EVALUATION OF ASSOCIATION BETWEEN AGE, GENDER,DURATION OF DIABETES MELLITUS AND HBA1C WITH THYROID PROFILE IN DIABETES MELLITUS PATIENTS

Aim: To describe the rate of the controlled level of glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) among diabetes mellitus patients in Dammam city, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). To assess the association between the status of HbA1c and the different patient-related factors namely: insulin use, metformin, dyslipidemia, and statin use. Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed at Security Forces Hospital, Dammam, KSA, between November 2020 and February 2021. A sample of two hundred known diabetic patients who were regularly followed up at the outpatient department (OPD) was selected randomly for the current study. Results: A very low rate (24%) of controlled HbA1C levels in patients with diabetes (type 1 DM and type 2 DM), The data showed that 85 % of all participants in our study are T2DM patients, while only 15% are T1DM patients, Our data showed that patients with dyslipidemia, hypothyroidism, or hypertension have a high level of uncontrolled HbA1C levels. Surprisingly, both dyslipidemia and statin use were predictors of uncontrolled HbA1C, Unexpectedly, non-metformin use has a protective effect toward controlling HbA1C, While insulin use is a strong predictor of uncontrolled HbA1C (OD 5.20). Conclusion: A low rate of controlled glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level among patients with diabetes (T1DM and T2DM) in our sample urges the need for immediate intervention to investigate and improve the current findings. Further investigations are needed to fully explain the high rate of uncontrolled HbA1c among insulin, metformin and statins users. Keywords: Glycated hemoglobin, HbA1c, Diabetes mellitus, Statins, Metformin.

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A study to assess the correlation between HbA1c and microalbuminuria among diabetics

International Journal of Advances in Medicine ◽

10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20205454 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 16

Author(s):

Sruthi Kare ◽

Vishwanath N. Reddy ◽

Thejdeep Mahamkali

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Diabetic Nephropathy ◽

Socioeconomic Development ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Duration Of Diabetes ◽

Medical College ◽

Significant Linear Correlation ◽

Patients With Diabetes

Background: India is one of the epicentres of the global diabetes mellitus pandemic. Rapid socioeconomic development and demographic changes, along with increased susceptibility for Indian individuals, have led to the explosive increase in the prevalence of diabetes mellitus in India over the past four decades. Diabetic Nephropathy is a common consequence of long-standing diabetes mellitus. The development of diabetic nephropathy has a dramatic increase on the morbidity and mortality of patients with diabetes. Objective of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of microalbuminuria in patients with diabetes mellitus patients. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on T 2 diabetes mellitus patients visiting medicine OPD of R L Jalappa hospital constituent hospital of Sri Deveraj Urs Medical College, Tamaka, Kolar from May 2016 to July 2016. A total of 60 type-2 diabetes patients were enrolled in the study.Results: Average duration of diabetes among study group was 8 years and most of the patients were between 6-10 years. In type 2DM patients, microalbuminuria and glycemic control have shown a significant linear correlation with duration of diabetes (p<0.05). Also, micro albuminuria has a significant correlation with increase in level of glycosylated haemoglobin. Conclusions: The prevalence of microalbuminuria in diabetic patients was found to be high and being a developing country; there is a dire need that microalbuminuria and HbA1c testing should be done in both, newly diagnosed as well as already diagnosed type 2DM patients as an early marker of renal risk factor.

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Knowledge about Diabetic Retinopathy, Eye Check-up Practice and Associated Factors among Adult Patients with Diabetes Mellitus Attending at Debark Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia

10.21203/rs.2.16562/v5 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Abel Sinshaw Assem ◽

Mebratu Muusew Tegegne ◽

Destaye Shiferaw Alemu ◽

Asamere Tsegaw Woredekal ◽

Tsehay Kassa Tefera

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Diabetic Retinopathy ◽

Northwest Ethiopia ◽

Good Knowledge ◽

Eye Disease ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Duration Of Diabetes ◽

