scholarly journals Colonial Representations of British India: A Description and Analysis of the First Twenty-Four Issues of The Indian Amateur’s Photographic Album

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stuart Macmillan
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Visual Culture ◽  
Literature Survey ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
British India ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Creation ◽  
State Of Research ◽  
Colonial Representations

This thesis provides a description and analysis of the first twenty four issues of the Indian Amateur's Photographic Album (IAPA), serially published between 1856 and 1858, in the collection of George Eastman House International Museum of Photography and Film (GEH). The thesis traces the origins of the publication to the creation of the Bombay Photographic Society, and considers its relationship with European photographic societies and a similar publication in Europe. It contains an extensive literature survey summarizing the current state of research on the IAPA within the framework of colonialist photography in British India: a detailed description of the publication and an analysis of the photographic and written components of the IAPA; and a consideration of the IAPA's contributions to and its role in the visual culture of nineteenth century India. Three appendices accompany the thesis, including an annotated and fully illustrated catalogue of the seventy-two photographs in GEH album.

scholarly journals Colonial Representations of British India: A Description and Analysis of the First Twenty-Four Issues of The Indian Amateur’s Photographic Album

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stuart Macmillan
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Visual Culture ◽  
Literature Survey ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
British India ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Creation ◽  
State Of Research ◽  
Colonial Representations

This thesis provides a description and analysis of the first twenty four issues of the Indian Amateur's Photographic Album (IAPA), serially published between 1856 and 1858, in the collection of George Eastman House International Museum of Photography and Film (GEH). The thesis traces the origins of the publication to the creation of the Bombay Photographic Society, and considers its relationship with European photographic societies and a similar publication in Europe. It contains an extensive literature survey summarizing the current state of research on the IAPA within the framework of colonialist photography in British India: a detailed description of the publication and an analysis of the photographic and written components of the IAPA; and a consideration of the IAPA's contributions to and its role in the visual culture of nineteenth century India. Three appendices accompany the thesis, including an annotated and fully illustrated catalogue of the seventy-two photographs in GEH album.

scholarly journals Why the term "professional language" can confuse the reader?

2021 ◽  
pp. 75-94
Author(s):  
Lesław Cirko
Keyword(s):  
Professional Communication ◽  
Linguistic Knowledge ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
History Of Research ◽  
Current State ◽  
Ethnic Language ◽  
History Of ◽  
State Of Research ◽  
General Linguistics

The article warns readers interested in the specialised communication against an uncritical adoption of the term professional language, which is often used in the extensive literature on the subject without care for terminological precision. The lack of awareness of the meaning of the term professional language leads to negative consequences in linguistic argumentation, such as the neglect of the current state of research in general linguistics, the contamination of the scientific term by its naive understanding in everyday communication between laypersons, or the identification of language and its use, which is a serious methodological deficiency. The reader of the specialised literature might therefore, without sufficient linguistic knowledge, mistakenly take the contents presented in the reading as self-evident and corresponding to the current state of knowledge. In the first part of the article, the aforementioned sources of interpretative dangers in reading are pointed out, using the history of research as an example. Subsequently, the reader is offered some constant points of reference fur further interpretation, which allow to recognise a stylistic-functional variety of ethnic language in the concept of professional language, including phenomena that go beyond the reduction of professional language to mere terminology. The author also pointed out the forms of acquisition and existence of the so-called professional languages, as well as the distributional features that distinguish them from other functional-stylistic varieties of the ethnic language. In conclusion, their peculiarity was highlighted, arising from the need for precise naming of phenomena and processes in the field of human activity, which is concluded by the specificity of the field; from the fact that people in the said field communicate at the expert level, and the related need for such a selection of linguistic means from the ethnic language in which communication takes place that its users communicate efficiently in the field of professional communication. The knowledge of these conditions will enable the reader to approach the relationship between language and the so-called professional language with greater understanding.

scholarly journals Ein korpuslinguistischer Beitrag zu Herkunft und Entwicklung des negativen Indefinitums kein

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 84-120
Author(s):  
Simon Pickl
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Historical Development ◽  
Middle High German ◽  
Negative Concord ◽  
Swiss German ◽  
Corpus Linguistic ◽  
Syllable Boundary ◽  
Current State ◽  
Usage Patterns ◽  
State Of Research

