scholarly journals Rendimiento y características organolépticas del queso fresco elaborado con leche positiva a la prueba del alcohol

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Héctor M. Rodríguez-Magadán ◽  
Teodulo Salinas-Rios ◽  
Magaly Aquino-Cleto ◽  
Iris Y. Ortiz-Muñoz ◽  
María I. Pérez-León ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Residual P

Objetivo: Determinar el rendimiento y las características sensoriales de quesos frescos elaborados con leche Positiva a la Prueba del Alcohol. Diseño/metodología: Se utilizó leche fresca proveniente de vacas cruzas de Brahman x Suizo Pardo Americano, las cuales se mantuvieron en pastoreo. Se seleccionaron once jueces con categoría de semientrenados. En el análisis sensorial se utilizaron las pruebas, triangular, dos de cinco, de aceptación, perfil de textura y perfil de sabor. En los perfiles de sabor y textura se utilizó una línea de 10 cm para señalar la intensidad. La prueba de aceptación se realizó a 50 consumidores sin entrenamiento. Los datos obtenidos se sometieron a un análisis de varianza, el efecto fijo y la respuesta positiva o negativa de la leche a la prueba del alcohol; la diferencia entre promedios se determinó con la prueba de Tukey (P? 0.05). Resultados: Se observó que el queso elaborado con leche Positiva a la Prueba del Alcohol presenta una menor aceptación (P?0.05), mayor intensidad de dureza y porosidad y un menor sabor residual (P?0.05). Limitaciones del estudio/implicaciones: El resultado a la prueba del alcohol es variable, por lo que es necesario hacer la prueba diariamente para separar la leche. Hallazgo/conclusión: El queso elaborado con leche positiva a la prueba del alcohol tiene menor aceptación por el consumidor debido a sus características organolépticas.

scholarly journals Influence of Application of Organic Residues of Different Biochemical Quality on Phosphorus Fractions in a Tropical Sandy Soil

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 248
Author(s):  
Tanabhat-Sakorn Sukitprapanon ◽  
Metawee Jantamenchai ◽  
Duangsamorn Tulaphitak ◽  
Nattaporn Prakongkep ◽  
Robert John Gilkes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Litter ◽  
Sandy Soil ◽  
Organic Residue ◽  
Residue Quality ◽  
Organic Residues ◽  
P Fractions ◽  
Residual P ◽  
Extractable P ◽  
P Fraction ◽  
Labile P

Understanding phosphorus (P) dynamics in tropical sandy soil treated with organic residues of contrasting quality is crucial for P management using organic amendments. This research determined P fractions in a tropical sandy soil under the application of organic residues of different quality, including groundnut stover (GN), tamarind leaf litter (TM), dipterocarp leaf litter (DP), and rice straw (RS). The organic residues were applied at the rate of 10 t DM ha−1 year−1. The P fractions were examined by a sequential extraction procedure. Organic residue application, regardless of residue quality, resulted in P accumulation in soils. For unamended soil, 55% of total P was mainly associated with Al (hydr)oxides. Organic residue application, regardless of residue quality, diminished the NH4F-extractable P (Al-P) fraction, but it had a nonsignificant effect on NaOH-extractable P (Fe-P). The majority of Al-P and Fe-P fractions were associated with crystalline Al and Fe (hydr)oxides. NH4Cl-extractable P (labile P), NaHCO3-extractable P (exchangeable P and mineralizable organic P), HCl-extractable P (Ca-P), and residual P fractions in soil were significantly increased as a result of the incorporation of organic residues. The application of organic residues, particularly those high in ash alkalinity, increase soil pH, labile P, and Ca-P fractions. In contrast, applications of residues high in lignin and polyphenols increase residual P fraction, which is associated with organo-mineral complexes and clay mineral kaolinite.

