The Relationship Between Muscle Strength and Range of Motion in Lower Extremity With Balance and Risk of Falling in Elderl

Purpose: The present study examined the relationship between muscle strength and range of motion in lower extremity with balance and risk of falling in the elderly. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study. The statistical population included healthy elderly (Mean±SD age: 65.64±4.95 y) in Rasht City, Iran. The study was conducted on 65 healthy elderly males who met the study inclusion criteria and were selected by convenience sampling method. In this study, to measure static and dynamic balance, Sharpened Romberg test and Get Up and Go test were conducted, respectively. Additionally, the falling risk was measured by the Berg Balance Scale. Moreover, the maximum isometric force of the muscle groups in the lower extremities was measured using a hand-held dynamometer, and the range of motion was measured by a goniometer. The obtained data were analyzed using descriptive and analytical statistics by SPSS. Results: The present study results demonstrated that the muscle strength of hip extension, hip abduction, hamstring, quadriceps, and ankle plantarflexion had a significant relationship with static balance; while being negatively related to dynamic balance (P≤0.05). Furthermore, we observed a significant and negative relationship between the muscle strength of ankle dorsiflexion and dynamic balance and risk of falling (P≤0.05). There was also a positive and significant relationship between the range of motion hip extension, knee flexion, plantar flexion, and ankle dorsiflexion and static balance, while indicating a negative and significant relationship between these variables and dynamic balance and risk of falling (P≤0.05). Conclusion: The muscle strength hip abduction, hip extensions, hamstring, quadriceps, plantar flexion, ankle dorsiflexion and range of motion hip extension, knee flexion, ankle plantar flexion, and dorsiflexion seem to affect balance maintenance and fall risk in the elderly.

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Effects of Vibration Rolling with and without Dynamic Muscle Contraction on Ankle Range of Motion, Proprioception, Muscle Strength and Agility in Young Adults: A Crossover Study

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph17010354 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (1) ◽

pp. 354 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Bo-Jhang Lyu ◽

Chia-Lun Lee ◽

Wen-Dien Chang ◽

Nai-Jen Chang

Keyword(s):

Young Adults ◽

Muscle Strength ◽

Muscle Contraction ◽

Range Of Motion ◽

Exercise Performance ◽

Plantar Flexion ◽

Ankle Dorsiflexion ◽

Plantar Flexor ◽

Flexor Muscle ◽

Warm Up

Vibration rolling (VR) has emerged as a self-myofascial release (SMR) tool to aid exercise performance when warming up. However, the benefits of VR on exercise performance when combined with dynamic muscle contraction are unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the immediate effects of the combination of VR with dynamic muscle contraction (DVR), VR, and static stretching (SS) during warm-up on range of motion (ROM), proprioception, muscle strength of the ankle, and agility in young adults. In this crossover design study, 20 recreationally active adults without musculoskeletal disorders completed three test sessions in a randomized order, with 48 h of rest between each session. Participants completed one warm-up intervention and its measurements on the same day; different warm-up interventions and measurements were performed on each of the three days. The measurements included ankle dorsiflexion and plantarflexion ROM, ankle joint proprioception, muscle strength, and agility. After DVR and VR intervention, ankle dorsiflexion ROM (both DVR and VR, p < 0.001), plantarflexion ROM (both DVR and VR, p < 0.001), plantar flexor muscle strength (DVR, p = 0.007; VR, p < 0.001), and agility (DVR, p = 0.016; VR, p = 0.007) significantly improved; after SS intervention, ankle dorsiflexion and plantar flexion ROM (dorsiflexion, p < 0.001; plantar flexion, p = 0.009) significantly improved, but muscle strength and agility were not enhanced. Compared with SS, DVR and VR significantly improved ankle plantar flexor muscle strength (p = 0.008 and p = 0.001, respectively). Furthermore, DVR significantly improved ankle dorsiflexion compared with VR (p < 0.001) and SS (p < 0.001). In conclusion, either DVR, VR, or SS increased ankle ROM, but only DVR and VR increased muscle strength and agility. In addition, DVR produced considerable increases in ankle dorsiflexion. These findings may have implications for warm-up prescription and implementation in both rehabilitative and athletic practice settings.

