Thysanoptera diversity associated with Mexican lemon (Citrus aurantifolia Christm.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Javier Avendaño-Gutiérrez ◽  
Salvador Aguirre Paleo ◽  
Alejandro Morales Hernández ◽  
Venecia Quesadas-Béjar
Keyword(s):  
Biosphere Reserve ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Diversity Indices ◽  
Diaphorina Citri ◽  
Program Calculation ◽  
Homogeneous Relation ◽  
Candidatus Liberibacter ◽  
Scirtothrips Citri ◽  
Species Richness And Abundance ◽  
First Time

Objective: To calculate the monthly relative abundance of Thysanoptera species, according to the Margalef, Simpson and Shannon-Wiener diversity indices. Design / Methodology / Approach: The work was carried out in three geographic units with conventional management, during January-December, 2019 in the Reserva de la Biosfera Zicuirán-Infiernillo (Biosphere Reserve), Michoacán, Mexico. In each unit, 10 trees were selected through simple random sampling. Thrips counts were performed on ten shoots per tree every 15 d, for a total of 7200 shoots in the three geographic units. Thysanoptera individuals were placed in entomological jars. The variables were: number of thrips collected per shoot in sampled tree and geographic unit (orchard). To estimate the specific richness and structure of species, the program "calculation of diversity indices DIVERS" was used. Results: In the three geographical units studied, the recorded presence of Thysanoptera accounted for 12 to 17 species. For Nueva Italia 12 recorded species, two were permanent (16.66%), five abundant (41.66%), one scarce (8.3%) and four rare (33.33%). In Zicuirán, three species were permanent (17.64%), six abundant (35.29%), two scarce (11.76%) and six rare (35.29%). In Los Hoyos, four species were permanent (26.66%), four abundant (26.66%) and seven rare (46.66%). The abundance of species was represented by the genus Frankliniella and the species Scolothrips sexmaculatus and Scirtothrips citri. The highest species richness and abundance was found from January to May. In October and November, the value of the calculated indices was zero, which shows less richness and abundance of individuals. The best species uniformity was recorded during January and December, which meant a more stable and homogeneous relation. Study limitations/Implications. Pest resurgence, presence of Candidatus Liberibacter spp. and its vector Diaphorina citri. Findings / Conclusions: in Nueva Italia, 12 species were taxonomically determined; in Los Hoyos 15, and in Zicuirán 17 species, which are reported for the first time in the state of Michoacán, Mexico. At the geographic unit "Los Hoyos" diversity was higher, uniform and stable.

REINTEGRATION OF THE CHORNOBYL NPP EXCLUSION ZONE ON THE BASIS OF THE DESIGN-PLANNING COMPLEX

2020 ◽  
pp. 11-18
Author(s):  
I.I. Ustinova ◽  
◽  
M.M. Dyomin ◽  
G.V. Aylikova ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
City Planning ◽  
Biosphere Reserve ◽  
Brand Name ◽  
Exclusion Zone ◽  
Rational Development ◽  
Production Complex ◽  
Design Planning ◽  
Renewable Energy Generation ◽  
First Time

The aim of the publication is to determine the prerequisites of and to elaborate on the foundations of the Exclusion Zone reintegration in order to address the issue of rational development of urban-planning documentation complex regarding the legitimacy of said territory exploitation. It is established that for the implementation of the «Radioactive waste management strategy» the production complex «Vector» is being constructed on the Exclusion Zone territory; a powerful park of renewable energy generation is being created to implement the «Chornobyl - a Territory of Change» strategy; a Chornobyl Radiation-Ecological Biosphere Reserve was established to support and increase the barrier function of the zone; in order to promote the Safe Chornobyl brand-name, the tourist traffic is being increased and the conditions for the visitors are improving. In the absence of developed and approved city planning documentation, the listed above causes the problem of legitimacy and rationality of the exclusion zone territory use. The paper for the first time raises the question of the need to elaborate the concept of functional planning of the Chornobyl NPP exclusion zone territory and the development of the design-planning complex (urban planning documentation): from the territory.

