scholarly journals How strongly connected are positive affect and physical exercise? Results from a large general population study of young adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah D. Pressman ◽  
Keith J. Petrie ◽  
Børge Sivertsen
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Positive Affect ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Dose Response Relationship ◽  
General Population Study ◽  
Current State ◽  
Duration Magnitude ◽  
Strongly Connected ◽  
Intensity Of Exercise

Background Previous research has shown a link between low positive affect (PA) and numerous physical and psychological well-being outcomes but, recent research has raised the possibility that this relationship may be driven by physical activity. Thus, we were interested in exploring the PA-exercise connection by examining this relationship across differing levels of body mass and athleticism. We also looked at whether the item “active” that is used in many PA assessments was responsible for this effect. Method Participants were part of the Norwegian SHoT2018 national survey of 50,054 young adults (mean age = 23.2, 68.9% women), who completed electronic surveys about their exercise levels (duration, frequency and intensity) and affect. Results There was a clear and strong dose-response association between current state PA and the duration, frequency and intensity of exercise. For example, duration, magnitude, and slope effects were strongly driven by regular exercisers who had more than a 20-fold greater likelihood of being in the highest PA deciles compared to the least frequent exercisers. These dose-response connections replicated across both healthy and overweight BMIs, as well as in elite athletes. Removing the word “active” from the PA measure substantially reduced the size of this association, although the dose-response relationship remained. Conclusion The observed strong connections have critical implications for health researchers and clinicians, and point to a need to carefully consider what types of activities are most strongly tied to well-being.

scholarly journals Single Slow-Paced Breathing Session at Six Cycles per Minute: Investigation of Dose-Response Relationship on Cardiac Vagal Activity

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (23) ◽  
pp. 12478
Author(s):  
Min You ◽  
Sylvain Laborde ◽  
Nina Zammit ◽  
Maša Iskra ◽  
Uirassu Borges ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dose Response ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Respiratory Frequency ◽  
Vagal Activity ◽  
Positive Outcomes ◽  
Response Relationship ◽  
Dose Response Relationship ◽  
Paced Breathing ◽  
Symptoms Of Depression ◽  
Session Duration

The practice of slow-paced breathing (SPB) has been linked to a range of positive outcomes, such as decreasing symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress, as well as increasing well-being. Among the suggested mechanisms of action, SPB has been shown to increase cardiac vagal activity (CVA). The present study aimed to investigate whether there is a dose-response relationship modulating the effects of SPB on CVA. A total of 59 participants were involved in this study. In a within-subject design, participants attended the lab five times, and realized SPB at six cycles per minute with different durations (5, 10, 15, and 20 min), as well as a control condition without SPB. CVA was indexed via the root mean square of successive differences (RMSSD). During SPB, findings showed an increase in RMSSD in all conditions compared to the control condition. However, no differences were found in RMSSD among the different session durations, during SPB or during the resting measurement completed immediately after SPB. Noteworthily, session duration showed an influence on the spontaneous respiratory frequency in the resting measurement occurring immediately after SPB. Specifically, respiratory frequency appears to decrease with session duration, thus potentially contributing to additional relaxing effects.

scholarly journals Dose–response relationship between intergenerational contact frequency and depressive symptoms amongst elderly Chinese parents: a cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaofei Xie ◽  
Mengdi Ma ◽  
Wenwen Wu ◽  
Yupeng Zhang ◽  
Yuting Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
Chinese Population ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Elderly Persons ◽  
Response Relationship ◽  
Dose Response Relationship ◽  
Contact Frequency ◽  
Elderly Chinese

Abstract Background Given the high prevalence of depressive symptoms amongst the elderly Chinese population and the significance of intergenerational contact in this demographic group, the purpose of this study was to examine the association and dose–response relationship between the frequency of intergenerational contact and depressive symptoms. Methods Data were obtained from the third wave of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study. A total of 5791 participants at age 60 or older were included in this study. Depressive symptoms were defined by the 10-item version of the Centre for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale. Intergenerational contact included in-person meeting and remote connecting, and they were analysed separately. Intergenerational contact frequency was classified into ten categories and then treated as a continuous variable for analysis. We performed univariate and multivariate logistic regressions to identify risk covariables. Restrictive cubic spline analysis was used to examine the dose–response relationship between intergenerational contact frequency and the outcome of depressive symptoms. Results Both the frequency of meeting and the frequency of connecting with children were independently associated with depressive symptoms in the elderly, and the odds ratios for depressive symptoms increased with decreasing frequencies (P < 0.01). There was a negative dose–response relationship between intergenerational contact frequency and depressive symptoms. The odds of depressive symptoms steadily decreased with increasing frequency of meeting with their children. Following an initial increase, the odds rapidly decreased as the frequency of connecting with children increased with an inflection point at once a monthly. Both associations were nonlinear (P < 0.001). Conclusions Our findings revealed a negative dose–response relationship between intergenerational contact frequency and depressive symptoms in the elderly Chinese population. Thus, future health interventions should consider cultural norms in shaping the mental well-being of Chinese elderly persons.

The Dose–Response Relationship Between Physical Activity and Cardiometabolic Health in Young Adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heather R. Frank ◽  
Hillary Mulder ◽  
Karishma Sriram ◽  
Taruni S. Santanam ◽  
Asheley C. Skinner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
Cardiometabolic Health ◽  
Response Relationship ◽  
Dose Response Relationship

The well-being of young adults in the “Next America”.

2015 ◽  
Vol 85 (5, Suppl) ◽  
pp. S4-S13
Author(s):  
Paul Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Well Being

A SUBCUTANEOUS INJECTION ASSAY FOR ANTI-ANDROGENS IN THE CHICK

1962 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 268-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ralph I. Dorfman
Keyword(s):  
Dose Response ◽  
Subcutaneous Injection ◽  
Response Relationship ◽  
Dose Response Relationship

ABSTRACT The stimulating action of testosterone on the chick's comb can be inhibited by the subcutaneous injection of 0.1 mg of norethisterone or Ro 2-7239 (2-acetyl-7-oxo-1,2,3,4,4a,4b,5,6,7,9,10,10a-dodecahydrophenanthrene), 0.5 mg of cortisol or progesterone, and by 4.5 mg of Mer-25 (1-(p-2-diethylaminoethoxyphenyl)-1-phenyl-2-p-methoxyphenyl ethanol). No dose response relationship could be established. Norethisterone was the most active anti-androgen by this test.

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