scholarly journals Growth and Yield of Guar (<i>Cyamopsis tetragonoloba</i> L.) Genotypes under Different Planting Dates in the Semi-Arid Southern High Plains

2016 ◽  
Vol 07 (08) ◽  
pp. 1246-1258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sudhir Singla ◽  
Kulbhushan Grover ◽  
Sangamesh V. Angadi ◽  
Sultan H. Begna ◽  
Brian Schutte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Yield ◽  
High Plains ◽  
Cyamopsis Tetragonoloba ◽  
Southern High Plains ◽  
Planting Dates ◽  
Semi Arid

scholarly journals Planting Date Effects on Cotton Lint Yield and Fiber Quality in the U.S. Southern High Plains

Agriculture ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven Mauget ◽  
Mauricio Ulloa ◽  
Jane Dever
Keyword(s):  
Fiber Quality ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Planting Date ◽  
Seed Vigor ◽  
High Plains ◽  
Fiber Elongation ◽  
Southern High Plains ◽  
Planting Dates ◽  
Cotton Lint ◽  
The U.S

Cotton planting date effects in the U.S. Southern High Plains (SHP) were evaluated based on 11 years of May-planted and June-planted irrigated variety trials. Multiple cultivars planted in each year’s trial allowed for the calculation of 153 yield effects and 162 effects in 5 fiber quality parameters. Yield and quality effects were considered in the context of related changes in total growing season degree days (GDDS) and total cool hours (CHRS) during a boll formation period 80 to 110 days after planting. May planting increased GDDS and significantly increased yields in 8 of 10 years that comparisons could be made. Micronaire and fiber elongation were the most sensitive quality parameters to planting date. June planting resulted in increased CHRS every year and a significantly higher incidence of low micronaire in 7 of 11 years. In 7 of 11 years May planting significantly reduced fiber elongation relative to June planting. Analysis of SHP temperature data show that late-April to early-May planting dates may increase yield and micronaire by maximizing GDDS and minimizing CHRS. Although this practice may be optimal to the SHP environment it may also require high-vigor seed and pre-planting irrigation. Adapting genetics to an early planting strategy might include selecting for improved seed vigor and cold germination with acceptable yield and fiber quality traits.

Effect of row spacing and sowing time on seed yield, quality parameters and nutrient uptake of guar [Cyamopsis tetragonoloba (L.) Taub] in semi arid climate of Southern Telanagana, India

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. V. Ramanjaneyulu ◽  
A. Madhavi ◽  
T. L. Neelima ◽  
P. Naresh ◽  
K. Indudhar Reddy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Uptake ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Arid Climate ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Cyamopsis Tetragonoloba ◽  
Sowing Time ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Semi Arid

A field experiment was conducted during kharif 2013 and 2014 to study the effect of row spacing and sowing time on seed yield, galactomannan and protein content and nutrient uptake of guar in semi arid climate of Southern Telangana. The crop sown at row spacing of 30 cm recorded significantly higher seed yield than that of 45 cm and 60 cm spacing. Production and rainfall use efficiency and harvest index besides growth and yield attributes, galactomannan and protein yields, N, P and K uptake were also significantly higher at 30 cm spacing. Sowing of guar during first or second fortnight of July resulted in significantly higher seed yield than first fortnight of August sowing. Production efficiency, plant height, number of clusters plant-1 and protein yield followed the similar trend of seed yield. Negative relationship was observed between galactomannan content and sowing time. Though powdery mildew infection was higher in early sown crop and close crop spacing, higher plant population and biomass production resulted in higher seed yield of guar when compared to late sown crop and wider spacing.

Plant-available zinc fixation kinetics in semi-arid alkaline soils of the Southern High Plains

2016 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 553-564
Author(s):  
Theophilus K. Udeigwe ◽  
Madeleine Eichmann ◽  
Peter N. Eze ◽  
Jasper M. Teboh ◽  
Gondah M. Zolue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Plains ◽  
Alkaline Soils ◽  
Southern High Plains ◽  
Available Zinc ◽  
Semi Arid

scholarly journals Topographic Thresholds and Soil Preservation along the Southern High Plains Eastern Escarpment, Northwest Texas, USA

Geosciences ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 476
Author(s):  
Travis Conley ◽  
Stance Hurst ◽  
Eileen Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Late Pleistocene ◽  
Late Holocene ◽  
High Plains ◽  
Buried Soils ◽  
Lateral Migration ◽  
South Fork ◽  
The South ◽  
Southern High Plains ◽  
Middle Holocene ◽  
Semi Arid

