scholarly journals Prevalence of low bone mineral density in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-infected patients and its correlation with other determinants

2021 ◽  
pp. 36-40
Author(s):  
Swati Mahajan ◽  
Rajiv Raina ◽  
Anupam Jhobta
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cd4 Count ◽  
Lumbosacral Spine ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Low Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus

Background: The patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are potentially at risk of low bone mineral density (BMD). The present study was done to find out the prevalence of low BMD in HIV-infected patients and its correlation with other factors such as gender, body mass index (BMI), CD4 count, and highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). Methods: This was an observational cross-sectional study conducted in a tertiary care center for 1 year period. A total of 127 HIV-infected patients were evaluated for BMD by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scans at two sites lumbosacral spine and bilateral neck femur. Correlation with other factors was also studied. Results: The diagnosis of low BMD was established in 105 (82.67%) patients. Osteoporosis (44.1%) was more common than osteopenia (38.6%) at the lumbosacral spine. The mean T score of the DEXA lumbar spine and bilateral neck femur was observed to be ?2.113 and ?1.379, respectively. Males (88.73%) had low BMD than females (75%). Approximately 94.5% of subjects having BMI <18 had low BMD in contrast to 80.8% among subjects having BMI >18. After treatment, 47 patients had CD4 count <400 and 80 > 400. Forty-three patients out of 47 (91.5%) had low BMD and 62 out of 80 (77.5%) had low BMD. Conclusion: Low BMD is prevalent in HIV-infected subjects. Low BMI, persistently low CD4 count, tenofovir containing HAART regimen showed a positive correlation with low BMD. Hence, HIV infection should be considered as a risk factor for bone disease.

scholarly journals Safety and Efficacy of 48 and 96 Weeks of Alendronate in Children and Adolescents With Perinatal Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection and Low Bone Mineral Density for Age

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane C Lindsey ◽  
Denise L Jacobson ◽  
Hans M Spiegel ◽  
Catherine M Gordon ◽  
Rohan Hazra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Virus Infection ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Safety And Efficacy ◽  
Low Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Perinatal Hiv ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Randomized Crossover Study

Abstract No safety concerns were identified in a randomized, crossover study of alendronate/placebo in youth with perinatal HIV infection and low bone mineral density (BMD). BMD improved with 48 weeks of alendronate and continued to improve with an additional 48 weeks of therapy. Gains were largely maintained 48 weeks after stopping alendronate.

scholarly journals Longitudinal Evolution of Bone Mineral Density and Bone Markers in Human Immunodeficiency Virus–Infected Individuals

2003 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 482-490 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristin Mondy ◽  
Kevin Yarasheski ◽  
William G. Powderly ◽  
Michael Whyte ◽  
Sherry Claxton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Bone Markers ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus

scholarly journals Alendronate Improves Bone Mineral Density in Children and Adolescents Perinatally Infected With Human Immunodeficiency Virus With Low Bone Mineral Density for Age

2019 ◽  
Vol 71 (5) ◽  
pp. 1281-1288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denise L Jacobson ◽  
Jane C Lindsey ◽  
Catherine Gordon ◽  
Rohan Hazra ◽  
Hans Spiegel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Safety And Efficacy ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Perinatally Infected

Abstract Background Children and adolescents with perinatal human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and with low bone mineral density (BMD) may be at higher risk of osteoporosis and fractures in later life than their uninfected peers. Bisphosphonate therapy has been shown to reduce fractures in adults with osteoporosis, but has not been formally studied in youths living with HIV. Methods Fifty-two children and adolescents (aged 11–24 years) perinatally infected with HIV with low lumbar spine (LS) BMD (Z score &lt; −1.5) were randomized to receive once-weekly alendronate or placebo in a double-blind cross-over study designed to assess the safety and efficacy of 48 and 96 weeks of alendronate in the United States and Brazil. All participants received daily calcium carbonate and vitamin D supplementation and were asked to engage in regular weight-bearing exercise. Safety and efficacy are summarized for the initial 48 weeks of the trial. Results Grade 3 or higher abnormal laboratory values, signs, or symptoms developed in 5 of 32 (16%) participants on alendronate and 2 of 18 (11%) on placebo (P &gt; .99). No cases of jaw osteonecrosis, atrial fibrillation, or nonhealing fractures were reported. Mean increases (95% confidence interval) in LS BMD over 48 weeks were significantly larger on alendronate (20% [14%–25%]) than placebo (7% [5%–9%]) (P &lt; .001). Similar improvements were seen for whole body BMD. Conclusions In this small study in children and adolescents perinatally infected with HIV with low LS BMD, 48 weeks of alendronate was well-tolerated, showed no safety concerns, and significantly improved LS and whole body BMD compared to participants on vitamin D/calcium supplementation and exercise alone. Clinical Trials Registration NCT00921557.

scholarly journals Negative correlation between bone mineral density and subclinical fractures in patients with human immunodeficiency virus

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 030006052098063
Author(s):  
Rui Ma ◽  
Jie He ◽  
Biao Xu ◽  
Rugang Zhao ◽  
Qiang Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Lumbar Spine ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
The Third ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus

Background Although low bone mineral density (BMD) is associated with an increased risk of fracture, few studies have assessed fracture rates in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Methods The occurrence of subclinical fractures in patients with HIV was assessed. Pearson’s chi-square test was used to analyze the relationship between subclinical fractures and related factors. Results Fifty patients with HIV were included, among whom 11 were diagnosed with subclinical fractures. These 11 patients had a mean body mass index of 24.127 ± 3.482 kg/m2, smoked a mean of 142.091 ± 3.482 cigarettes/month, drank a mean of 61.545 ± 13.026 mL/day of alcohol, had a mean CD4+ T cell count of 247.727 ± 181.679 cells/mm3, had a mean duration of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) of 4.27 ± 0.786 years, and had a mean BMD of the third lumbar spine of 0.810 ± 0.063 g/cm3. The AIDS duration and BMD of the third lumbar spine were significantly associated with subclinical fractures. The BMD of the third lumbar spine was negatively correlated with subclinical fractures. Conclusion A significant negative correlation was found between the BMD of the third lumbar spine and subclinical fractures.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document