CHANGES WITH TIME IN THE FORM AND AVAILABILITY OF RESIDUAL FERTILIZER PHOSPHORUS ON CHERNOZEMIC SOILS

1986 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. I. WAGAR ◽  
J. W. B. STEWART ◽  
J. O. MOIR
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Organic P ◽  
Clay Loam ◽  
P Fractionation ◽  
Residual P ◽  
Fractionation Procedure ◽  
P Fertilizer ◽  
Labile P ◽  
P Transformations ◽  
Stable Forms

A sequential phosphorus (P) fractionation procedure was used to measure the changes in the labile and stable forms of inorganic and organic P following single broadcast P applications to Canadian Chernozemic soils under cereal cropping. Approximately half of the fertilizer residues remained in plant-available forms (resin, NaHCO3). In a Black Waskada clay loam 8 yr after the application of 200 and 400 kg P ha−1, residual fertilizer P consisted of resin-P, 30–40%; HCl-P, 25–30%; residue-P, 10–15%; NaOH-P, 10–15%, NaHCO3-P, 10%; and aggregate protected P, 3%. The residues in a Dark Brown Sutherland clay 5 yr after the application of 160 kg P ha−1 were: resin-P, 35%; NaOH-P, 30–40%; NaHCO3-P, 15%; HCl-P, 0–5%; H2SO4-P, 5%; and aggregate protected P, 5%. The soils differed in the quantity of fertilizer recovered in inorganic HCl-extractable forms. In the Sutherland soil the change from wheat-fallow to continuous wheat cropping produced a build-up of organic P which occurred with and without the addition of P fertilizer. Key words: Residual P, P transformations, Labile Pi; labile Po, stable Pi stable Po

A semi-descriptive model for predicting residual-P from fertilizer P applications

1989 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. S. Saroa ◽  
C. R. Biswas
Keyword(s):  
Descriptive Model ◽  
Residual P

scholarly journals Speciation and distribution of P associated with Fe and Al oxides in aggregate-sized fraction of an arable soil

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (21) ◽  
pp. 6443-6452 ◽  
Author(s):  
X. Jiang ◽  
R. Bol ◽  
S. Willbold ◽  
H. Vereecken ◽  
E. Klumpp
Keyword(s):  
Nmr Spectroscopy ◽  
31P Nmr ◽  
Soil Aggregate ◽  
31P Nmr Spectroscopy ◽  
Alkaline Extraction ◽  
Inorganic P ◽  
Residual P ◽  
Fe Oxides ◽  
Total P ◽  
Al Oxide

Abstract. To maximize crop productivity fertilizer P is generally applied to arable soils, a significant proportion of which becomes stabilized by mineral components and in part subsequently becomes unavailable to plants. However, little is known about the relative contributions of the different organic and inorganic P bound to Fe/Al oxides in the smaller soil particles. Alkaline (NaOH–Na2EDTA) extraction with solution 31P-nuclear magnetic resonance (31P-NMR) spectroscopy is considered a reliable method for extracting and quantifying organic P and (some) inorganic P. However, any so-called residual P after the alkaline extraction has remained unidentified. Therefore, in the present study, the amorphous (a) and crystalline (c) Fe/Al oxide minerals and related P in soil aggregate-sized fractions (> 20, 2–20, 0.45–2 and < 0.45 μm) were specifically extracted by oxalate (a-Fe/Al oxides) and dithionite–citrate–bicarbonate (DCB, both a- and c-Fe/Al oxides). These soil aggregate-sized fractions with and without the oxalate and DCB pre-treatments were then sequentially extracted by alkaline extraction prior to solution 31P-NMR spectroscopy. This was done to quantify the P associated with a- and c-Fe/Al oxides in both alkaline extraction and the residual P of different soil aggregate-sized fractions. The results showed that overall P contents increased with decreasing size of the soil aggregate-sized fractions. However, the relative distribution and speciation of varying P forms were found to be independent of soil aggregate-size. The majority of alkaline-extractable P was in the a-Fe/Al oxide fraction (42–47 % of total P), most of which was ortho-phosphate (36–41 % of total P). Furthermore, still significant amounts of particularly monoester P were bound to these oxides. Intriguingly, however, Fe/Al oxides were not the main bonding sites for pyrophosphate. Residual P contained similar amounts of total P associated with both a- (11–15 % of total P) and c-Fe oxides (7–13 % of total P) in various aggregate-sized fractions, suggesting that it was likely occluded within the a- and c-Fe oxides in soil. This implies that, with the dissolution of Fe oxides, this P may be released and thus available for plants and microbial communities.