Abstract This article discusses the origin and historical development of the German n-indefinite kein, which is an unusual negator because it does not share the initial n that marks virtually all other negatives in German. Despite the discussion about its origins going back to the nineteenth century, it is still unclear how kein first emerged and out of which other forms it developed. In this paper, new light is shed on an old controversy using new data and modern corpus-linguistic tools, in this case the Referenzkorpus Mittelhochdeutsch (ReM). The article first summarises the current state of research before presenting and analysing the data. In combination with additional evidence, the results show that certain hypotheses that have to this day been treated as accurate are in fact not viable. Subsequently, a solution that combines some of the existing theses and is compatible with the data is presented: Morphological reanalysis and the ensuing back-formation of kein’s predecessor nehein – in combination with a phonologically conditioned sound substitution triggered by a shift of the syllable boundary – in the context of negative concord seems the most likely candidate for an accurate explanation of the emergence and early usage patterns of kein in Middle High German. Incongruent evidence from Swiss German, however, suggests that partially convergent developments ensuing from different indefinite forms have taken place in that variety.

«The Hexaemeron» of St. Anastasius of Sinai in Light of Modern Research

2019 ◽  
pp. 89-113
Author(s):  
Евгений Валерьевич Ерошев
Keyword(s):  
Current Data ◽  
Image Of God ◽  
Current State ◽  
Questions And Answers ◽  
The Creation ◽  
State Of Research ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Image Of God ◽  
Modern Russian

В данной статье автор предпринимает попытку описать современное состояние исследований такого значимого и малоизученного труда, как приписываемый прп. Анастасию Синаиту «Шестоднев». В современной российской богословской науке сложилось устойчивое представление о том, что данный памятник, скорее всего, является подложным, то есть что он в действительности не принадлежал автору таких трудов как «Путеводитель», «Три слова об устроении человека по образу Божию», «Вопросы и ответы» и др. Является ли это мнение основательно подкрепленным данными современных исследований Анастасианы? Каковы аргументы за и против подлинности «Шестоднева»? Цель статьи заключается в ответах на эти вопросы и во внесении в дискуссию новых аргументов. Для этого автор оценивает новые аргументы за и против подлинности, анализирует богословские и лексические особенности различных трудов прп. Анастасия, приводит важные фрагменты «Шестоднева», впервые переведённые на русский язык и сопоставляет их с другими работами Анастасиева корпуса. В итоге автор приходит к выводу, что аргументы за подлинность несколько перевешивают аргументы против, хотя выносить окончательное суждение относительно авторства «Шестоднева» кажется преждевременным. In this article, the author attempts to describe the current state of research of significant and poorly studied work such as the «Hexaemeron» attributed to St. Anastasius of Sinai. In modern Russian theological science there exist a commonly held opinion that this work is most likely spurious, that it does not really belong to the author of such works as «The Guide», «Three sermons on the creation of man in the image of God», «Questions and Answers» et al. Is this opinion substantiated by current data? What are the arguments for and against the authenticity of the «Hexaemeron»? The purpose of the article is to answer these questions and introduce new arguments to the discussion. For this, the author assesses the new arguments for and against authenticity, analyzes the theological and lexical features of various works of St. Anastasius, cites important fragments of the Hexaemeron, translated for the first time into Russian and compared with other works of the Anastasius Corpus. As a result, the author comes to the conclusion that the arguments for authenticity somewhat outweigh the arguments against, although it is premature to make a final judgment regarding the authorship of «Six Days».

Forestry as Foreign Policy: Anglo-Siamese Relations and the Origins of Britain's Informal Empire in the Teak Forests of Northern Siam, 1883–1925

Itinerario ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 65-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory A. Barton ◽  
Brett M. Bennett
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Foreign Policy ◽  
South Asia ◽  
Tectona Grandis ◽  
British India ◽  
Finite Amount ◽  
Informal Empire ◽  
Late Eighteenth ◽  
Vital Component ◽  
The Creation

Nineteenth-century Europeans visiting Southeast and South Asia eulogised teak trees (Tectona grandis) for their value and beauty. Diplomatic diaries, travel memoirs, literary descriptions and geography books for children described the teak as a universal sovereign of the sylvan world, the regal “lord” of the forests. With dwindling supplies of oak in Britain, British elites saw teak as a vital component of the country's global naval supremacy in the nineteenth century. The fear of a dwindling supply of teak during the late eighteenth to the mid nineteenth centuries encouraged the creation of forestry departments and laws in British India that attempted to preserve the finite amount of teak in the sub-continent. Yet the finite ecologies of India and Burma could not supply all the teak required to fuel expanding demand. Britain would have to look beyond its formal empire in Asia to find more teak.