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Effects of Balance Shoes on Balance and Postural Stability in the Elderly: A Crossover, Controlled, Randomized Single-Blind Study

Healthcare ◽

10.3390/healthcare9020179 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 179

Author(s):

Nicolas Amiez ◽

Carole Cometti ◽

Éric Mouillon ◽

Marie José Teisseire ◽

Pascal Chenut ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Elderly People ◽

Postural Stability ◽

The Elderly ◽

Risk Of Falling ◽

Limits Of Stability ◽

Healthy Elderly ◽

Falling Risk ◽

Familiarization Period ◽

Healthy Elderly People ◽

Single Blind

The risk of falling increases with age. Individuals wearing unadapted shoes present an aggravating risk factor. The objective of this study was to determine the effectiveness of specifically designed balance shoes on balance and postural stability in healthy elderly people compared to that of their usual shoes. In total, 21 healthy individuals aged 65–84 years (76.0 ± 8.0 years) performed balance tests (bipedal with open or closed eyes, unipedal with open eyes, limits of stability, and step cadence) while wearing their (i) personal shoes or (ii) balance shoes (Axis Comfort Development©). Three test sessions were conducted with personal and balance shoes. The first served as the baseline, and the other two were performed after a familiarization period of several days with the personal or balance shoes. The perception of balance shoe efficiency was documented using a questionnaire. The balance shoes significantly improved bipedal balance with closed eyes. Moreover, the familiarization period significantly improved unipedal balance with open eyes. Most subjects felt safer and stabler using balance shoes. The investigated specifically designed balance shoes were effective in elderly individuals in improving postural balance compared to personal shoes. The balance shoes could, therefore, reduce the falling risk in healthy elderly people.

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The Effect of the TayCo External Ankle Brace on Multidirectional Reach Distance, Balance, and Motion in Collegiate Athletes

International Journal of Athletic Therapy & Training ◽

10.1123/ijatt.2019-0083 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 25 (6) ◽

pp. 323-327

Author(s):

Steven J. Smith ◽

Cameron J. Powden

Keyword(s):

Range Of Motion ◽

Sagittal Plane ◽

Dynamic Balance ◽

Plantar Flexion ◽

Collegiate Athletes ◽

Frontal Plane ◽

Plane Motion ◽

Lower Extremity Function ◽

Physically Active ◽

Ankle Brace

Ensuring ankle stability while allowing for functional movement is important when returning patients to physical activity and attempting to prevent injury. The purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of the TayCo external and a lace-up ankle brace on lower extremity function, dynamic balance, and motion in 18 physically active participants. Significantly greater range of motion was demonstrated for the TayCo brace compared with the lace-up brace for dorsiflexion and plantar flexion, as well as less range of motion for the TayCo brace compared to the lace-up brace for inversion and eversion. The TayCo brace provided restricted frontal plane motion while allowing increased sagittal plane motion without impacting performance measures.

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A PRELIMINARY STUDY OF AGE-SPECIFIC DIFFERENCES IN BALANCE, MUSCLE STRENGTH, AND POSTURAL SWAY FOR THE RISK OF FALLING

Journal of Mechanics in Medicine and Biology ◽

10.1142/s0219519417400218 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 17 (07) ◽

pp. 1740021

Author(s):

JIN SEUNG CHOI ◽

DONG WON KANG ◽

JEONG WOO SEO ◽

TAE HO KIM ◽

HAE MI CHO ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Muscle Strength ◽