Patients With Diabetes ◽

History Of ◽

Eye Examination

Abstract Background: Routine eye examination plays a vital role in detecting diabetic retinopathy in its earliest stage before the onset of blindness. Patients’ knowledge about the nature and the consequences of diabetic retinopathy and routine eye checkup helps for timely identification and early treatment. However, there is limited evidence on knowledge of patients with diabetes mellitus on diabetic retinopathy and their eye check-up practices in Ethiopia. The aim of this study was to assess knowledge about diabetic retinopathy, eye check-up practice and associated factors of diabetic retinopathy among adult diabetic patients at Debark hospital, Northwest Ethiopia. Methods: Institution based cross-sectional study was conducted at Debark hospital, Northwest Ethiopia, from April 20/2018- May 20/2018. A pretested interviewer administered structured questionnaire was used to collect data among 230 diabetic patients aged 18 years and above. Data were entered in to Epi Info version 7 and exported to SPSS version 20 for analysis. Bivariable and multivariable binary logistic regression analyses were done. Odds ratio with 95% confidence level was determined and variables with p–value of < 0.05 were considered as statistically significant. Result: Out of 238 sample 230 were participated, among this, 119 (51.7%) were males. The mean age of the respondents was 49 (SD ±17.6) years. One hundred nine (47.4%) participants had good knowledge and 91 (39.6%) had good eye check-up practice. Urban residence [AOR= 2.65;95% CI: 1.16-6.07)]), monthly income of 3501-8000 birr [AOR=4.54;(1.31-15.7)], type II diabetes mellitus [AOR=3.9;(1.6-9.6)], duration of diabetes (6-12 years[AOR=4.4;(1.4-13.5)]), history of eye disease [AOR=5.5;(2.3-13.0)] were associated with good knowledge. Similarly, longer duration of diabetes (13-25 years [AOR=3.77; (1.05-13.5)]) and history of eye disease [AOR=2.47; (1.09-5.62)] were associated with good eye check-up practice. Conclusion: The proportion of good knowledge about diabetic retinopathy among diabetic patients at Debark hospital was fair (47.4%) and good eye check-up practice (eye examination at least once in the past year) was low (39.6%). Longer duration of diabetes and history of eye disease were identified as positive factors for good knowledge and eye check-up practice. Knowledge and regular eye check-up practice needs to be enhanced through provision of appropriate health education.

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Knowledge about diabetic retinopathy, eye check-up practice and associated factors among patients with diabetes mellitus attending Debark hospital, northwest Ethiopia

10.21203/rs.2.16562/v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Mebratu Muusew Tegegne ◽

Abel Sinshaw Assem ◽

Destaye Shiferaw Alemu ◽

Asamere Tsegaw Woredekal ◽

Tsehay Kassa Alemu

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Diabetic Retinopathy ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Northwest Ethiopia ◽

Good Knowledge ◽

Eye Disease ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Duration Of Diabetes ◽

Patients With Diabetes ◽

History Of

Abstract Background: Routine eye examination plays a vital role in detecting diabetic retinopathy in its earliest stage before the onset of blindness. Patients’ knowledge about the nature and the consequences of diabetic retinopathy and routine eye checkup helps in timely identification and early treatment. However, there is limited evidence on knowledge of patients with diabetes mellitus on diabetic retinopathy and their eye check-up practices in Ethiopia in general and the study area in particular. Purpose: The aim of this study was to assess knowledge, eye check-up practice and associated factors of diabetic retinopathy among diabetic patients at Debark hospital, Northwest Ethiopia. Materials and Methods: Institution based cross – sectional study was conducted at Debark hospital, Northwest Ethiopia, from April 20/2018- May 20/2018. A pretested interviewer administered structured questionnaire was used to collect data among 230 diabetic patients aged 18 years and above. Data were entered in to Epi Info version 7 and exported to SPSS version 20 for analysis. Bivariable and multivariable binary logistic regression analyses were done. Odds ratio with 95% confidence level was determined and variables with p–value of < 0.05 were considered as statistically significant. Result: Out of 238 sample 230 were participated, among this, 119 (51.7%) were males. The mean age of the respondents was 49 (SD ±17.6) years. One hundred nine (47.4%) participants had good knowledge and 91 (39.6%) had good eye check-up practice. Urban residence [AOR= 2.65;95% CI: 1.16-6.07)]), monthly income of 3501-8000 birr [AOR=4.54;(1.31-15.7)], type II diabetes mellitus [AOR=3.9;(1.6-9.6)], duration of diabetes (6-12 years[AOR=4.4;(1.4-13.5)]), history of eye disease [AOR=5.5;(2.3-13.0)] were associated with good knowledge. Similarly, longer duration of diabetes (13-25 years [AOR=3.77; (1.05-13.5)]) and history of eye disease [AOR=2.47;(1.09-5.62)] were associated with good eye check-up practice. Conclusion: The proportion of good knowledge about diabetic retinopathy among diabetic patients was fair (47.4%) in the study setting and good eye check-up practice was low (39.6%) Longer duration of diabetes and history of eye disease were identified as positive factors for good knowledge and eye check-up practice. Knowledge and regular eye check-up practice needs to be enhanced through provision of appropriate health education.

