scholarly journals Das Mittelwürm in Mitteleuropa und angrenzenden Gebieten

1964 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 187-198
Author(s):  
Hugo Gross
Keyword(s):  
Central Europe ◽  
Arid Regions ◽  
Type Locality ◽  
Northern Europe ◽  
Upper Palaeolithic ◽  
Baltic Basin ◽  
Upper Pleistocene ◽  
Cool Temperate ◽  
The Alps ◽  
The Baltic

Abstract. The Mid-Würmian "interstadial W I/II" plays a prominent part in the literature dealing with Pleistocene archaeology since 1931. This is not the case in the geological literature. Numerous strata dated by C14 measurement and sedimentanalysis, respectively, to be of Mid-Würmian age (between ca. 50000 and 30000 B.P.) in various Upper Pleistocene sequences are for the most part interstadial; ca. ten Würmian loess sequences dated by terrace morphology contain a Mid-Würmian considerable loam zone and a very weak vounger loam zone. These facts prove the reality of an interpleniglazial Mid-Würm between the two cold peaks of Early Würm and Young Würm. The interpleniglacial climate of Middle Würm was on the average rather a cool temperate one interrupted by warmer and colder oscillations. Within the Alps and in northern Europe the expansion of the Würmian and Weichselian ice-masses was stopped, they stagnated, their fronts oscillated more or less widely. At the close of the Middle Würm, the Würmian ice overflowed the northern Alpine passes and the Weichselian ice the Baltic basin, both as far as the Young Endmoraine girdle (Young Würm). In Central Europe Middle Würm divides the Middle and Upper Palaeolithic periods. To the Middle Würm has often been ascribed heretofore the well known loam stratum within the loess of Göttweig (Lower Austria), and with this loam has been correlated the basal loam zone of the triple Stillfried A complex of fossil soils displayed by loess sections of particularly arid regions (CSSR and eastern Lower Austria). Recent studies (the latest by palynology) of this loam have proved it to be of Riß/Würm Interglacial age. Till now, this correlation has not yet been demonstrated for the loam stratum of the type locality of Göttweig (also not datable by terrace morphology!). Therefore the term "Göttweig Interstadial" must be replaced by another name: Würmian Interpleniglacial.

scholarly journals Oil–source-rock correlation of the Lower Paleozoic petroleum system in the Baltic Basin (northern Europe)

AAPG Bulletin ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 101 (12) ◽  
pp. 1971-1993 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shengyu Yang ◽  
Hans-Martin Schulz ◽  
Niels Hemmingsen Schovsbo ◽  
Jørgen A. Bojesen-Koefoed
Keyword(s):  
Source Rock ◽  
Petroleum System ◽  
Northern Europe ◽  
Baltic Basin ◽  
Lower Paleozoic ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
Oil Source

Long-term changes in the frequency of cyclones and their trajectories in Central and Northern Europe

2005 ◽  
Vol 36 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 297-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mait Sepp ◽  
Piia Post ◽  
Jaak Jaagus
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Central Europe ◽  
Linear Trend ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Northern Europe ◽  
Moist Air ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
European Sector

Changes in the number of cyclones and cyclone trajectories in Central and Northern Europe during 1948–2000 are analysed using a database of cyclones. Two hypotheses are advanced. Firstly, the number of cyclones reaching Northern Europe has increased, causing a transition to a more maritime climate. Secondly, the trajectories of cyclones have moved northward, causing the advection of warm and moist air to Northern Europe and decreasing precipitation in Central Europe. These advances were confirmed by data analysis. A linear trend and its statistical significance (P<0.05) for the frequency of cyclones in the Atlantic–European sector (30°W–45°E, 35–75°N) were calculated. Circles with radii of 500, 1000, 1500 and 2000 km with centre coordinates 60°N and 22.5°E were generated. All the cyclones whose centres were located within these circles were counted. Also two meridians −5°E and 20°E – were selected and all the cyclones were counted whose centres crossed the meridians from west to east in the interval of 45–75°N. Changes in the frequency of long-term cyclones were analysed. The number of cyclones reaching Northern Europe has increased in the period 1948–2000. The number of cyclones over the Baltic Sea has increased, especially in the winter. In Central Europe, the number of cyclones has decreased, especially in the warm half-year. The number of long cyclones has increased over the Baltic Sea, especially in the cold half-year.

scholarly journals <i>Echinidinium zonneveldiae</i> sp. nov., a dinoflagellate cyst from the Late Pleistocene of the Baltic Sea, northern Europe

2002 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin J. Head
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Late Pleistocene ◽  
Northern Europe ◽  
Last Interglacial ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
Upper Pleistocene ◽  
Dinoflagellate Cyst ◽  
Southern Baltic Sea ◽  
The Baltic

Abstract. The dinoflagellate cyst species Echinidinium zonneveldiae sp. nov. is described from last interglacial (Eemian Stage; Upper Pleistocene) deposits of the southern Baltic Sea, where it contributes to the characterization of a diverse interglacial dinoflagellate flora represented by more than 50 species. Echinidinium zonneveldiae is a probable heterotrophic species and does not occur in the region today. The nomenclatural status of the genus Echinidinium Zonneveld, 1997 ex Head et al., 2001a is clarified, and it is noted that two of the seven species assigned to Echinidinium are not validly described.

scholarly journals Reinstatement of Leuctra biellensis Festa, 1942 (Plecoptera, Leuctridae)

