scholarly journals LEGAL REGULATION OF RELIGIOUS ISSUES IN THE POLISH CONSTITUTIONS OF THE FIRST HALF OF THE TWENTIETH CENTURY

2021 ◽  
pp. 4-7
Author(s):  
V. Patlachuk
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Religious Issues

Race, Care Work, and the Private Law of Inheritance

2015 ◽  
Vol 40 (02) ◽  
pp. 511-518
Author(s):  
Dorothy E. Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Social Inequality ◽  
Family Life ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Care Work ◽  
Private Law ◽  
Social Hierarchies ◽  
Inheritance Law ◽  
Gender And Race ◽  
The Family

In Someday All This Will Be Yours, Hendrik Hartog (2012) examines how private inheritance law structured the strategies people used at the turn of the twentieth century to induce relatives to care for them as they aged. Reading it as a book about social inequality and the family reveals how wealth, gender, and race not only worked to deny claims of marginalized caregivers but also to hide the way these social hierarchies affect family life. Although race does not figure in Hartog's analysis, highlighting its latent presence illustrates the often unspoken yet fundamental role race plays in legal regulation of families.

The Concept of Religion in Meiji Popular Discourse

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-62
Author(s):  
Makoto Harris Takao
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Conceptual History ◽  
Legal Concept ◽  
Popular Discourse ◽  
Religious Issues ◽  
Counter Narrative ◽  
Insight Into

This article challenges claims that the Japanese neologism shūkyō (as a translation for “religion”) lacked an established nature prior to the twentieth century and had little to do with experiences of the urban masses. It accordingly problematizes the term as a largely legal concept, highlighting historical newspapers as underutilized sources that offer insight into Meiji popular discourse and attendant conceptualizations of “religion.” This article endorses a shift in both our chronological understanding of shūkyō’s conceptual history as well as its sociocultural mobility. By expanding the milieu understood as being familiar with debates on a range of “religious” issues, this article thereby offers a counter-narrative in which regular use of shūkyō begins to clearly emerge from the mid-1880s, exponentially increasing with the following decades.

The Concept of Religion in Meiji Popular Discourse

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-62
Author(s):  
Makoto Harris Takao
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Conceptual History ◽  
Legal Concept ◽  
Popular Discourse ◽  
Religious Issues ◽  
Counter Narrative ◽  
Insight Into

Abstract This article challenges claims that the Japanese neologism shūkyō (as a translation for “religionȍ) lacked an established nature prior to the twentieth century and had little to do with experiences of the urban masses. It accordingly problematizes the term as a largely legal concept, highlighting historical newspapers as underutilized sources that offer insight into Meiji popular discourse and attendant conceptualizations of “religion.” This article endorses a shift in both our chronological understanding of shūkyō's conceptual history as well as its sociocultural mobility. By expanding the milieu understood as being familiar with debates on a range of “religious” issues, this article thereby offers a counter-narrative in which regular use of shūkyō begins to clearly emerge from the mid-1880s, exponentially increasing with the following decades.

The Ambiguities of Academic Freedom

1993 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 221-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
George M. Marsden
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Academic Freedom ◽  
American Association ◽  
University Professors ◽  
Lafayette College ◽  
Religious Issues ◽  
Political Views ◽  
Religious Dimensions

While most of the cases that led to the founding of the American Association of University Professors (AAUP) in 1915 had to do with firings of professors who had championed controversial political views, the AAUP founders were also concerned about dismissals on religious grounds. One case especially, that of Lafayette College, is particularly revealing not only of the character of the religious issues involved but also of the attitudes toward religion of those who defined what became the standard twentieth-century American concepts of academic freedom. Reflections on the religious dimensions of the construction of academic freedom in America also have important implications for religiously oriented higher education and scholarship today.

scholarly journals International legal regulation of the rights of persons with disabilities: problems of formation and development

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Serhii Viktorovich Maidanik
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Labor Market ◽  
International Law ◽  
International Cooperation ◽  
Public Life ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Disability Policy ◽  
Persons With Disabilities ◽  
Legal Documents

At the level of international legal regulation disability policy is currently one of the priority areas. However, such attention to the international legal protection of the rights of persons with disabilities has not always been the case, as the problems of persons with disabilities have long remained unnoticed by the international community. Rare attempts to improve the situation with persons with disabilities were usually limited to medical protection and integration into the labor market, while the task of their full and actual involvement in public life was not even set. The article analyzes the preconditions, reasons and features of the evolution of the system of international legal protection of the rights of persons with disabilities, as well as examines the transformation of approaches to defining the concept of "disability" at the level of international law. The article defines the main stages of the formation of international cooperation in the field of protection of the rights of persons with disabilities. The article presents the results of the analysis of international legal documents on disability policy for the period from the beginning of the twentieth century to 2020.