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Knowledge About Diabetic Retinopathy, Eye Check-Up Practice And Associated Factors Among Adult Patients With Diabetes Mellitus Attending At Debark Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia

10.21203/rs.2.16562/v2 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Mebratu Muusew Tegegne ◽

Abel Sinshaw Assem ◽

Destaye Shiferaw Alemu ◽

Asamere Tsegaw Woredekal ◽

Tsehay Kassa Tefera

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Diabetic Retinopathy ◽

Northwest Ethiopia ◽

Good Knowledge ◽

Eye Disease ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Duration Of Diabetes ◽

Patients With Diabetes ◽

History Of ◽

Eye Examination

Abstract Background:Routine eye examination plays a vital role in detecting diabetic retinopathy in its earliest stage before the onset of blindness. Patients’ knowledge about the nature and the consequences of diabetic retinopathy and routine eye checkup helps in timely identification and early treatment. However, there is limited evidence on knowledge of patients with diabetes mellitus on diabetic retinopathy and their eye check-up practices in Ethiopia.The aim of this study was to assess knowledge, eye check-up practice and associated factors of diabetic retinopathy among adult diabetic patients at Debark hospital, Northwest Ethiopia.Methods: Institution based cross – sectional study was conducted at Debark hospital, Northwest Ethiopia, from April 20/2018- May 20/2018. A pretested interviewer administered structured questionnaire was used to collect data among 230 diabetic patients aged 18 years and above. Data were entered in to Epi Info version 7 and exported to SPSS version 20 for analysis. Bivariable and multivariable binary logistic regression analyses were done. Odds ratio with 95% confidence level was determined and variables with p–value of < 0.05 were considered as statistically significant.Result: Out of 238 sample 230 were participated, among this, 119 (51.7%) were males. The mean age of the respondents was 49 (SD ±17.6) years. One hundred nine (47.4%) participants had good knowledge and 91 (39.6%) had good eye check-up practice. Urban residence [AOR= 2.65;95% CI: 1.16-6.07)]), monthly income of 3501-8000 birr [AOR=4.54;(1.31-15.7)], type II diabetes mellitus [AOR=3.9;(1.6-9.6)], duration of diabetes (6-12 years[AOR=4.4;(1.4-13.5)]), history of eye disease [AOR=5.5;(2.3-13.0)] were associated with good knowledge. Similarly, longer duration of diabetes (13-25 years [AOR=3.77; (1.05-13.5)]) and history of eye disease [AOR=2.47; (1.09-5.62)] were associated with good eye check-up practice. Conclusion: The proportion of good knowledge about diabetic retinopathy among diabetic patients at Debark hospital was fair (47.4%) and good eye check-up practice (eye examination at least once in the past year) was low (39.6%). Longer duration of diabetes and history of eye disease were identified as positive factors for good knowledge and eye check-up practice. Knowledge and regular eye check-up practice needs to be enhanced through provision of appropriate health education.

