scholarly journals Identifikasi Senyawa Aktif Kulit Batang Ampupu (Eucalyptus alba Reinw. Ex. Blume) dalam Menghambat Pertumbuhan Jamur Fusariummoniliforme

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (01) ◽  
pp. 11-13
Author(s):  
Bernadina Metboki
Keyword(s):  
Tert Butyl ◽  
Alpha Pinene ◽  
Fusarium Sp

Produksi jagung yang rendah di Indonesia disebabkan oleh banyak faktor salah satunya adalah penyakit yang disebabkan oleh jamur. Pengendalian jamur dengan menggunakan bahan kimia sangat berbahaya bagi kesehatan. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan usaha pengembangan fungisida nabati yang ramah lingkungan, misalnya dengan menggunakan ekstrak kulit batang ampupu. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui efek anti jamur dari ekstrak kulit batang ampupu terhadap pertumbuhan jamur Fusarium sp. yangmenyebabkan busuk tongkoljagung. Pengujian hambatan pertumbuhan Fusarium sp. oleh ekstrak kulit batang ampupu dilakukan di laboratorium dengan metode sumur difusi pada media PDA. Ekstrak dengan konsentrasi 1,5%, 3,0%, 4,5% di masukkan dalam sumur difusi pada setiap petri. Identifikasi senyawa aktif menggunakan Kromatografi Gas-Spektroskopi Massa.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara in vitro ekstrak kasar kulit batang ampupu dengan konsentrasi 1,5%, 3,0%, dan 4,5% mampu menghambat pertumbuhan jamur Fusarium moniliformedengan diameter zona hambatan masing-masing adalah 0,18 mm, 1,85 mm, 2,01 mm. peningkatan konsentrasi ekstrak yang diberikan menyebabkan zona hambatan yang terbentuk lebih besar. Sebelas senyawa dalam ekstrak methanol kulit batang ampupu diketahui berpotensi sebagai anti jamur yaitu Ethylbenzene, o-Xylene, ALPHA.-PINENE,DELTA.3-Carene, Azulene(CAS)Cyclopentacycloheptene, Tetradecane(CAS)n-Tetradecane, 2,6-Diisopropylnaphthalene, 7,9-Di-tert-butyl-1-oxaspiro(4,5)deca-6,9-dien, Hexadecanamide, 9-Octadecenamide, (Z)-(CAS)OLEOAMIDE, 1,2-Benzenedicarboxylicacid,mono(2-ethylhexyl). ©2018 dipublikasikan oleh Savana Cendana.

Biocontrol of seed-borne Alternaria raphani and A. brassicicola

1987 ◽  
Vol 33 (10) ◽  
pp. 850-856 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Vannacci ◽  
G. E. Harman
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Host Range ◽  
Trichoderma Harzianum ◽  
Pythium Species ◽  
Biological Control Agents ◽  
Fusarium Sp ◽  
Chamber Studies ◽  
Growth Chamber Studies ◽  
Radish Seedlings

Forty-two microorganisms were tested as biological control agents against Alternaria raphani and A. brassicicola. Tests were conducted for in vitro antagonistic ability, for ability to control the pathogens on naturally infected seeds germinated on moistened blotters, and in planting mix in growth chamber studies, and for their ability to reduce pod infection. The organisms tested were obtained from cruciferous seeds or were strains already identified as being effective against soil-borne Pythium species. The blotter test indicated that six organisms increased both the number of healthy seedlings and the number of seedlings produced from A. raphani infected radish seeds. An additional seven strains improved either germination or increased the number of healthy seedlings. Twenty-nine organisms increased the number of healthy cabbage seedlings from A. brassicicola infected seeds, but total germination was not modified by any treatment. Experiments in planting mix showed that five antagonists (Chaetomium globosum, two strains of Trichoderma harzianum, T. koningii, and Fusarium sp.) increased the number of healthy plants in both radish samples tested, while four additional antagonists provided a significant increase in only one of the samples tested. The five antagonists that consistently increased numbers of healthy radish seedlings also decreased pod infection by A. raphani. None were as effective as iprodrone, however. Several effective antagonists were found to be mycoparasitic against Alternaria spp. Some strains of Trichoderma previously found to be effective against Pythium spp. were also effective against Alternaria spp., indicating that these strains have a wide host range.

scholarly journals Rizobactérias e alface: colonização rizosférica, promoção de crescimento e controle biológico