Reduction of Density of 4H-SiC / SiO2 Interface Traps by Pre-Oxidation Phosphorus Implantation

2014 ◽  
Vol 778-780 ◽  
pp. 575-578 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomasz Sledziewski ◽  
Aleksey Mikhaylov ◽  
Sergey A. Reshanov ◽  
Adolf Schöner ◽  
Heiko B. Weber ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Electrical Properties ◽  
Ion Implantation ◽  
Thermal Oxidation ◽  
Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Interface Traps ◽  
Ion Energy ◽  
Residual P ◽  
Conductance Method ◽  
Secondary Ion

The effect of phosphorus (P) on the electrical properties of the 4H-SiC / SiO2interface was investigated. Phosphorus was introduced by surface-near ion implantation with varying ion energy and dose prior to thermal oxidation. Secondary ion mass spectrometry revealed that only part of the implanted P followed the oxidation front to the interface. A negative flatband shift due to residual P in the oxide was found fromC-Vmeasurements. Conductance method measurements revealed a significant reduction of density of interface trapsDitwith energyEC- Eit> 0.3 V for P+-implanted samples with [P]interface= 1.5 1018cm-3in the SiC layer at the interface.

scholarly journals A Look into the Past: Tracing Ancient Sustainable Manuring Practices by Thorough P Speciation of Northern European

Soil Systems ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Acksel ◽  
Baumann ◽  
Hu ◽  
Leinweber
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
31P Nmr ◽  
Cattle Manure ◽  
31P Nmr Spectroscopy ◽  
P Fractionation ◽  
Edge Structure ◽  
Residual P ◽  
Ancient Agriculture ◽  
Marine Biomass ◽  
The Baltic

Regionally restricted, hums-rich topsoils in Southwest Norway and the Baltic Sea region of Germany and Denmark were formed by inputs of various amendments (combustion residues and marine biomass) and, therefore, were classified as Anthrosols. For a deeper insight into the ancient management practices, we investigated the elemental and P-composition in the upper and underlying horizons from 12 soil profiles in the Jæren region, at the islands of Karmøy and Feøy (Norway), at the island of Fehmarn and the peninsula of Wagrien (Germany), and at the islands of Poel (Germany) and Sjaelland (Denmark). We used aqua regia digestion and the complementary methods of sequential P fractionation, phosphorus K-edge X-ray absorption near edge structure (P-XANES) spectroscopy, and 31P nuclear magnetic resonance (31P-NMR) spectroscopy. Results were compared with the composition of differently amended and/or un-amended soils from other studies. In addition, archaeological literature was used to confirm possible inputs of specific P-containing amendments in ancient agriculture. The P composition from SF of the Anthrosols in Norway (44% NaOH-Pi >1 8% NaOH-Po > 14% NaHCO3-Pi, 12% H2SO4-P > 7% NaHCO3-Po > 3% residual-P = 3% resin-P) and complementary archaeological literature provided strong indication for the use of peat, sheep manure, compost, and human excreta. The Anthrosols in the Jæren region have been formed from peat, which had been used as alternative bedding material and had been mixed with sheep and/or cattle manure. The P-composition in the Anthrosols at the island of Fehmarn and at the peninsula of Wagrien (42% H2SO4-P > 25% residual-P > 10% NaOH-Po, 8% NaOH-Pi: > 6% NaHCO3-Pi and NaHCO3-Po, 4% resin-P) resulted from the application of domestic cattle manure. This was strongly supported by archaeological findings of cattle bones in this region, as well as high proportions of Ca-P, as confirmed by P-XANES. The predominance of Po in the Anthrosols at the island of Poel and Sjaelland (31% NaOH-Po > 23% NaHCO3-Po, 21% H2SO4-P > 11% NaOH-Pi > 8% NaHCO3-Pi > 4% residual-P, 3% resin-P, in agreement with results from 31P-NMR) indicated low ancient inputs of various excrement or manure. This was supported by low livestock history at the island of Poel. In conclusion, these agricultural techniques can be considered as sustainable P recycling and soil amendment since they improved soil fertility for many generations.