The eastern escarpment of the Southern High Plains (USA) is today a semi-arid erosional landscape delineated by canyon breaks and topographic relief. A series of buried soils were identified, described, and sampled at 19 soil profile localities exposed along terraces of the South Fork of the Double Mountain Fork of the Brazos River (South Fork) and two associated tributaries (Spring Creek and Macy 285 drainage). Radiocarbon dating revealed late-Pleistocene to early Holocene (~12,580–9100 14C B.P.), middle-Holocene (~6025–4600 14C B.P.), and late-Holocene (~2000–800 14C B.P.) buried soils. The late-Pleistocene to middle-Holocene soils were preserved only at higher elevations within the upper section of the South Fork and Spring Creek. A topographic position analysis was conducted using GIS to identify and examine the impacts of a soil topographic threshold on the preservation and distribution of buried soils within this geomorphic system. Above the identified ~810 m threshold, lateral migration of channels was constrained. Extensive channel migration below the threshold removed older terraces that were replaced with late-Holocene terraces and associated buried soils. Landscape topography constraints on geomorphic processes and soil formation impacted the preservation of archaeological sites in this semi-arid region.

Evaluation of Cotton Establishment Strategies Using Subsurface Drip Irrigation (SDI) in the Southern High Plains of Texas

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 891-904
Author(s):  
James P. Bordovsky ◽  
Joseph T. Mustian
Keyword(s):  
Water Use ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Subsurface Drip Irrigation ◽  
High Plains ◽  
Plant Establishment ◽  
Southern High Plains ◽  
Planting Dates ◽  
Traditional Treatment ◽  
Plant Stand ◽  
Subsurface Drip

Abstract.HighlightsPlanting date and crop row distance from SDI laterals affect final cotton plant population, lint yield and water use.Cotton rows directly above 2.03-m spaced SDI laterals should only be used late within the cotton planting window.Positioning pairs of rows nearer to 2.03-m spaced SDI laterals increased yield compared to evenly spaced rows.SDI laterals spaced 1.02 m versus 2.03 m apart increased cotton yield by 5% and water use efficiency by 7%. In the Texas High Plains (THP), water table declines in the Ogallala Aquifer and the high evaporative environment have helped motivate the transition from surface and center pivot irrigation to subsurface drip irrigation (SDI). A major challenge to wider adoption of SDI in the region is inconsistent cotton seed germination and plant establishment due to dry overwinter conditions, the difficulty of “pushing” irrigation water upward into the seed germination zone, and the high evaporative environment during the optimum cotton planting period. To evaluate strategies for improving cotton establishment using SDI in the Southern High Plains (SHP) of Texas, a field experiment having five crop row/ SDI lateral configurations, each with two planting dates, was conducted from 2013 to 2018 at the Texas A&amp;M AgriLife Research Center in Halfway, Texas. Differences in final plant stands, cotton yields, cotton fiber qualities, and water productivities were determined. Averaged over planting dates and years, planting directly over 1.02-m spaced SDI laterals (Every-Row configuration) increased final plant stand by 9.5%, cotton yield by 5.1%, irrigation water use efficiencies (IWUE) by 6.7%, and irrigation value (IValue) by 6.1% over planting pairs of 1.02-m spaced rows equidistant and parallel to 2.03-m spaced laterals (Traditional configuration). Compared to the Traditional configuration, planting pairs of cotton rows 0.76 m apart with both rows closer to 2.03-m spaced SDI laterals (30-50 configuration) increased final plant stand by 9.5% and yield by 3.0%. Considering additional treatments with 2.03-m spaced cotton rows planted directly over 2.03-m spaced SDI laterals (Skip-Row configuration) and 1.02-m spaced cotton rows having one row directly over 2.03-m spaced laterals and one row “not irrigated” (Skip-Row Plus configuration), early plantings resulted in five-year yields of 1400 and 1600 kg ha-1, respectively. However, these yields were less than those from the late planted, Traditional treatment at 1620 kg ha-1. Also, IValues and IWUEs of both Skip-Row treatments were significantly lower (p&lt;0.05) than those of the Traditional treatment. Based on these results, the Skip-Row or Skip-Row Plus configurations should only be used late in the cotton planting period when soil water is not available for plant establishment using the Traditional or 30-50 configurations. Advantages of Every-Row and 30-50 over the Traditional configuration must be weighed against their increased costs. Keywords: Cotton, Germination, Irrigation, Southern High Plains, Subsurface drip irrigation (SDI).

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