Postural Sway ◽

Fall Detection ◽

The Elderly ◽

Berg Balance Scale ◽

Total Power ◽

Median Frequency ◽

Age Group ◽

Healthy Elderly ◽

Wide Range

Fall is the main cause of activity decline for the elderly. In general, it has been known to be closely related to decline in muscle strength and physical balance. The age profile of the elderly has a very wide range from 60 to 90 or more. Therefore, this study was to determine age-specific risk factors for falling in elderly individuals. Elderly females were included either in the old group ([Formula: see text]75 years; [Formula: see text], with 11 fallers and 24 nonfallers) or the older group ([Formula: see text]75 years; [Formula: see text], with 14 fallers and 22 nonfallers). The following were assessed and compared between the age-based groups and between fall-based subgroups (fallers and nonfallers within a given age group): height, weight, mental state, balance on the Berg balance scale (BBS), muscle strength of nine muscle groups, and 20 variables of postural sway. The two age-based groups differed significantly in terms of height, weight, balance, and postural sway (total sway area, 95% ellipse area, root mean square, mean distance, and total power); on the other hand, the fall-based subgroups differed only in terms of the median frequency of postural sway. Furthermore, the strength of the hip abductors displayed an interaction effect between age and fall status, and the result of main effect analysis revealed significant differences between fallers from the two age-based groups. These results confirm that extraction of specific factors for each age group is necessary to perform fall detection and prevention studies for the healthy elderly.

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CORRELATION OF ANKLE DORSIFLEXION RANGE OF MOTION WITH DYNAMIC BALANCE IN YOUNG NORMAL INDIVIDUALS

International Journal of Physiotherapy and Research ◽

10.16965/ijpr.2015.166 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 3 (4) ◽

pp. 1184-1187 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Pranali Suryavanshi ◽

◽

Ajay kumar ◽

Parag Kulkarni ◽

Prakash Patel ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Range Of Motion ◽

Dynamic Balance ◽

Ankle Dorsiflexion ◽

Normal Individuals

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Latihan Range of Motion Berpengaruh Terhadap Mobilitas Fisik pada Lansia di Balai Pelayanan Sosial Tresna Werdha Unit Abiyoso Yogyakarta

Jurnal Ners dan Kebidanan Indonesia ◽

10.21927/jnki.2016.4(3).169-177 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 4 (3) ◽

pp. 169

Author(s):

Hermina Desiane Hastini Uda ◽

Muflih Muflih ◽

Thomas Aquino Erjinyuare Amigo

Keyword(s):

Muscle Strength ◽

Life Expectancy ◽

Range Of Motion ◽

Social Services ◽

Gait Speed ◽

Joint Stiffness ◽

The Elderly ◽

Fine Motor ◽

Population Number ◽

Physical Mobility

The increasing of Life Expectancy has raised the population of the elderly. The highest population number of elderly in Indonesia can be found in Yogyakarta Special Region with 13.05%. The increasing life expectancy brings normal and pathological changes in the elderly as it relates to aging process in various systems. Normal changes are seen in the musculoskeletal system that is in the complete loss of muscle at the age of 80 (30%-50%). The changes can be found in such cases as rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, and osteoporosis. Such changes have made the elderly susceptible to hindrances of physical mobility which can be treated by giving range of motion (ROM) Exercises. The purpose of study to find out the effect of ROM Exercises against physical mobility for the elderly in Center for Social Services, Tresna Werdha, Unit Abiyoso Yogyakarta. This study was a qualitative research with an action research design. A purposive sampling method was used to collect the data from 5 respondents. Results: Physical mobility in elderly consists of five themes, namely range of motion, muscle strength, comfort, posture, and movement. ROM exercises provides changes in the ROM, comfort, and movement, but no change in the muscle strength and posture. Changes in the range of motion are found in the increased level of the range of motion which is seen in neck area and in reduced joint stiffness. Changes in comfort are seen in a feeling of happiness and less pain; yet, shortness of breath is not reduced. Changes in movement, which are different for every elderly, can be seen in increased gait speed, increased comfort which is the effect of fine motor skills, and decreased trembling. Conclusion: Some ROM exercises show effects on the physical mobility of the elderly. The effects can be traced from increased range of motion, comfort, and gait speed. Yet, the elderly’s posture and muscle strength do not experience any changes.