RESIDUAL PHOSPHORUS SOLUBILITY FOR AN ACID, CLAYEY, FORESTED SOIL IN THE PRESENCE OF OXALATE AND CITRATE

1989 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. B. COMERFORD ◽  
M. F. SKINNER
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Pinus Radiata ◽  
Clayey Soil ◽  
Organic Anion ◽  
Sorption Isotherms ◽  
Organic P ◽  
Soil Material ◽  
Residual P ◽  
Residual Phosphorus ◽  
P Sorption

A highly weathered, clayey soil was sampled 14 yr after a Pinus radiata stand was broadcast fertilized with 0, 50 and 200 kg P ha−1 as ordinary superphosphate. Incremental loadings of oxalate and citrate anions from 10 to 100 μmol of anion g−1 soil were evaluated for increased soluble, reactive P (SRP) and soluble, nonreactive (SNP) P. Sorption isotherms were compared to evaluate the effect of the previous fertilization on P sorption by the soil material sampled, and also to measure SNP displacement by orthophosphate-P. A portion of the SNP pool was more readily released than SRP and orthophosphate displaced a significant amount of SNP. After 14 yr the effect of fertilization was still obvious in the sampled soil material. Much of the organic anion-soluble P was in the SRP form. Key words: Citrate, organic P, orthophosphate, oxalate, Pinus radiata, residual P

Comparative response of groundnut and wheat to phosphorus in a groundnut–wheat rotation

1980 ◽  
Vol 94 (3) ◽  
pp. 691-696 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. S. Pasricha ◽  
M. S. Aulakh ◽  
N. S. Sahota ◽  
H. S. Baddesha
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Direct Application ◽  
Residual Effects ◽  
Residual P ◽  
Pod Yield ◽  
Cropping Sequence ◽  
Comparative Response ◽  
P Application

SummaryPod yield of groundnut and grain yield of wheat grown in that sequence was compared as affected by date of sowing and response to direct, residual and cumulative P application over 3 years in a field experiment. Total yield of groundnut and wheat was higher when groundnut was sown on 22 June and the following wheat on 1 November than when groundnut was sown on 6 July, followed by wheat sown on 16 November. Limited P requirement of groundnut was indicated by the small and inconsistent response to applied P on soil low in available P. Wheat responded to the second increment of P and direct application to wheat proved more effective than residual effects of previous application. Differential response of wheat to direct and residual P application in the groundnut-wheat cropping sequence indicates that P applications are more effective for wheat than groundnut, and groundnut can grow well on the residual P that remained in the soil.

COMPARISON OF SINGLE LARGE BROADCAST AND SMALL ANNUAL SEED-PLACED PHOSPHORUS TREATMENTS ON YIELD AND PHOSPHORUS AND ZINC CONTENTS OF WHEAT ON CHERNOZEMIC SOILS

1986 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 237-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. I. WAGAR ◽  
J. W. B. STEWART ◽  
J. L. HENRY
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Zinc Concentration ◽  
Clay Soil ◽  
P Uptake ◽  
Average Yield ◽  
Residual P ◽  
Broadcast Application

Yield and P and Zn contents of wheat from plots on a Dark Brown Chernozemic clay soil which received single broadcast P applications and annual seed-placed P applications were compared in a 6-yr study. Broadcast P applications of 20, 40, 80 and 160 kg P ha−1 increased the average yield by 9, 24, 33 and 35%, respectively. Yearly seed-placed P treatments of 2.5, 5, 10 and 20 kg P ha−1 applied over the first 5 yr of the study increased the average yield by 10, 15, 24 and 29%, respectively. The broadcast application of 40 kg P ha−1 increased yields over 5 yr and had an average yield and P uptake similar to that of the annual seed-placed applications of 10 and 20 kg P ha−1. Broadcasting 80 and 160 kg P ha−1 increased yields over 6 yr. Soil levels of extractable NaHCO3-Pi indicated future increases may occur. Yields from plots receiving consecutive seed-placed P treatments significantly benefited from the P residues of previous seed-placed applications. Plant zinc concentration was significantly reduced by the broadcast application of 160 kg P ha−1 and the seed-placed application of 20 kg P ha−1. Key words: Broadcast P, seed-placed P, residual P, P-Zn interaction

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document