scholarly journals Effects of planting dates on growth and nutrient accumulation of carrots in the brazilian semi-arid

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 166-177
Author(s):  
Victor Emmanuel de Vasconcelos Gomes ◽  
Leilson Costa Grangeiro ◽  
Núbia Marisa Ferreira ◽  
Rodolfo Rodrigo De Almeida Lacerda ◽  
Antônio Fabrício de Almeida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Accumulation ◽  
Planting Dates ◽  
Semi Arid

scholarly journals Growth and Yield of Guar (<i>Cyamopsis tetragonoloba</i> L.) Genotypes under Different Planting Dates in the Semi-Arid Southern High Plains

2016 ◽  
Vol 07 (08) ◽  
pp. 1246-1258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sudhir Singla ◽  
Kulbhushan Grover ◽  
Sangamesh V. Angadi ◽  
Sultan H. Begna ◽  
Brian Schutte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Yield ◽  
High Plains ◽  
Cyamopsis Tetragonoloba ◽  
Southern High Plains ◽  
Planting Dates ◽  
Semi Arid

scholarly journals Grain yield and associated physiological traits of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) cultivars under different planting dates and drought stress at the 3 flowering stage

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aliakbar Shafighi ◽  
Mohammad Reza Ardakani ◽  
Amir Hossein Shirani Rad ◽  
Mojtaba Alavifazel ◽  
Farnaz Rafiei
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Arid Regions ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Planting Date ◽  
Oilseed Crop ◽  
Flowering Stage ◽  
Planting Dates ◽  
Late Season ◽  
Semi Arid

The adverse effects of abiotic stresses have always restricted oilseed crop production, particularly in arid and semi-arid regions. On the other side, global climate change has led us to adapt planting dates and select tolerant cultivars to encounter the new climatic conditions. To evaluate the effect of late-season drought stress under different planting dates on rapeseed cultivars, an experiment was conducted as a factorial split-plot based on randomized complete block design in Karaj region- Iran, during 2015-2017. Planting date and irrigation treatments were considered in the main plots as factorial and cultivars were placed in subplots. Two planting dates were regular date (October 7) (PD1) and late planting date (November 6) (PD2). Irrigation was also carried out at two levels of normal irrigation (NI) and irrigation interruption from flowering stage onwards (II). Experimental cultivars included ES Hydromel, ES Alonso, ES Darko, ES Lauren, and Ahmadi. According to the results, late-season drought stress and delayed planting date reduced leaf relative water content (LRWC), total chlorophyll content (TCC), proline (LPC), and grain yield (GY), and increased stomatal resistance (SR), canopy temperature (CT), and leaf soluble carbohydrates (CLS) in rapeseed cultivars. The highest grain yield (4505.6 kg ha-1) was obtained in NI conditions and PD1. Significant interactions of planting date, irrigation, and cultivar on LRWC, SR, and CLS traits indicated that the ES Hydromel was the most tolerant hybrid cultivar with the highest LRWC and the lowest SR and CLS levels compared to other ones in unfavorable conditions of late-season drought stress and delayed planting. To confirm these results, cluster analysis led to the formation of two clusters, where ES Darko, Ahmadi, and ES Lauren cultivars were placed in the sensitive cluster and ES Hydromel and ES Alonso cultivars were assigned to the tolerant cluster. Therefore, ES Hydromel can be introduced as a superior cultivar to be selected as a genotype that presents acceptable resistance under drought stress and late sowing in arid and semi-arid regions.

scholarly journals Climate Change Impact Assessment and Adaptation Strategies for Rainfed Wheat in Contrasting Climatic Regions of Iran

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meisam Nazari ◽  
Behnam Mirgol ◽  
Hamid Salehi
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizer ◽  
Climate Change Impact ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Climate Change Scenarios ◽  
Planting Dates ◽  
Change Impact ◽  
Rainfed Wheat ◽  
Semi Arid

This is the first large-scale study to assess the climate change impact on the grain yield of rainfed wheat for three provinces of contrasting climatic conditions (temperate, cold semi-arid, and hot arid) in Iran. Five integrative climate change scenarios including +0.5°C temperature plus−5% precipitation, +1°C plus−10%, +1.5°C plus−15%, +2°C plus−20%, and +2.5°C plus−25% were used and evaluated. Nitrogen fertilizer and shifting planting dates were tested for their suitability as adaptive strategies for rainfed wheat against the changing climate. The climate change scenarios reduced the grain yield by −6.9 to −44.8% in the temperate province Mazandaran and by −7.3 to −54.4% in the hot arid province Khuzestan but increased it by +16.7% in the cold semi-arid province Eastern Azarbaijan. The additional application of +15, +30, +45, and +60 kg ha−1 nitrogen fertilizer as urea at sowing could not, in most cases, compensate for the grain yield reductions under the climate change scenarios. Instead, late planting dates in November, December, and January enhanced the grain yield by +6 to +70.6% in Mazandaran under all climate change scenarios and by +94 to +271% in Khuzestan under all climate change scenarios except under the scenario +2.5°C temperature plus−25% precipitation which led to a grain yield reduction of −85.5%. It is concluded that rainfed wheat production in regions with cold climates can benefit from the climate change, but it can be impaired in temperate regions and especially in vulnerable hot regions like Khuzestan. Shifting planting date can be regarded as an efficient yield-compensating and environmentally friendly adaptive strategy of rainfed wheat against the climate change in temperate and hot arid regions.

