scholarly journals Cortical Morphology in Cannabis Use Disorder: Implications for Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Treatment

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-31
Author(s):  
Ghazaleh Soleimani ◽  
◽  
Farzad Towhidkhah ◽  
Mehrdad Saviz ◽  
Hamed Ekhtiari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Direct Current ◽  
Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Brain Morphology ◽  
Adjunctive Treatment ◽  
Group Level ◽  
Structural Alterations ◽  
Direct Current Stimulation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Cortical Morphology

Introduction: Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) has been studied as an adjunctive treatment option for substance use disorders (SUDs). Alterations in brain structure following SUD may change tDCS-induced electric field (EF) and subsequent responses. However, group-level differences between healthy controls (HC) and participants with SUDs in terms of EF and its association with cortical architecture have not yet been modeled quantitatively. Objective: We provided a methodology for group-level analysis of computational head models (CHMs) to investigate the influence of cortical morphology metrics on EFs. Method: Whole-brain surface-based morphology was conducted and cortical thickness, volume, and surface area were compared between participants with CUD (n=20) and age-matched HC (n=22). We also simulated EFs for bilateral tDCS over DLPFC. Effects of structural alterations on EF distribution were investigated based on individualized CHMs. Results: In terms of EF, no significant difference was found within the prefrontal cortex. However, EFs were significantly different in left-postcentral and right-superior temporal gyrus (P < 0.05) with higher level of variance in CUD compared to HC (F39,43=5.31,P<0.0001,C =0.95). We found significant differences in cortical area (caudal anterior cingulate and rostral middle frontal), thickness (lateral orbitofrontal), and volume (paracentral and fusiform) between two groups. Conclusion: Brain morphology and tDCS-induced EFs may be changed following CUD. However, differences between CUD and HCs in EFs do not always overlap with brain areas that showed structural alterations. To sufficiently modulate stimulation targets, it should be checked if individuals with CUD need to be given different stimulation dose based on tDCS target location.

scholarly journals Gender-specific modulation of short-term neuroplasticity in the visual cortex induced by transcranial direct current stimulation

2008 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
LEILA CHAIEB ◽  
ANDREA ANTAL ◽  
WALTER PAULUS
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Visual Cortex ◽  
Direct Current ◽  
Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation ◽  
Cortical Excitability ◽  
Gonadal Hormones ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Direct Current Stimulation ◽  
Significant Difference

Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a non-invasive method of modulating levels of cortical excitability. In this study, data gathered over a number of previously conducted experiments before and after tDCS, has been re-analyzed to investigate correlations between sex differences with respect to neuroplastic effects. Visual evoked potentials (VEPs), phosphene thresholds (PTs), and contrast sensitivity measurements (CSs) are used as indicators of the excitability of the primary visual cortex. The data revealed that cathodally induced excitability effects 10 min post stimulation with tDCS, showed no significant difference between genders. However, stimulation in the anodal direction revealed sex-specific effects: in women, anodal stimulation heightened cortical excitability significantly when compared to the age-matched male subject group. There was no significant difference between male and female subjects immediately after stimulation. These results indicate that sex differences exist within the visual cortex of humans, and may be subject to the influences of modulatory neurotransmitters or gonadal hormones which mirror short-term neuroplastic effects.

Transcranial direct current stimulation relieves visceral hypersensitivity via normalizing GluN2B expression and neural activity in anterior cingulate corter

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Xiao ◽  
Lei Xie ◽  
Qi-Ya Xu ◽  
Li Chen ◽  
Huan Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Direct Current ◽  
Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation ◽  
Analgesic Effect ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Pharmacological Therapy ◽  
Visceral Hypersensitivity ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Direct Current Stimulation ◽  
Colorectal Distention ◽  
Irritable Bowel

