Innovazione e ricerca nell'industria italiana. Alcune evidenze dell'indagine MET

2009 ◽  
pp. 193-207
Author(s):  
Raffaele Brancati ◽  
Davide Ciferri ◽  
Andrea Maresca
Keyword(s):  
Financial Crisis ◽  
Firm Size ◽  
Small Firms ◽  
National Level ◽  
Manufacturing Firms ◽  
Industrial System ◽  
Italian Regions ◽  
Italian Manufacturing Firms ◽  
Detailed Picture

- This work provides results from a survey based on a very large sample (25,000 firms) of Italian manufacturing firms carried out by MET in 2008. This survey, completed straight before the deepening of the financial crisis, aims to offer a detailed picture of the Italian industrial system with its regional, dimensional and sector-based variability. We show some evidence related to innovation and R&D activities. Intense heterogeneity among Italian regions is identified (other than north/south dualism). The main contribution of the work is to provide some measures of innovation and R&D for the smallest firms. Firm size is particularly relevant in explaining the intensity of R&D and the spread of innovation. Nevertheless, there is a key role of small firms in explaining the aggregate innovation performance both at regional and national level. Strong links between Innovation, R&D and Internationalisation are confirmed. R&D activities among small firms have specific characteristics: external research is widespread with an important role played by laboratories shared with other firms.

scholarly journals Landscape Architects as Related to the Landscape/Nursery Industry: II. Selection of the Production Nursery and Plant Availability

1992 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-77
Author(s):  
M.P. Garber ◽  
K. Bondari
Keyword(s):  
Firm Size ◽  
Small Firms ◽  
Large Firms ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Plant Availability ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Survey Results ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract Information concerning the role of the landscape architect in verifying plant availability and selection of the production nursery where landscape contractors obtain plants can help growers develop effective marketing plans. A survey of Georgia landscape architects indicates that about 84% of the respondents confirm availability of plant material specified. A higher percentage of large firms (about 92%) confirm availability compared to medium (85.7%) and small (79.3%) firms. The three most frequently used sources of information for landscape architects to confirm plant availability are favorite local grower, nursery catalogs, and landscape contractor likely to install plants. The top three choices are the same regardless of firm size. Survey results demonstrate that landscape architects not only confirm availability of plants but also play an important role in selecting the production nursery where landscape contractors obtain plants. Approximately 61% of all respondents indicate they determine/recommend the nursery where landscape contractors obtain plants. There is a significant difference among firm size in response to this question with large firms most active in selecting the production nursery (about 92%) followed by medium (57%) and small (50%) firms. The two factors that most influence the decision of large firms are plant quality and plant varieties. Large firms are more price conscious than medium or small firms. The results suggest that growers can enhance their sales by marketing their product directly to landscape architects.

Internationalization and performance: evidence from Chinese firms

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chao Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Firm Size ◽  
Small Firms ◽  
Manufacturing Firms ◽  
Research Database ◽  
Large Firms ◽  
Chinese Firms ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Overseas Subsidiaries ◽  
A Share

Purpose This paper aims to test the internationalization–performance relationship based on data of Chinese firms and the impact of firm size on the internationalization–performance relationship. Design/methodology/approach This paper uses overseas subsidiaries as a percentage of total subsidiaries to measure the degree of internationalization. As the overseas subsidiaries and total subsidiaries data of Chinese A-share listed firms are not available in any existing databases, the author hand-collected information on subsidiaries of Chinese A-share listed manufacturing firms from their annual financial reports during 2001-2014. The basic accounting and market information is collected from the China Stock Market and Accounting Research Database. This paper finally gets 535 manufacturing firms. Findings The empirical results suggest that the internationalization–performance relationship is W-shaped in overall samples, but varies with firm size. Specifically, the internationalization–performance relationship is W-shaped in small firms and U-shaped in large firms. Research limitations/implications Future studies based on unlisted Chinese firms or other measurement of internationalization may provide further understanding of the internationalization–performance relationship. Practical implications Policymakers should help small firms prepare a long-term internationalization strategy, giving more support for small firms in the first and third phases of internationalization and helping them to reach the second and fourth phases. Policymakers should also pay more attention to limit the aggressive internationalization behavior of large firms. Originality/value This study provides new evidence for the internationalization–performance relationship by using the unique longitude sample from China and the unique measurement of internationalization. We also highlight the importance of firm characteristics in the examination of internationalization–performance relationship, which provides a potential explanation for previous mixed evidence.