scholarly journals The Management Strategies of Pearl Millet Farmers to Cope with Seasonal Rainfall Variability in a Semi-Arid Agroclimate

Agronomy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Festo Richard Silungwe ◽  
Frieder Graef ◽  
Sonoko Dorothea Bellingrath-Kimura ◽  
Siza Donald Tumbo ◽  
Frederick Cassian Kahimba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pearl Millet ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Rainfall Variability ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Rainfed Agriculture ◽  
Planting Dates ◽  
Effective Response ◽  
On Farm ◽  
Semi Arid

Rainfed agriculture constitutes around 80% of the world’s agricultural land, achieving the lowest on-farm crop yields and greatest on-farm water losses. Much of this land is in developing countries, including sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), where hunger is chronic. The primary constraint of rainfed agriculture—frequently experienced in SSA—is water scarcity, heightened by the unpredictability of season onset, erratic rainfall, as well as the inability of farmers to provide adequate soil and crop management. Farmers react differently to constraints, making a variety of choices—including the timing of planting, type of land cultivation, fertilization, and scattered fields, among many others. Limited information is available on the combined effects of these strategies for improving crop yield and water use efficiency (WUE). An experiment was co-conducted with farmers over four consecutive rainy seasons (2014–2018) in Tanzania, to evaluate these strategies for single and joint effects in improving yield and WUE on rainfed pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R.Br.). The treatments used were flat cultivation both without and with microdosing, as well as tied ridging without and with microdose interaction, with different planting dates depending on farmers’ decisions. Results show that farmers react differently to the early, normal, or late onset of the rainy season, and cumulative rainfall during its onset, which affects their decisions regarding planting dates, yield, and WUE. Microdose fertilization increases both the yield and WUE of pearl millet significantly, with greater effects obtained using tied ridging compared to flat cultivation. For low-income smallholder farmers in a semi-arid agroclimate, using tied ridging with microdosing during early planting is an effective response to spatiotemporal rainfall variability and poor soils.

Assessment of the effects of phytogenic nebkhas on soil nutrient accumulation and soil microbiological property improvement in semi-arid sandy land

2016 ◽  
Vol 91 ◽  
pp. 582-589 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chengyou Cao ◽  
Yusuwaji Abulajiang ◽  
Ying Zhang ◽  
Shuwei Feng ◽  
Tingting Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Nutrient ◽  
Nutrient Accumulation ◽  
Sandy Land ◽  
Semi Arid

Application of CSM-CROPGRO-Cotton model for cultivars and optimum planting dates: Evaluation in changing semi-arid climate

2019 ◽  
Vol 238 ◽  
pp. 139-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Habib ur Rahman ◽  
Ashfaq Ahmad ◽  
Aftab Wajid ◽  
Manzoor Hussain ◽  
Fahd Rasul ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arid Climate ◽  
Planting Dates ◽  
Semi Arid

scholarly journals Modelling Rainfed Pearl Millet Yield Sensitivity to Abiotic Stresses in Semi-Arid Central Tanzania, Eastern Africa

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (16) ◽  
pp. 4330
Author(s):  
Festo Richard Silungwe ◽  
Frieder Graef ◽  
Sonoko Dorothea Bellingrath-Kimura ◽  
Emmanuel A Chilagane ◽  
Siza Donald Tumbo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Pearl Millet ◽  
Eastern Africa ◽  
Planting Dates ◽  
Late Planting ◽  
Heat Tolerant ◽  
Yield Responses ◽  
Precipitation Changes ◽  
Semi Arid ◽  
Millet Yield

Drought and heat-tolerant crops, such as Pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum), are priority crops for fighting hunger in semi-arid regions. Assessing its performance under future climate scenarios is critical for determining its resilience and sustainability. Field experiments were conducted over two consecutive seasons (2015/2016 and 2016/2017) to determine the yield responses of the crop (pearl millet variety “Okoa”) to microdose fertilizer application in a semi-arid region of Tanzania. Data from the experiment were used to calibrate and validate the DSSAT model (CERES Millet). Subsequently, the model evaluated synthetic climate change scenarios for temperature increments and precipitation changes based on historic observations (2010–2018). Temperature increases of +0.5 to +3.0 °C (from baseline), under non-fertilized (NF) and fertilizer microdose (MD) conditions were used to evaluate nine planting dates of pearl millet from early (5 December) to late planting (25 February), based on increments of 10 days. The planting date with the highest yields was subjected to 49 synthetic scenarios of climate change for temperature increments and precipitation changes (of −30% up to +30% from baseline) to simulate yield responses. Results show that the model reproduced the phenology and yield, indicating a very good performance. Model simulations indicate that temperature increases negatively affected yields for all planting dates under NF and MD. Early and late planting windows were more negatively affected than the normal planting window, implying that temperature increases reduced the length of effective planting window for achieving high yields in both NF and MD. Farmers must adjust their planting timing, while the timely availability of seeds and fertilizer is critical. Precipitation increases had a positive effect on yields under all tested temperature increments, but Okoa cultivar only has steady yield increases up to a maximum of 1.5 °C, beyond which yields decline. This informs the need for further breeding or testing of other cultivars that are more heat tolerant. However, under MD, the temperature increments and precipitation change scenarios are higher than under NF, indicating a high potential of yield improvement under MD, especially with precipitation increases. Further investigation should focus on other cropping strategies such as the use of in-field rainwater harvesting and heat-tolerant cultivars to mitigate the effects of temperature increase and change in precipitation on pearl millet yield.

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