Visual Magnocellular Deficits In Dyslexia : Are These Deficits Due To Co-morbidity With ADHD?

10.32920/ryerson.14656017.v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Diane Lam

Keyword(s):

Attention Deficits ◽

Magnocellular Pathway ◽

Backward Masking ◽

Visual Problem ◽

Co Morbidity

Some cases of dyslexia may be accounted for by a visual problem involving the magnocellular pathways. Research on dyslexia and problems in the magnocellular pathway has been controversial. Some studies indicate that individuals with dyslexia have problems in this pathway whereas other studies have not. It may be that only the individuals with both dyslexia and ADHD have problems in this pathway while individuals with dyslexia only are spared. In support of this, research has shown that individuals with schizophrenia have attention deficits (similar to those seen in individuals with ADHD) and problems in the magnocellular pathway. In the present study, controls, participants with dyslexia only, participants with both dyslexia and ADHD, and participants with ADHD only completed central and peripheral backward masking experiments. It was predicted that the two groups of participants with ADHD would have problems in the magnocellular pathway. Some evidence was found in support of this.

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Hypertension is a frequent co-morbidity in patients with Barrett's esophagus or reflux esophagitis but not in nonulcer dyspepsia

Gastroenterology ◽

10.1016/s0016-5085(01)82091-6 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 120 (5) ◽

pp. A421-A421

Author(s):

S GUDLAUGSDOTTIR ◽

J WILSON ◽

W VERSCHUREN ◽

J DEES ◽

T STIJNEN

Keyword(s):

Barrett’S Esophagus ◽

Reflux Esophagitis ◽

Barrett's Esophagus ◽

Nonulcer Dyspepsia ◽

Co Morbidity

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229: A Co-Morbidity Adjusted Life Expectancy Tool for use in the Urology Clinic

The Journal of Urology ◽

10.1016/s0022-5347(18)30494-4 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 177 (4S) ◽

pp. 77-77

Author(s):

Patti Groome ◽

D. Robert Siemens ◽

William J. MacKillop ◽

Michael Brundage ◽

Jun Kawakami ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Life Expectancy ◽

Co Morbidity ◽

Urology Clinic

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Development of visual perception and attention, assessed by backward masking and application in children with epilepsy

Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology ◽

10.1017/s0012162203001026 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 45 (08) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Marta Macchi ◽

Livia Nicoletta Rossi ◽

Ivan Cortinovis ◽

Lucia Menegazzo ◽

Sandra Maria Burri ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Visual Perception ◽

Backward Masking

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Attention deficits in children with 22q.11 deletion syndrome

Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology ◽

10.1017/s0012162205001702 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 47 (12) ◽

pp. 803 ◽

Cited By ~ 32

Author(s):

Lena Niklasson ◽

Peder Rasmussen ◽

Sólveig Óskarsdóttir ◽

Christopher Gillberg

Keyword(s):

Attention Deficits ◽

Deletion Syndrome

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Zinc Depletion Increases Readmission in Older Patients: An Example of Interactions Between Nutrition and Disease

International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research ◽

10.1024/0300-9831/a000275 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 87 (1-2) ◽

pp. 10-16 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Salah Gariballa ◽

Awad Alessa

Keyword(s):

Nutritional Status ◽

Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽

Older Patients ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Prognostic Indicators ◽

Hospitalised Patients ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Co Morbidity ◽

The Impact ◽

Poor Nutrition

Abstract. Background: ill health may lead to poor nutrition and poor nutrition to ill health, so identifying priorities for management still remains a challenge. The aim of this report is to present data on the impact of plasma zinc (Zn) depletion on important health outcomes after adjusting for other poor prognostic indicators in hospitalised patients. Methods: Hospitalised acutely ill older patients who were part of a large randomised controlled trial had their nutritional status assessed using anthropometric, hematological and biochemical data. Plasma Zn concentrations were measured at baseline, 6 weeks and at 6 months using inductively- coupled plasma spectroscopy method. Other clinical outcome measures of health were also measured. Results: A total of 345 patients assessed at baseline, 133 at 6 weeks and 163 at 6 months. At baseline 254 (74%) patients had a plasma Zn concentration below 10.71 μmol/L indicating biochemical depletion. The figures at 6 weeks and 6 months were 86 (65%) and 114 (70%) patients respectively. After adjusting for age, co-morbidity, nutritional status and tissue inflammation measured using CRP, only muscle mass and serum albumin showed significant and independent effects on plasma Zn concentrations. The risk of non-elective readmission in the 6-months follow up period was significantly lower in patients with normal Zn concentrations compared with those diagnosed with Zn depletion (adjusted hazard ratio 0.62 (95% CI: 0.38 to 0.99), p = 0.047. Conclusions: Zn depletion is common and associated with increased risk of readmission in acutely-ill older patients, however, the influence of underlying comorbidity on these results can not excluded.

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