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PENGARUH PEMBERIAN RANGE OF MOTION (ROM) PASIF TERHADAP FLEKSIBILITAS SENDI PADA LANSIA DI PANTI SOSIAL TRESNA WERDA MINAULA KENDARI

Jurnal Kesehatan Manarang ◽

10.33490/jkm.v2i2.21 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 89

Author(s):

Sahmad Sahmad ◽

Reni Yunus ◽

Andi Sarmawan

Keyword(s):

Knee Joint ◽

Range Of Motion ◽

Plantar Flexion ◽

The Elderly ◽

Left Knee ◽

Joint Flexibility ◽

Passive Joint ◽

The Right ◽

Paired T Test ◽

Limited Motion

Aging is a physiological process that will reduce all the functions of organs, one of which is on the musculoskeletal system which can lead to limited motion. This study aimed to determine the effect of Range Of Motion (ROM) of the passive joint flexibility in the elderly in PSTW Minaula Kendari. This research was conducted in PSTW Minaula Kendari. Number of samples 12 people. This study uses the design of one group pretest-posttest. Leverage data is done through observation and documentation. Data were analyzed using paired t-test at 95% confidence level with a = 0.05 using computerized tools (SPSS-20). The results showed that there is the effect of passive ROM tehadap right knee joint flexibility by providing flexion (p = 0.00), extension (p = 0.00), the left knee with the provision of flexion (p = 0.01), extension (p = 0.00), with the provision of the right ankle dorsi flexion (p = 0.00), plantar flexion (p = 0.00), the left ankle with the provision of dorsi flexion (p = 0.00), plantar flexion (p = 0.00), the right foot by giving inverse (p = 0.00), eversion (p = 0.00), the left foot by giving inverse (p = 0.00), eversion (p = 0.00). The conclusion of this study is to show that there is the effect of passive ROM to the flexibility of the joints in the elderly.

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Effect of Game-Based Balance Training with CIMT on Pain, Muscle Strength, Range of Motion and Dynamic Balance in Female Patients with Total Knee Replacement

The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy ◽

10.18857/jkpt.2018.30.5.159 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 30 (5) ◽

pp. 159-165 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Hyo Bin Lee ◽

Ho Suk Choi ◽

Won Seob Shin

Keyword(s):

Muscle Strength ◽

Total Knee Replacement ◽

Range Of Motion ◽

Knee Replacement ◽

Dynamic Balance ◽

Balance Training ◽

Female Patients ◽

Total Knee

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Investigating the Relationship Between Lower Limb Flexibility With Motor Function and Risk of Falling in Visually Impaired Individuals

Physical Treatments - Specific Physical Therapy ◽

10.32598/ptj.11.2.429.2 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 93-102

Author(s):

Kamal Mohammad Khani ◽

◽

Mohammad Karimizadeh Ardakani ◽

Mohammad Hani Mansori ◽

◽

...

Keyword(s):

Range Of Motion ◽

Motor Function ◽

Significant Relationship ◽

Fall Risk ◽

Visually Impaired ◽

Pearson Correlation ◽

Influential Factor ◽

Lower Limbs ◽

Risk Of Falling ◽

The Relationship

Objective: The present study aimed to investigate the flexibility of the ankle and knee joints and to determine its relationship with balance, motor function, and risk of falling in visually impaired individuals. Methods: The sample consisted of 32 blind males, 20-30 years old. They were selected by the purposeful sampling method. We used modified stork tests, tendon gait, and Berg balance scale to evaluate their balance. The Tinetti test was used to evaluate motor performance and the Timed Up and Go (TUG) test to assess the risk of falling. The SLR test and Lunge test were used to assess the range of motion of the knee and ankle joint, respectively. This study was conducted in the men’s dormitories of Tehran University in the fall of 2019. The obtained data were normalized using the Shapiro-Wilk test and Pearson correlation coefficient at the significant level of 0.05 to investigate the relationship between the variables. Results: The results of the Pearson correlation test showed a significant relationship between balance (P=0.001), motor function (P=0.002), and TUG fall risk test (P=0.010) (ankle motor restriction). On the other hand, there was a significant relationship between balance (P=0.002), motor function (P=0.001), and TUG fall risk test (P=0.003) with hamstring flexibility test (knee motor restriction). Conclusion: Given the significant relationship between the range of motion of the lower limbs with balance and motor function, the use of stretching exercises can be an influential factor in increasing the range of motion of the ankle and knee in blind people, which improves balance, motor function, and reduced risk of falling in blindness.

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