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-43
Author(s):  
Gilles Vinçon ◽  
Louis Boumans ◽  
Jean-Luc Gattolliat
Keyword(s):  
Wide Distribution ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Type Locality ◽  
Type Material ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
Northern Europe ◽  
Southern Slope ◽  
Male Adult ◽  
The Alps ◽  
Different Populations

Both molecular and morphologic characters support the reinstatement ofLeuctrabiellensisFesta, 1942 as a valid species distinct fromLeuctranigra(Olivier, 1811). Genetic distances betweenL.biellensisand the different populations ofL.nigraare around 9%, while intraspecific distances amongL.nigrahaploclades are less than 1%. Morphologically, the two species can be separated in male adult specimens by the shape of the two teeth on tergite VIII, by the lateral edges of tergites and by the distal expansion of the paraprocts.Leuctrabiellensisoccurs on the southern slope of the Alps in Italy and Switzerland (Ticino and Graubünden), whileL.nigrahas a wide distribution in Central and Northern Europe. As the type material ofL.biellensiswas lost, and to avoid future confusion between the two species, we designate as neotype a male imago collected at the type locality.

Fragmentation in East Central Europe

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Klaus Richter
Keyword(s):  
Central Europe ◽  
Social Exchange ◽  
First World War ◽  
World War ◽  
East Central Europe ◽  
East Central ◽  
The First World War ◽  
New States ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
First World

The First World War led to a radical reshaping of Europe’s political borders like hardly any previous event. Nowhere was this transformation more profound than in East Central Europe, where the collapse of imperial rule led to the emergence of a series of new states. New borders intersected centuries-old networks of commercial, cultural, and social exchange. The new states had to face the challenges posed by territorial fragmentation and at the same time establish durable state structures within an international order that viewed them at best as weak and at worst as provisional entities that would sooner or later be reintegrated into their larger neighbours’ territory. Fragmentation in East Central Europe challenges the traditional view that the emergence of these states was the product of a radical rupture that naturally led from defunct empires to nation states. Using the example of Poland and the Baltic States, it retraces the roots of the interwar states of East Central Europe, of their policies, economic developments, and of their conflicts back to deep in the First World War. At the same time, it shows that these states learned to harness the dynamics caused by territorial fragmentation, thus forever changing our understanding of what modern states can do.

scholarly journals Variation of growth and phenology traits in poplars planted in clonal trials in Northern Europe—implications for breeding

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anneli Adler ◽  
Almir Karacic ◽  
Ann-Christin Rönnberg Wästljung ◽  
Ulf Johansson ◽  
Kaspars Liepins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Populus Trichocarpa ◽  
Selection Criterion ◽  
Volume Index ◽  
Northern Europe ◽  
Bud Burst ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
European Climate ◽  
Baltic Sea Region ◽  
The Baltic

AbstractThe increased demand for wood to replace oil-based products with renewable products has lifted focus to the Baltic Sea region where the environment is favorable for woody biomass growth. The aim of this study was to estimate broad-sense heritabilities and genotype-by-environment (G×E) interactions in growth and phenology traits in six climatically different regions in Sweden and the Baltics. We tested the hypothesis that both bud burst and bud set have a significant effect on the early growth of selected poplar clones in Northern Europe. Provenance hybrids of Populus trichocarpa adapted to the Northern European climate were compared to reference clones with adaptation to the Central European climate. The volume index of stemwood was under low to medium genetic control with heritabilities from 0.22 to 0.75. Heritabilities for phenology traits varied between 0.31 and 0.91. Locally chosen elite clones were identified. G×E interactions were analyzed using pairwise comparisons of the trials. Three different breeding zones for poplars between the latitudes of 55° N and 60° N in the Baltic Sea Region were outlined. The studied provenance hybrids with origin from North America offer a great possibility to broaden the area with commercial poplar plantations in Northern Europe and further improve the collection of commercial clones to match local climates. We conclude that phenology is an important selection criterion after growth.

scholarly journals Ceramic Traditions in the Forest-Steppe Zone of Eastern Europe

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 705-717
Author(s):  
Konstantin Mikhailovich Andreev ◽  
Alexander Alekseevich Vybornov
Keyword(s):  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Central Europe ◽  
Caspian Sea ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Aral Sea ◽  
Cultural Tradition ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Pottery Production ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
Early Pottery

Abstract Early pottery on the territory from the Eastern Caspian Sea and Aral Sea to Denmark reveals a certain typological similarity. It is represented by egg-shaped vessels with an S-shaped profile of the upper part and a pointed bottom. The vessels are not ornamented or decorated with incised lines, organized often in a net. This type of pottery was spread within hunter-gatherer ancient groups. The forest-steppe Volga region is one of the earliest centers of pottery production in Eastern Europe. The first pottery is recorded here in the last quarter of the seventh millennium BC. Its appearance is associated with the bearers of the Elshanskaya cultural tradition. The most likely source of its formation is the territory of Central Asia. Later, due to aridization, these ceramic traditions distributed further westward to the forest-steppe Don region. During the first half of the sixth millennium BC, groups associated with the bearers of the Elshanskaya cultural tradition moved westward. Significant similarities with the ceramic complexes of the Elshanskaya culture are found in materials from a number of early pottery cultures of Central Europe and the Baltic (Narva, Neman, and Ertebølle).

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