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is one of the most common clinical diseases with treatment for which being challenging. The aim of this study is to investigate whether transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) has analgesic effect on visceral hypersensitivity (VH) in an animal model of IBS as well as the underlying mechanism. Since the activation of GluN2B in anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) takes part in VH, we examined whether and how GluN2B in ACC take part in the effect of tDCS. Neonatal maternal deprivation (NMD), a valuable experimental model to study the IBS pathophysiology, was used to induce visceral hypersensitivity of rats. We quantified VH as colorectal distention threshold and performed patch clamp recordings of ACC neurons. The expression of GluN2B were determined by RT-qPCR and western blotting. The GluN2B antagonist Ro 25-6981 was microinjected into the rostral and caudal ACC. tDCS was performed for 7 consecutive days. It was found that NMD decreased expression of GluN2B, which could be obviously reversed by tDCS. Injection of Ro 25-6981 into rostral and caudal ACC of normal rats induced VH and also reversed the analgesic effect of tDCS. Our data sheds light on the non-pharmacological therapy for chronic VH in pathological states such as IBS.

scholarly journals Effects of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation on Neural Networks in Young and Older Adults

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (11) ◽  
pp. 1817-1828 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew K. Martin ◽  
Marcus Meinzer ◽  
Robert Lindenberg ◽  
Mira M. Sieg ◽  
Laura Nachtigall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Direct Current ◽  
Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Semantic Fluency ◽  
Motor Speech ◽  
Word Generation ◽  
Direct Current Stimulation ◽  
Components Analysis

Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) may be a viable tool to improve motor and cognitive function in advanced age. However, although a number of studies have demonstrated improved cognitive performance in older adults, other studies have failed to show restorative effects. The neural effects of beneficial stimulation response in both age groups is lacking. In the current study, tDCS was administered during simultaneous fMRI in 42 healthy young and older participants. Semantic word generation and motor speech baseline tasks were used to investigate behavioral and neural effects of uni- and bihemispheric motor cortex tDCS in a three-way, crossover, sham tDCS controlled design. Independent components analysis assessed differences in task-related activity between the two age groups and tDCS effects at the network level. We also explored whether laterality of language network organization was effected by tDCS. Behaviorally, both active tDCS conditions significantly improved semantic word retrieval performance in young and older adults and were comparable between groups and stimulation conditions. Network-level tDCS effects were identified in the ventral and dorsal anterior cingulate networks in the combined sample during semantic fluency and motor speech tasks. In addition, a shift toward enhanced left laterality was identified in the older adults for both active stimulation conditions. Thus, tDCS results in common network-level modulations and behavioral improvements for both age groups, with an additional effect of increasing left laterality in older adults.

scholarly journals Comparison of the effects of transcranial direct current stimulation and mindfulness-based stress reduction on mental fatigue, quality of life and aggression in mild traumatic brain injury patients: a randomized clinical trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheida Shirvani ◽  
Mohammadreza Davoudi ◽  
Masoud Shirvani ◽  
Peiman Koleini ◽  
Safora Hojat Panah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Direct Current ◽  
Stress Reduction ◽  
Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation ◽  
Mental Fatigue ◽  
Direct Current Stimulation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The World ◽  
Mindfulness Based Stress Reduction

Abstract Background The rate of traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) due to the accidents is high around the world. Patients with mild TBIs may suffer from some psychological disorders, including aggression, and mental fatigue, and thus their quality of life decreased. Among different treatments for TBI, two treatments, namely transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), and mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) have shown to be effective. Therefore, this study aimed to compare the effects of these two treatments on mental fatigue, aggression and quality of life in mTBI patients. Materials and methods This randomized controlled trial study was conducted on 48 TBI patients referred to emergency and neurosurgery departments of Shahid Beheshti Hospital, Kashan, Iran. They were selected using the convenience sampling method. Data were collected using the mental fatigue scale, the World Health Organization Quality of Life-BREF (short version), and the Buss–Perry Aggression Questionnaires. Then, the data were analyzed using a Mixed Repeated Measures ANOVAs, and the Levene and Kolmogorov–Smirnov tests by SPSS-23 software. Results The mean age of patients in the three groups of MBSR, tDCS and control were 69.38 + 6.11 (25% male), 25.40 + 12.11 (25% male) and 69.37 + 0.2 (18.8% male), respectively. There was no significant difference between the three groups in terms of mental fatigue, quality of life and aggression (P < 0.05). In addition, the results showed that there was a significant difference between the main effect of time and the interaction between time and group (P < 0.001). Conclusions Both MBSR and tDCS methods are effective in reducing the mental fatigue and aggression and increasing quality of life of mTBI patients; MBSR treatment, as indicated in the present study, can be more effective than tDCS in patients with mTBI. Trial registration : Thailand Registry of Clinical Trials, TCTR20180827003 Registered on August 24, 2018.