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A CASE STUDY ON REDUCTION OF LUNG FUNCTIONS IN PATIENTS WITH DIABETES MELLITUS IN ANDHRA PRADESH, INDIA

Universal Journal of Pharmaceutical Research ◽

10.22270/ujpr.v6i5.676 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Bantupalli Suranjan ◽

Atluri Deekshit ◽

Bala Yaswanth Kumar S ◽

Gutha Bala Teja

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Pulmonary Function ◽

Peer Review ◽

Pulmonary Function Tests ◽

Forced Expiratory Volume ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Respiratory Organ ◽

Study Results ◽

Patients With Diabetes ◽

Group B

Background and Objectives: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the pulmonary functions in patients with diabetes. Many studies additionally counsel that the respiratory organ as an organ in diabetes and glycemic exposure could also be an effort issue for reduced respiratory organ operate. Systemic inflammation, hypoxemia, oxidative stress, altered gas exchange, and changes in lung tissues were the major impacts on the respiratory system which were induced by hypoglycemia. Methods: Forty individual patients of both sexes were involved in the study and divided into two groups depending on their conditions. Group A consists of individuals without any complications or any disease conditions and group B consists of diabetic patients excluding smokers and divided into twenty to each group. Results: SPSS software was used for the analysis and spirometry was the device used to determine the pulmonary function. Values of Forced Expiratory Volume 1, Forced Vital Capacity, Forced Expiratory Flow, FEV% were only considered in the study and the study results conclude that diabetes shows its effect on the lungs in long term and leads to a decrease in lung function. Conclusion: It was concluded that that monitoring the Pulmonary function tests of the diabetic patients helps the individuals to avoid any complications further ahead and also it helps to ease the flow of the recovery and also prevent further more comorbidity that might arise in the future. Peer Review History: Received: 1 September 2021; Revised: 10 October; Accepted: 4 October, Available online: 15 November 2021 Academic Editor: Dr. A.A. Mgbahurike, University of Port Harcourt, Nigeria, [email protected] UJPR follows the most transparent and toughest ‘Advanced OPEN peer review’ system. The identity of the authors and, reviewers will be known to each other. This transparent process will help to eradicate any possible malicious/purposeful interference by any person (publishing staff, reviewer, editor, author, etc) during peer review. As a result of this unique system, all reviewers will get their due recognition and respect, once their names are published in the papers. We expect that, by publishing peer review reports with published papers, will be helpful to many authors for drafting their article according to the specifications. Auhors will remove any error of their article and they will improve their article(s) according to the previous reports displayed with published article(s). The main purpose of it is ‘to improve the quality of a candidate manuscript’. Our reviewers check the ‘strength and weakness of a manuscript honestly’. There will increase in the perfection, and transparency. Received file: Reviewer's Comments: Average Peer review marks at initial stage: 5.5/10 Average Peer review marks at publication stage: 7.0/10 Reviewers: Kolawole Oyetunji Timothy, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria. [email protected] Dr. Nuray Arı, Ankara University, Turkiye, [email protected] Rima Benatoui, Laboratory of Applied Neuroendocrinology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Badji Mokhtar University Annaba, BP12 E L Hadjar–Algeria, [email protected] Similar Articles: CLINICAL COURSE AND DISEASE OUTCOME IN COVID-19 PATIENTS WITH DIABETES MELLITUS THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN DIABETES MELLITUS AND TUBERCULOSIS IN REVIEW OF PREVALENCE, DIAGNOSTICS AND PREVENTION

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Systemic Erythropoietin Concentration and its Correlation with Stage of Diabetic Retinopathy

10.21203/rs.2.12950/v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Sofija Davidović ◽

Babić Nikola ◽

Jovanović Sandra ◽

Barišić Sava ◽

Grković Desanka ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Diabetic Retinopathy ◽

Serum Concentration ◽

Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy ◽

Elevated Serum ◽

Average Concentration ◽

Control Group ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Study Results ◽