Cyathodium denticulatum Udar et Srivastava: A rare liverwort new to Chhattisgarh, Central India

2020 ◽  
pp. 171-174
Author(s):  
Ashwini Kumar Dixit ◽  
Mery Aradhna Kerketta
Keyword(s):  
Rare Species ◽  
Biosphere Reserve ◽  
Central India ◽  
Himalayan Region ◽  
Taxonomic Description ◽  
First Time ◽  
Eastern Himalayan Region

This article reports the occurrence of the thalloid liverwort Cyathodium denticulatum Udar et Srivastava was collected first time from the Achanakmar – Amarkantak Biosphere Reserve (AABR) Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh. It is shown that Cyathodium denticulatum a narrow Himalayan endemic has been reported earlier from Darjeeling, India. There is no record of its occurrence from central India. Cyathodium denticulatum is a rare species known only from eastern Himalayan region. A key to related Indian taxa and taxonomic description is provided.

Supplement to biota of agaricoid basidiomycetes of Oksky Biosphere Reserve

2008 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 123-129
Author(s):  
E. F. Malysheva ◽  
L. F. Volosnova
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Biosphere Reserve ◽  
Botanical Institute ◽  
Komarov Botanical Institute ◽  
First Time

New data on species diversity of agaricoid fungi of Oksky Biosphere Reserve are given. The checklist of 41 species with indication of their localities and herbarium numbers (of the Herbarium of the Komarov Botanical Institute, LE) is provided. Three species (Conocybe gigasperma, Entoloma occultopigmentatum, E. scabiosum) are recorded for the first time in Russia.

Intracellular life cycle of Candidatus Liberibacter asisticus inside psyllid gut cells

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lin Chun-Yi ◽  
Diann Achor ◽  
Amit Levy
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Bacterial Invasion ◽  
Diaphorina Citri ◽  
Current Management ◽  
Insect Midgut ◽  
Rapid Spread ◽  
Candidatus Liberibacter ◽  
Infected Insect ◽  
Liberibacter Asiaticus

Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (CLas), the devastating pathogen related to Huanglongbing (HLB), is a phloem-limited, fastidious, insect-borne bacterium. Rapid spread of HLB disease relies on CLas propagates efficiently in its vector, the Asian citrus psyllid, Diaphorina citri, in a circulative manner. Understanding the intracellular lifecycle of CLas in psyllid midgut is fundamental to improve current management strategies. Using a microscopic approach within CLas-infected insect midgut, we observed the entry of CLas into gut cells inside vesicles by endocytosis, termed Liberibacter containing vacuoles (LCVs). Endocytosis is followed by the formation of endoplasmic reticulum-related and replication permissive vacuoles (rLCVs). rLCVs then further develop into bigger double membrane autophagosome-like structure, termed autophagy-related vacuole (aLCV). Vesicles, containing CLas egress from aLCV and fuse with the cell membrane. Immunolocalization studies showed that CLas employs endo/exocytosis-like mechanisms that mediates bacterial invasion and egress. Upregulation of autophagy-related genes indicated subversion of host autophagy by CLas in psyllid vector to promote infection. These results indicate that CLas interacts with host cellular machineries to undergo a multistage intracellular cycle through endocytic, secretory, autophagic and exocytic pathways via complex machineries. Potential tactics for HLB controlling can be made depending on further investigations on the knowledge of the molecular mechanisms of CLas intracellular cycle.

scholarly journals Socioeconomic and Lifestyle Assessment of Selected Forest Based Communities in Omo Biosphere Reserve, Ogun State, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 403-409
Author(s):  
T.A. Oladele ◽  
M.K.C. Sridhar ◽  
A.O. Raji
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Biosphere Reserve ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Health Care Facilities ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Forest Environment ◽  
Self Medication ◽  
Economic Implications ◽  
Ogun State