scholarly journals Effect of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation on an Individual’s Ability to Learn to Control a Brain-Computer Interface

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Erika Renda ◽  
Sarah Amirali Karmali ◽  
Ivona Yordanova ◽  
Shira Schwartz ◽  
Yacine Mahdid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Motor Imagery ◽  
Direct Current ◽  
Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Motor Impairments ◽  
Direct Current Stimulation ◽  
Electrical Brain Activity ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Experimental Group

Purpose: Brain-computer interfaces (BCI) are systems which enable direct communication between a brain and an external device by translating electrical brain activity into meaningful output. This technology can be used by individuals with motor impairments to interact and communicate with their external environment. BCIs based upon manipulating the sensorimotor rhythm (SMR) through motor imagery have lengthy learning periods, which present a significant barrier to using this technology. We hypothesize that this learning period will be significantly reduced by transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), which temporarily augments cortical excitability.Methods: Participants were assigned into two groups - the experimental group, which received tDCS, and a control group, which received sham stimulation. Following tDCS, the participants used a SMR-based BCI to move a falling ball to hit targets that appeared on the left or right side of screen. The effect of tDCS was assessed by comparing the overall task accuracy and the SMR change during motor imagery between the two groups .Results: The experimental group was significantly more accurate in controlling the BCI than the control group (p = 0.021); however, there was no significant difference between groups in the SMR change upon motor imagery (p = 0.22). Conclusions. tDCS can be used to improve the performance of healthy individuals learning to use an SMR-based BCI. 

scholarly journals To Combine or Not to Combine Physical Therapy With tDCS for Stroke With Shoulder Pain? Analysis From a Combination Randomized Clinical Trial for Rehabilitation of Painful Shoulder in Stroke

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janaina Andressa de Souza ◽  
João Carlos Ferrari Corrêa ◽  
Anna Marduy ◽  
Letizzia Dall'Agnol ◽  
Maria Helena Gomes de Sousa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Physical Therapy ◽  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Shoulder Pain ◽  
Motor Function ◽  
Direct Current ◽  
Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation ◽  
Direct Current Stimulation ◽  
Significant Difference

Purpose: Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) is an intervention that seems to be an ideal tool to enhance the effects of rehabilitation therapies given it facilitates generation of plasticity in the stimulated brain area. In stroke this strategy has been highly utilized; however, the results have been mixed. In this trial we have evaluated the analgesic and functional effects of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) combined with physiotherapy in stroke survivors with shoulder pain.Methods: Twenty-six stroke surviving adults with shoulder pain received 10 sessions of passive mobilization and performed upper limb exercises using a cycle ergometer, combined with active or sham tDCS. The intensity of pain in the hemiplegic shoulder was measured using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS); secondary outcomes were the level of motor impairment, handgrip strength, range of motion, motor function of the upper limbs, and quality of life (QOL) assessed before and after 10 sessions and 1 month after the end of the treatment.Results: A clinically important pain reduction (3 points) was found in both groups and was maintained at follow-up; there was no significant difference between groups (p = 0.3). Similarly, the shoulder range of motion improved, motor function and quality of life improved showed no significant differences between groups. One result that needs to be underscored is that both groups had a significant effect size toward improvement in all of these outcomes.Conclusions: We discuss in this study that tDCS is not a useful combination strategy when the physical therapy has a large effect by itself and we also review other negative trials of combined therapy under this framework of ceiling effect of the main physical therapy.Trial registry: Trial registration: Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials, RBR-8F5MNY (http://www.ensaiosclinicos.gov.br/rg/RBR-8f5mny/). Registered on June 2, 2017.Beginning of the recruitment of the volunteers: august, 2017.