Patients With Diabetes

Abstract Summary: Background: Erythropoietin (Epo) is one of systemic angiogenic factors, and its role in ocular angiogenesis and in diabetic retinopathy (DR) is not yet fully understood. Latest research data reveal possible correlation of higher EPO concentrations of erythropoietin in blood and in the eye, with more severe of stages of DR. The main aim of this work was to examine the possible influence of serum concentrations of erythropoietin on the development and stages of diabetic retinopathy in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2. Methods: The research involved 90 patients examined at University Eye Clinic in Clinical Center of Vojvodina in Novi Sad, Serbia. First group comprised of 60 patients with diabetes mellitus lasting 10 years or more, with diabetic retinopathy. Second, control group, consisted of 30 healthy individuals. In the first group of 60 diabetic patients, 30 of them had non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR), and 30 had proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR). Laboratory EPO serum levels were determined, and they were correlated to the stage of DR. Concentration of EPO was assessed by ELISA method at the end of the study. Results: The highest average concentration of EPO in serum (9.95 mIU/ml) was determined in group of diabetics with PDR. The lowest average concentration of EPO in serum (6.90 mIU/ml) was found in control group. The average concentration of Epo in serum in group of diabetics with NPDR was 7.00 mIU/ml. EPO concentration in serum was elevated in group of PDR, and it was directly proportional to the level of clinical stadium of PDR, being significantly higher in moderate and severe subgroup of PDR comparing to control healthy subjects, NPDR and mild PDR (h=9.858, p=0.007). Conclusions: Significantly elevated serum concentration of EPO in advanced stages of DR, and positive correlation between EPO serum concentration and clinical stadium of PDR, suggest that erythropoietin presents one of the important growth factors from blood, which plays role in retinal ischemia and angiogenesis in diabetic retinopathy, especially in the proliferative stage of this disease. Keywords: diabetic retinopathy; erythropoietin; glycated hemoglobin; non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy; proliferative diabetic retinopathy.

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Diabetic Dermopathy (Shin Spots) and Diabetic Retinopathy - Are They Associated?

Journal of Evidence Based Medicine and Healthcare ◽

10.18410/jebmh/2020/575 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (48) ◽

pp. 2806-2810

Author(s):

Niya Babu ◽

Nima Teresa Andrew ◽

Mercy Paul ◽

Chakkalackal Varkey Anthrayose ◽

Anchitha Meenu Rajeev ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Diabetic Retinopathy ◽

Developed Countries ◽

Diabetic Microangiopathy ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Keywords Diabetic Retinopathy ◽

Duration Of Diabetes ◽

Patients With Diabetes ◽

The Mean ◽

The Developed Countries

BACKGROUND Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a major cause of avoidable blindness in the developing and the developed countries. Diabetic patients have 25 times more chance of becoming blind than the non-diabetics.1 According to the WHO, the number of people in India affected with Diabetes Mellitus in the year 2000 was 31.7 million which is estimated to rise to 79.4 million by 2030, which would be higher than any other country in the world. 75 percent of all Type 2 diabetics and almost all Type 1 diabetics are expected to develop diabetic retinopathy (DR) over a period of time.2 Diabetic dermopathy or shin spots are the commonest dermatological manifestation in patients with Diabetes Mellitus. It is also known as pigmented pretibial patches, spotted leg syndrome or diabetic dermangiopathy.3 Both diabetic retinopathy and dermopathy are manifestations of diabetic microangiopathy. We wanted to study the association between diabetic retinopathy and diabetic dermopathy. METHODS 182 patients (between 40 - 70 years of age) having diabetes mellitus for at least five years were included in the study and were examined for retinal changes and skin changes. The study period was six months. RESULTS Of the 182 diabetic patients included in this study, 106 (58.2 %) had diabetic retinopathy. Shin spots were seen in 158 cases (86.8 %). 100 (94.3 %) cases with diabetic retinopathy had shin spots. The mean duration of diabetes mellitus in patients with diabetic retinopathy was 11.85 years and it was 8.16 years in those without diabetic retinopathy. The mean duration of diabetes mellitus in patients with shin spots was 14.88 years and it was 10.70 years in those without shin spots. CONCLUSIONS There is significant association between diabetic retinopathy and diabetic dermopathy. KEYWORDS Diabetic Retinopathy, Shin Spots, Diabetic Dermopathy

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Knowledge about Diabetic Retinopathy, Eye Check-up Practice and Associated Factors among Adult Patients with Diabetes Mellitus Attending at Debark Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia

10.21203/rs.2.16562/v4 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Abel Sinshaw Assem ◽

Mebratu Muusew Tegegne ◽

Destaye Shiferaw Alemu ◽

Asamere Tsegaw Woredekal ◽

Tsehay Kassa Tefera

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Diabetic Retinopathy ◽

Northwest Ethiopia ◽

Good Knowledge ◽

Eye Disease ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Duration Of Diabetes ◽

