsoon climate, tectonic uplift and deforestation.

scholarly journals Physical separation for upgradation of valuable minerals: a study on sands of the Someswari river

2015 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
MA Rahman ◽  
MN Zaman ◽  
PK Biswas ◽  
S Sultana ◽  
PK Nandy
Keyword(s):  
Separation Method ◽  
Shaking Table ◽  
Heavy Minerals ◽  
Grain Size Analysis ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
Magnetic Separator ◽  
Physical Separation ◽  
Iron Coating ◽  
Light Mineral ◽  
Plate Separator

The study is carried out to develop a physical separation method for upgradation of valuable minerals from sands of the Someswari River. Understanding the morphology and mineralogy of the heavy minerals may allow development of processing methods that produce the higher grade products. For this purpose, grain size analysis, microscopic, spectroscopic study and feasibility of physical separation by shaking table, electrostatic plate separator and induced roll magnetic separator have been done. Considering the huge quantity of sandy materials of the studied river sands and separation of heavy minerals magnetite, ilmenite and garnet from the bulk sands and further treatment of the light mineral quartz to remove iron coating could be use as glass-sands; either the light mineral quartz or heavy minerals will be the main product. From the overall study by physical separation method, the Someswari River is identified as potential resources for mineral processing.Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 50(1), 53-58, 2015

scholarly journals Paleocurrents, Paleohydraulics, and Palaegeography of Miocene-Pliocene Siwalik Foreland Basin of India

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Zahid A. Khan ◽  
Ram Chandra Tewari
Keyword(s):  
Indian Subcontinent ◽  
Foreland Basin ◽  
River System ◽  
Bimodal Distribution ◽  
Flood Plain ◽  
North India ◽  
Morphological Attributes ◽  
Gangetic Plains ◽  
Braided Rivers ◽  
Middle Siwalik

Early Miocene-Pliocene Middle Siwalik Subgroup of Kuluchaur area, Uttarakhand, North India, comprises sheet-like, coarse to medium grained, cross bedded sandstone bodies and multistoreyed variegated mudstones. Paleocurrent study shows commonly unimodal and locally bimodal distribution and displays a high magnitude of resultant (R*=0.7337) oriented towards south-southwest (206°  ±  42.27°). Palaeochannel morphological attributes suggest that the depositing river system was about 230 m wide and 4.5 m deep. These broad, shallow, and low sinuous channels with extensive flood plain flowed on a steeper slope (0.00043 degrees) with flow velocity of 60–140 cm/sec. It is visualized that the immature Middle Siwalik rocks were deposited by southward flowing braided rivers transverse to the Himalayas, predominantly in the form of overlapping alluvial fans similar to those depositing sediments at present in the Indo-Gangetic plains. Fairly consistent fluvial palaeoslopes, together with enormous thickness of sediments, are evidences of rapid subsidence of the basin. We conclude that the paleogeography of Indian subcontinent established at the onset of Miocene-Pliocene Siwalik sedimentation is continuing till today.

Dissolved fluoride in the Lower Ganges-Brahmaputra-Meghna River system in the Bengal Basin, Bangladesh

2000 ◽  
Vol 39 (10) ◽  
pp. 1163-1168 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. K. Datta ◽  
L. P. Gupta ◽  
V. Subramanian
Keyword(s):  
River System ◽  
Bengal Basin

scholarly journals Terciérní říční sedimenty v širším okolí Jihlavy

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (1-2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michal Francírek ◽  
Slavomír Nehyba
Keyword(s):  
Facies Analysis ◽  
River System ◽  
Flood Plain ◽  
Depositional Environments ◽  
Source Rocks ◽  
Oxbow Lake ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Moldanubian Unit ◽  
Organic Deposits

Tertiary deposits have been known around Jihlava city for many years. However, they have never been thoroughly studied. Most of the known occurrences are situated in the Jihlava Furrow. During the drilling research, these Tertiary deposits were newly detected in three wells: HGM-1, V1 and V4. Facies analysis, petrography and gamma spectrometry were performed on samples taken from all three wells. The model of basement of Cenozoic deposits has been constructed. Based on facies analysis, 8 lithofacies (7 studied deposits and 1 eluvium) have been described. The study of lithofacies has made the recognition of the depositional environments of the Tertiary deposits possible. The depositional environments of these deposits are interpreted as fluvial channelized gravels and non-channelized deposits (flood plain, crevasse splays, oxbow lake and lake). The channelized gravels have been found by the well HGM-1 in the overburden of the crystalline rocks of the Moldanubian. Their thickness is relatively low (1.7 m) and the channels were probably not deep. The non-channelized deposits are formed by clays, silts and fine-grained sands. In the upper part of the succession a layer of organic deposits (peat) has been detected. The results of petrography have shown that material originated from local sources, especially Moldanubian Unit and Jihlava Massif (gneisses, mica-schistes, granitoids, less importantly pegmatites and phyllites). High concentrations of Th and U have been found in the studied deposits. These high concentrations can be associated with the source rocks. The values of Th /U and Th /K ratios are signifi cantly higher in the studied deposits than in eluvium. This indicates conditions of weathering and sedimentation, and also points to input of the material from several sources. The model of crystalline basement shows that there were probably at least two spatially separated fluvial river systems. One river system was situated in the area of Velký Beranov and Měšín. The preserved remains of the second system are visible in the area of Jihlava city and its peripheral parts (Bedřichov and Pávov).

Clay mineral compositions in surface sediments of the Ganges-Brahmaputra-Meghna river system of Bengal Basin, Bangladesh

2019 ◽  
Vol 412 ◽  
pp. 27-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Hafijur Rahaman Khan ◽  
Jianguo Liu ◽  
Shengfa Liu ◽  
Ashraf Ali Seddique ◽  
Li Cao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clay Mineral ◽  
Surface Sediments ◽  
River System ◽  
Bengal Basin ◽  
Mineral Compositions ◽  
The Ganges

scholarly journals Late Quaternary climatic fluctuations and the depositional history of the Bengal basin

1996 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. H. Monsur ◽  
M. M. M. Chowdhury
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
Salt Marshes ◽  
Late Quaternary ◽  
River System ◽  
Unconsolidated Sediments ◽  
Hydrodynamic Condition ◽  
Bengal Basin ◽  
Maximum Height ◽  
Climatic Fluctuations ◽  
Last Glaciation

The peak of the last glaciation (18,000 years BP) was evidenced by dry climatic condition and a narrow palaeoriver system in the Bengal basin. At the end of the last glaciation (about 10,000 years BP), amplified monsoon water plus deglaciated melt water from the Himalayas enormously flowed through these palaeoriver systems. The rivers were overloaded and overflowed, deposited a series of gravel beds in north Bengal, and also caused the erosion of Madhupur, Barind and Chalanbil, leaving a north-south elongated landmass. Sea-level started rising, attained its maximum height at about 5,500 years BP. The lines drawn from Ganakghata to North Nalbila in the Maiskhali Island and also from Cox's Bazar to Teknaf (eastern extremities of salt marshes) represent such an elevated palaeobeach line. Holocene sea­ level rise changed the hydrodynamic condition of river system and the deeply incised valleys were filled up with unconsolidated sediments. Holocene sea-level drop resulted the aerial exposition of the Hatia, Kutubdia, Sandip and other near shore islands of the Bay of Bengal.

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