scholarly journals Comparison of the Effects of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation and Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction on Mental Fatigue, Quality of Life and Aggression in Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Patients: A Randomized Clinical Trial

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheida Shirvani ◽  
mohammadreza davoudi ◽  
Masoud Shirvani ◽  
Peiman Koleini ◽  
Safora Hojat Panah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Direct Current ◽  
Stress Reduction ◽  
Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation ◽  
Mental Fatigue ◽  
Direct Current Stimulation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The World ◽  
Mindfulness Based Stress Reduction

Abstract Background: The rate of traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) due to the accidents is high around the world. Patients with mild TBIs may suffer from some psychological disorders, including aggression, and mental fatigue, and thus their quality of life decreased. Among different treatments for TBI, two treatments, namely transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), and mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) have shown to be effective. So, this study aimed to compare the effects of these two treatments on mental fatigue, aggression and quality of life in mTBI patients.Materials and methods: This randomized controlled trial was conducted on 2000 TBI patients referred to emergency and neurosurgery departments of Shahid Beheshti Hospital, Kashan, Iran, in 2017. They were selected using the convenience sampling method. Data were collected using the mental fatigue scale, the World Health Organization Quality of Life- BREF (short version), and the Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaires. Then, the data were analyzed using a Mixed Repeated Measures ANOVAs, and the Levene and Kolmogorov-Smirnov tests by SPSS-23 software.Results: Data were collected from 48 patients with mTBI. The mean age of patients in the three groups of MBSR, tDCS and control were 69.38 + 6.11 (25% male), 25.40 + 12.11 (25% male) and 69.37 + 0.2 (18.8% male), respectively. There was no significant difference between the three groups in terms of mental fatigue, quality of life and aggression (P <0.05). Also, the results showed that there was a significant difference between the main effect of time and the interaction between time and group (P <0.001).Conclusions: Both MBSR and tDCS methods are effective in reducing the mental fatigue and aggression and increasing quality of life of mTBI patients; MBSR treatment, as indicated in the present study, can be more effective than tDCS in patients with mTBI.Trial registration: Thailand Registry of Clinical Trials, TCTR20180827003 Registered on August 24, 2018.

scholarly journals Comparison of Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation and Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation on Upper Limb Recovery Among Patients With Recent Stroke

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (6) ◽  
pp. 428-437
Author(s):  
Ka Ying Doris Miu ◽  
Ching Kok ◽  
Sau Shan Leung ◽  
Elaine Y. L. Chan ◽  
Elaine Wong
Keyword(s):  
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Upper Limb ◽  
Direct Current ◽  
Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation ◽  
Motor Performance ◽  
Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Direct Current Stimulation ◽  
Upper Limb Function ◽  
Significant Difference

Objective To compare the efficacy of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) and transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on upper limb function recovery among patients who recently had stroke.Methods Subjects with recent stroke (within 1 month) were randomized to rTMS (n=25) and tDCS (n=26) applied over the non-lesioned hemisphere for three sessions per week, followed by tailored upper limb rehabilitation training for a total of 2 weeks. The primary outcomes were changes in the Motor Assessment Scale (MAS), Fugl-Meyer arm score test, Nine-Hole Peg Test (9HPT), hand grip strength, and modified Barthel Index at weeks 2 and 4. Both therapists responsible for training and assessment were blinded to the intervention allocated.Results There was an improvement in all the motor performance scales among both groups (p<0.001). These improvements persisted at discharge. However, there was no significant difference in any of the assessment scales between the two groups. The rTMS group showed a statistically non-significant greater improvement in MAS, 9HPT, and handgrip strength than the tDCS group.Conclusion Both interventions produce a statistically significant improvement in upper limb function. There was no statistically significant difference between the two intervention methods with respect to motor performance. It is suggested that a larger study may help to clarify the superiority of either methods.

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