scholarly journals The First Demographic Transition in Galicia as an element of modernization – Rzeszów against the background of the largest cities in Galicia: Lviv and Kraków

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 327-342
Author(s):  
Sabina Rejman ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Demographic Transition ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Demographic Changes ◽  
Death Rates ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Subject ◽  
State Of Research ◽  
The 19Th Century

The article concerns selected aspects of the modernization of Galician society as illustrated by demographic changes in Rzeszów in the 19th century. The subject of the study is the first demographic transition consisting in the reduction of the value of the birth and death rates. In the case of smaller cities, such as Rzeszów, the use of nineteenth-century statistical data raises doubts among historians. The re-analysis, taking into account the current state of research, provides the premises for the conclusion that in Rzeszów at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries the symptoms of the first demographic transition were noticeable.

State of green marketing research over 25 years (1990-2014)

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 137-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prashant Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Marketing Research ◽  
Literature Survey ◽  
Green Marketing ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Journal Articles ◽  
Marketing Practice ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Current State ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
State Of Research

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to present a literature survey on, and classification for, green marketing research. Design/methodology/approach – Suitable keywords were used to search peer-reviewed journal articles published in marketing, business and management journals in duration 1990-2014. The articles identified were screened for titles, abstracts, keywords, frameworks, headings and sub-headings that resulted in 161 relevant articles. These articles were classified across thematic categories and their distribution was also presented for year of publication, publication outlets, location of authors, key contributing authors. Findings – The articles were classified across four thematic categories: eco-orientation, green marketing strategy, green marketing functions and green marketing consequences. It outlined the contribution of the earlier work under each theme, illustrated upon their implications for green marketing practice and research and provided directions for future research. Research limitations/implications – This literature survey provides a source for understanding current state of research on green marketing and to stimulate further interest of researchers in the domain. Originality/value – The paper provides a comprehensive review of green marketing literature on green marketing, distinctly adding to the contributions made by earlier literature reviews in the domain. It outlines the classifications of the literature, and key concepts and themes related to green marketing that intend to shape future research directions.

‘Orgies of the upper gallery’: Preliminary reflections on nineteenth-century theatre fans

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 263-278
Author(s):  
Agata Łuksza
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Fan Studies ◽  
Fan Culture ◽  
Historical Knowledge ◽  
Current State ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Early Case ◽  
Fan Practices ◽  
State Of Research

Since the very beginning, fan studies have challenged common assumptions about media fans, gradually opening the research field onto different aspects and dimensions of fan culture. So far, however, little has been done regarding both fandom history and theatre fandoms, which would significantly enrich the landscape of fan studies. This article assesses the current state of research on historical audiences, and how historical knowledge on theatre audiences and methodologies, developed within these studies, can be further explored from a fan studies perspective. It is an attempt to look at nineteenth-century theatre through the lenses of the most engaged spectators, whom I call simply ‘theatre fans’, and recover their experiences, behaviours and practices. Broadly speaking, this article seeks to discuss the challenges and opportunities of fan history research by investigating some examples of historical fan practices in Warsaw Theatres and focusing on the early case of ‘fandom war’ between the czakiści and wisnowczycy, as the groups of fans of two actresses – Jadwiga Czaki and Maria Wisnowska – identified themselves. The aim is to re-evaluate fan practices and media engagements in the nineteenth century to recover the then emerging matrix of meanings essential to the understanding of fandom.

scholarly journals critical Analysis of the current state of research on the topic of business succession

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jürgen Weltermann ◽  
Lubimora Strazovska
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Central Research ◽  
Literature Analysis ◽  
Current State ◽  
State Of Research ◽  
Business Succession

In the next few years, many companies in the field of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Germany are about to change the generation of entrepreneurs. This article deals with the reasons and strategies for regulated succession of entrepreneurs in these SMEs. The following research question is at the heart of the present study: 'What are the reasons and strategies for finding a business successor considering the company analysis for small and medium-sized enterprises in Germany?'. Within the scope of an extensive literature analysis, the current state of research on the topic of business succession is analysed by a qualitative content analysis according to Mayring and the most important reasons and strategies are identified. For this purpose, 4 main codes and 14 subcodes were defined inductively and deductively, and the present literature was encoded according to the method of structured content analysis. 673 codings were carried out and then analysed in the context of the research questions.The main reasons and strategies were identified, and the research question was fully answered. In addition to answering the central research question, the article also makes recommendations for the planning and complete implementation of a regulated business succession within the framework of the article conclusion. This article is the author's second article on the topic of Business Succession and is complementary to the author's first article.

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