Employer Size and Labor Turnover: The Role of Pensions

ILR Review ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 707-728 ◽  
Author(s):  
William E. Even ◽  
David A. MacPherson
Keyword(s):  
Firm Size ◽  
Small Firms ◽  
Pension Plans ◽  
Labor Turnover ◽  
Large Firms ◽  
Worker Turnover ◽  
Worker Characteristics ◽  
Pension Coverage ◽  
The Relationship

The well-documented lower labor turnover in large firms than in smaller firms has been cited as evidence that large firms pay workers above their opportunity wage. This study investigates whether the relationship between firm size and turnover can instead be accounted for in part by size-related differences in the availability, portability, or generosity of pension plans. Analyzing extensive data for the years 1973–93, the authors find that pension coverage was associated with a greater reduction in worker turnover in large firms than in small firms. They also find that when appropriate controls for worker characteristics are employed, there is virtually no association between firm size and labor turnover for workers not covered by a pension.

scholarly journals The effectiveness of R&D support in Italy. Some evidence from matching methods

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 7-15
Author(s):  
Francesco Aiello
Keyword(s):  
Public Support ◽  
Manufacturing Firms ◽  
Matching Method ◽  
Matching Methods ◽  
Innovative Products ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Italian Manufacturing Firms ◽  
Objective Variable

In this study several matching procedures have been used to evaluate the impact of public R&D support received by Italian manufacturing firms over the three-year period 2004-2006. Data are from the Capitalia-UniCredit survey and estimations refer to a sample of 605 treated firms (untreated are 2414). The evidence is mixed and depends on the objective-variable under consideration. As far as the total amount of R&D investments is concerned, the role of public support to innovation is positive and significant, while no impact has been found when considering the R&D intensity and the share of sales due to innovative-products. These differences in results are quite regular, whatever the matching method applied in the evaluation.

scholarly journals The Missing “Missing Middle”

2014 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 89-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chang-Tai Hsieh ◽  
Benjamin A. Olken
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Informal Sector ◽  
Firm Size ◽  
Small Firms ◽  
Firm Growth ◽  
Bimodal Distribution ◽  
Manufacturing Firms ◽  
Large Firms ◽  
Missing Middle

Although a large literature seeks to explain the “missing middle” of mid-sized firms in developing countries, there is surprisingly little empirical backing for existence of the missing middle. Using microdata on the full distribution of both formal and informal sector manufacturing firms in India, Indonesia, and Mexico, we document three facts. First, while there are a very large number of small firms, there is no “missing middle” in the sense of a bimodal distribution: mid-sized firms are missing, but large firms are missing too, and the fraction of firms of a given size is smoothly declining in firm size. Second, we show that the distribution of average products of capital and labor is unimodal, and that large firms, not small firms, have higher average products. This is inconsistent with many models explaining “the missing middle” in which small firms with high returns are constrained from expanding. Third, we examine regulatory and tax notches in India, Indonesia, and Mexico of the sort often thought to discourage firm growth and find no economically meaningful bunching of firms near the notch points. We show that existing beliefs about the missing middle are largely due to arbitrary transformations that were made to the data in previous studies.

Green Dimensions, Environment Orientation and Size: Impact Assessment on Operational Performance of Manufacturing Firms

2020 ◽  
pp. 097215092091988
Author(s):  
Garima Gupta ◽  
Sonika Nagpal
Keyword(s):  
Impact Assessment ◽  
Firm Size ◽  
Manufacturing Firms ◽  
Green Marketing ◽  
Operational Performance ◽  
Corporate Sector ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Green Practices ◽  
Response Set

Rise in the environmental problems in past few years has led to discussions and debate concerning the actions required from government, corporate sector and society at large. Realizing that espousal of green marketing practices is now inevitable, all concerned stakeholders including the business firms are assuming responsibility to safeguard environment from further degradation by actively engaging in eco-friendly practices. It is in this backdrop that the current research delves into the green practices that specifically hold relevance for manufacturing firms. Using the technique of CFA on the response set obtained from 77 key officials, the study confirms the composition of green dimensions and examines the performance of each of the constituents on operational performance of sample firms. The study additionally contributes to the existing literature by analysing the role of management’s environment orientation and firm size in influencing the aforesaid impact and linkages. The insights provided in the article would be useful for the management of manufacturing firms in formulating appropriate mix of green activities that could enable them in effectively attaining their operational objectives. The limitations acknowledged in the present work pave way for future studies in the area of green marketing.

scholarly journals The role of manufacturing in the development of rural regions: Evidence from a highly industrialised Moravian region

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-52
Author(s):  
Jan Ženka ◽  
Simona Šťastná ◽  
Adam Pavlík
Keyword(s):  
Small Firms ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Manufacturing Firms ◽  
Rural Regions ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Favourable Environment ◽  
Municipal Level

Abstract Various types of manufacturing firms located in rural municipalities are identified in this paper, and we determine the intensity of their economic linkages at the local and regional levels. We also examine the factors affecting the intensity of local/regional sourcing and purchasing. Due to the unavailability of detailed economic data at the municipal level, our research draws on a case study of 26 rural manufacturing small/medium-sized enterprises located in the Zlín Region in the eastern part of the Czech Republic. As a highly industrialised region, Zlín should theoretically provide a very favourable environment for the development of local/regional productive linkages of rural manufacturing firms. Several non-parametric tests have been employed to test the effects of firm size, age, industry and location, on the intensity of local and regional purchasing/sourcing. We found the most common firms are those that purchase and sell mostly on a regional (NUTS3) level rather than on the local level. Small firms source and sell more locally than larger firms. Effects of the firm age, industry and location, on the intensity of local/regional sourcing and purchasing were not confirmed.

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