This study assessed socio-economic characteristics and lifestyle of selected forest based communities in Omo Biosphere Reserve, Ogun state in  southwest Nigeria. The study aim was to explore the influence of socioeconomic factors on their lifestyle, quality of life and implications for forest  environment. A sample of 180 respondents from three enclaves was selected using simple random sampling. Data collected was analyzed using SPSS version 20 and presented as Tables and charts. The results showed that 86.11 per cent of them were adults between ages 31years and 70years who have families, responsibilities to cater for and have capacity to further expand their land into the forest. Only 2.2 per cent of the respondents  have no formal education indicating a great decline in illiteracy. About 75.56 per cent have incomes ranging between 500,000 to 1,000,000 yearly. 58 per cent respondents have a household size ranging between 6-10 persons. 7.22 per cent have farm size less than 3 Ha while the rest have more up to 10 Ha. 83 per cent of the respondents were involved in cocoa farming while the remaining 17 per cent shared kola, palm and plantain crops  farming. The type of constraints affecting the livelihood strategy often influences the mitigation measures undertaken by farmers in the study area. On health, malaria is the most prevalent disease experienced by 73.3 per cent respondents. However, the health care facilities are far from residents and also inadequate. As a result, about 95.6 per cent resorted to self-medication using herbs in case of illness. Younger and active age groups have their resultant socio-economic implications for forest environment but the obvious is its negativities in respect of exploiting more lands for farming hence, government should ensure increase awareness aimed at protecting the forest in order to prevent further forest encroachers. Keywords: Socioeconomic, Lifestyle, Communities, Forest

scholarly journals Detection of cryptic diversity in lizards (Squamata) from two Biosphere Reserves in Mesoamerica

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 613-638
Author(s):  
Riccardo Castiglia ◽  
Oscar Alberto Flores-Villela ◽  
Alexandra M. R. Bezerra ◽  
Ekaterina Gornung ◽  
Flavia Annesi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Divergence ◽  
Biosphere Reserve ◽  
Species Group ◽  
Phylogeographic Structure ◽  
Lizard Species ◽  
Dna Taxonomy ◽  
16S Gene ◽  
Taxonomic Studies ◽  
First Time ◽  
Mtdna Marker

A combined approach based on karyology and DNA taxonomy allowed us to characterize the taxonomic peculiarities in 10 Mesoamerican lizard species, belonging to six genera and five families, inhabiting two Biosphere Reserve in Chiapas, Mexico: La Sepultura Biosphere Reserve, and Montes Azules Biosphere. The karyotypes of four species, Phyllodactylus sp. 3 (P. tuberculosus species group) (2n = 38), Holcosus festivus (Lichtenstein et von Martens, 1856) (2n = 50), Anolis lemurinus Cope, 1861 (2n = 40), and A. uniformis Cope, 1885 (2n = 29–30) are described for the first time, the last one showing a particular X1X1X2X2/X1X2Y condition. In Aspidoscelis deppii (Wiegmann, 1834) (2n = 50) and Anolis capito Peters, 1863 (2n = 42), we found a different karyotype from the ones previously reported for these species. Moreover, in A. capito, the cytogenetic observation is concurrent with a considerable genetic divergence (9%) at the studied mtDNA marker (MT-ND2), which is indicative of a putative new cryptic species. The skink Scincella cherriei (Cope, 1893), showed high values of genetic divergence (5.2% at 16S gene) between the specimens from Montes Azules and those from Costa Rica and Nicaragua, comparable to the values typical of sister species in skinks. A lower level of genetic divergence, compatible with an intraspecific phylogeographic structure, has been identified in Lepidophyma flavimaculatum Duméril, 1851. These new data identify taxa that urgently require more in-depth taxonomic studies especially in these areas where habitat alteration is proceeding at an alarming rate.

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