Patients With Diabetes ◽

History Of ◽

Eye Examination

Abstract Background: Routine eye examination plays a vital role in detecting diabetic retinopathy in its earliest stage before the onset of blindness. Patients’ knowledge about the nature and the consequences of diabetic retinopathy and routine eye checkup helps for timely identification and early treatment. However, there is limited evidence on knowledge of patients with diabetes mellitus on diabetic retinopathy and their eye check-up practices in Ethiopia. The aim of this study was to assess knowledge about diabetic retinopathy, eye check-up practice and associated factors of diabetic retinopathy among adult diabetic patients at Debark hospital, Northwest Ethiopia. Methods: Institution based cross-sectional study was conducted at Debark hospital, Northwest Ethiopia, from April 20/2018- May 20/2018. A pretested interviewer administered structured questionnaire was used to collect data among 230 diabetic patients aged 18 years and above. Data were entered in to Epi Info version 7 and exported to SPSS version 20 for analysis. Bivariable and multivariable binary logistic regression analyses were done. Odds ratio with 95% confidence level was determined and variables with p–value of < 0.05 were considered as statistically significant. Result: Out of 238 sample 230 were participated, among this, 119 (51.7%) were males. The mean age of the respondents was 49 (SD ±17.6) years. One hundred nine (47.4%) participants had good knowledge and 91 (39.6%) had good eye check-up practice. Urban residence [AOR= 2.65;95% CI: 1.16-6.07)]), monthly income of 3501-8000 birr [AOR=4.54;(1.31-15.7)], type II diabetes mellitus [AOR=3.9;(1.6-9.6)], duration of diabetes (6-12 years[AOR=4.4;(1.4-13.5)]), history of eye disease [AOR=5.5;(2.3-13.0)] were associated with good knowledge. Similarly, longer duration of diabetes (13-25 years [AOR=3.77; (1.05-13.5)]) and history of eye disease [AOR=2.47; (1.09-5.62)] were associated with good eye check-up practice. Conclusion: The proportion of good knowledge about diabetic retinopathy among diabetic patients at Debark hospital was fair (47.4%) and good eye check-up practice (eye examination at least once in the past year) was low (39.6%). Longer duration of diabetes and history of eye disease were identified as positive factors for good knowledge and eye check-up practice. Knowledge and regular eye check-up practice needs to be enhanced through provision of appropriate health education.

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EFFECT OF AGE, GENDER AND DURATION OF DIABETES MELLITUS ON THYROID DYSFUNCTION IN PATIENTS OF DIABETIC

Pakistan Armed Forces Medical Journal ◽

10.51253/pafmj.v71i3.2692 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 71 (3) ◽

pp. 853-56

Author(s):

Kamran Ali ◽

Sajid Ali Shah ◽

Syed Murtaza Ali ◽

Raja Jibran Akbar ◽

Syed Qasim Raza ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Thyroid Dysfunction ◽

Military Hospital ◽

Ethical Review ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Thyroid Function Tests ◽

Duration Of Diabetes ◽

Patients With Diabetes ◽

Duration Of Disease ◽

Effect Of Age

Objective: To compare the effect of age, gender and duration of diabetes mellitus on thyroid dysfunction in patients of diabetic Study Design: Comparative cross sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: Medicine department, Combined Military Hospital, Peshawar, from Oct 2015 to Oct 2017. Methodology: The study was conducted after taking permission from hospital ethical review committee. Information was entered in the proforma, which included demographic information like age in years, gender, duration of disease and type of diabetes mellitus (DM) type. Already diagnosed patients with diabetes mellitus were included in the study. Thyroid function tests were carried out by standard laboratory procedure. Results: A total of 179 patients were included in our study, 114 (63.7%) were female and 65 (36.3%) were male. Mean body mass index in our study was 29.85 ± 3.88 kg/m2. Out of 179 patients 46 (25.7%) had thyroid dysfunction (TD). Out of the 46 patients with thyroid dysfunction, 14 patients (7.8%) had clinical hypothyroidism, while subclinical hypothyroidism was seen in 25 patients (14%). Clinical hyperthyroidism was reported in 3 (1.7%), while subclinical hyperthyroidism in 4 (2.2%) patients respectively. Conclusion: Age of patients, gender and duration of disease affect thyroid functions in patients with diabetes mellitus. Thyroid profile should be carried out in diabetic patients whose blood sugar level is difficult to control.

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