scholarly journals An Orientalist Contribution to “Catholic Science”: The Historiography of Andalusi Mysticism and Philosophy in Julián Ribera and Miguel Asín

Religions ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 568 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pablo Bornstein
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Religious Issues ◽  
Religious Doctrine ◽  
Positivist Science ◽  
Christian Origins ◽  
Christian Thought ◽  
To Come

This article provides a historiographical analysis of the principal works on Andalusi mysticism and philosophy in Spain at the turn of the twentieth century. It portrays the intellectual background in which the Arabist scholars Julián Ribera (1858–1934) and Miguel Asín Palacios (1871–1944) developed their studies, and their particular “presentist” concerns, highlighting how their works and publications on this field cannot be detached from contemporary national debates on religious issues. The contribution of these Orientalist scholars was especially relevant to the transnational movement in defense of a Catholic science. The adherents of this movement sought ways of stressing the compatibility of dogma with the findings of unbiased scientific works, against the perceived attack to religious doctrine they sensed coming from positivist science. The Spanish Orientalists would bring to light the importance of Eastern Christian thought in the development of medieval Muslim theology, therefore vindicating the Christian origins of Andalusi philosophical and theological production and rendering it easier for the Catholic Spanish public to come to terms with Orientalist queries.

scholarly journals Legal regulation of state financial control in the Russian Empire of the second half of the XIX century – the beginning of the XX century

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu. Pohodzilo
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Organizational Support ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
The State ◽  
Financial Control ◽  
Main Body ◽  
State Control ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
Xix Century

Problem setting. At present, the Institute of Public Financial Control is one of the main mechanisms for implementing financial and legal policy in Ukraine. At the same time, many questions regarding the legal and organizational support of the Institute, both in theory and in practice, have not yet been finally resolved and need further improvement. Since the 90’s of the twentieth century. Ukraine has started the transition to market relations. Financial and control bodies began to emerge, which appeared most often spontaneously in the state mechanism and were not brought into a single system, which was facilitated by the imperfect legal system. Therefore, it is no coincidence that their work today lacks proper coordination and coherence, and there is a clear and hidden duplication of functions, which leads to numerous abuses in the sphere of financial activity. Analysis of recent researches. Issues related to the formation and development of public financial control in the Russian Empire in the second half of the nineteenth century – beginning of the twentieth century, нave been the subject of scientific research of such scientists as: I.I. Blech, I.S. Blich, F.I. Bochkovsky, V.O. Tatarinov and others. Article’s main body. Pre-revolutionary historiography is rich in studies that have covered various aspects of financial policy, analyzed issues of budget, credit, taxation, including public financial control. In the pre-revolutionary period, neither the law nor the scientific literature used the term “state financial control”; instead, it used the term “state control”, which meant the procedure for verifying the execution of a decision made by anybody, or for the purpose of verification, and also the institution that conducted the audit. In the history of the Russian Empire in the 1960s, it was a time of transition to a new economic formation, the beginning of civil society formation and the transformation of state-legal institutions. This transition has undergone a number of transformations, including financial control reform, which has been of great importance for the development of the institution of public financial control. Conclusions and prospects for the development. From the 60’s of the XIX century and up to the end of the century in the Russian Empire observed: improvement of the legal framework of the system of state financial control; strengthening the position of the State Control as an independent body of financial control in the state mechanism; trend of decentralization of state financial control, development of previous financial control; putting in place the elements of publicity in the activities of financial control bodies.

scholarly journals Features of the organization and legislative regulation of education in the Russian Empire in the XIX – early XX century

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 (4) ◽  
pp. 10-17
Author(s):  
Nadegda Biyushkina
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Systematic Approach ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Field Of View ◽  
Russian State ◽  
Legislative Regulation ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
Terrorist Acts

In the field of view of the author are issues of legal regulation of education in the Russian state in the XIX - early XX century. It is noted that the educational process of the period under review was characterized by both academic and applied nature, as well as a systematic approach and the desire for standardization. The events that took place in the country during the ascension to the throne of Alexander III, in particular, numerous terrorist acts left a certain imprint on the domestic political course conducted in the country, including the legal regulation of educational relations, which remained unchanged until the beginning of the twentieth century.

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