2006 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 225-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriana Nanô Sottero ◽  
Sueli dos Santos Freitas ◽  
Arlete Marchi Tavares de Melo ◽  
Paulo Espíndola Trani
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Spp ◽  
Fusarium Sp

Rizobactérias promotoras do crescimento de plantas (RPCPs) podem aumentar a produção agrícola de diversas culturas. O objetivo deste trabalho foi relacionar a colonização radicular e, ou, do colo de plântulas por RPCPs, avaliada in vitro, com sua capacidade de promoção do crescimento, de maneira a agilizar os testes de seleção de isolados de rizobactérias. Além disso, testou-se o antagonismo in vitro entre as bactérias e o fungo Fusarium sp., para verificar a possibilidade de ser a promoção do crescimento exercida por controle biológico de fitopatógeno. Avaliaram-se 64 isolados de rizobactérias do grupo fluorescente de Pseudomonas spp., de diversas origens. A avaliação foi feita visualmente, considerando-se que a presença de uma névoa turva de aspecto esbranquiçado ao longo e em volta da raiz ou de névoa em volta do colo da plântula indicava a colonização das raízes pela bactéria. De todos os isolados bacterianos, apenas oito resultaram em névoa ao longo das raízes e trinta e oito colonizaram a região do colo. Desenvolveu-se também um experimento em casa de vegetação para verificar a capacidade desses isolados de promover crescimento em plantas de alface. O substrato utilizado foi formado por uma mistura de solo e esterco de galinha, semelhante ao usado pelos produtores. Doze isolados promoveram o crescimento das plantas, tendo quatro aumentado a massa de matéria seca da raiz e nove, o número de folhas. Onze isolados que promoveram o crescimento das plantas de alface apresentaram colonização radicular na região do colo. No teste de antagonismo in vitro em meio B de King e em meio BDA, doze dos sessenta e quatro isolados avaliados apresentaram antagonismo contra Fusarium sp., e, desses, apenas três foram eficientes na promoção de crescimento de plantas de alface, tendo colonizado a região do colo das plântulas.

scholarly journals Potensi Metabolit Sekunder Cendawan Endofit Tanaman Cabai sebagai Penghambat Fusarium sp. Patogen Asal Biji Secara in Vitro

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Dewi Novina Sukapiring ◽  
◽  
Bonny Poernomo Wahyu Soekarno ◽  
Titiek Siti Yuliani ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Sp

scholarly journals Actividad antifúngica de propóleos obtenidos en tres provincias de Cuba sobre hongos contaminantes en cultivo de tejidos vegetales

2014 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 3-9
Author(s):  
René Dionisio Cupull-Santana ◽  
Remigio Cortés-Rodríguez ◽  
Ervelio Eliseo Olazábal-Manso ◽  
Carlos Alberto Hernández Medina
Keyword(s):  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Penicillium Sp ◽  
Trichoderma Sp ◽  
Fusarium Sp ◽  
Aspergillus Sp

La investigación se realizó con el objetivo de evaluar las características fisicoquímicas y la actividad antifúngica de propóleos de Apis mellifera, provenientes de las provincias de Villa Clara, Cienfuegos y Sancti Spíritus, Cuba. Se utilizó el método de recolección por raspado y se estableció el contenido de cera, ceniza, material insoluble y resina de los propóleos crudos. Además, se evaluó la actividad antimicrobiana in vitro frente a los hongos Aspergillus sp., Penicillium sp., Fusarium sp., Trichoderma sp., Colletotrichum sp. y Monilia sp.; los extractos presentaron alta actividad antifúngica en un amplio rango de concentraciones; además, los parámetros fisicoquímicos presentaron valores semejantes y dentro de los establecidos por regulaciones internacionales.

scholarly journals Saprophytic microorganisms with potential for biological control of Botrytis cinerea on Geraldton waxflower flowers

2001 ◽  
Vol 41 (5) ◽  
pp. 697 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. R. Beasley ◽  
D. C. Joyce ◽  
L. M. Coates ◽  
A. H. Wearing
Keyword(s):  
Botrytis Cinerea ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Germ Tube ◽  
Conidial Germination ◽  
Pseudomonas Sp ◽  
Trichoderma Spp ◽  
Fusarium Sp ◽  
Flower Abscission ◽  
Germ Tube Elongation

Saprophytic bacteria, yeasts and filamentous fungi were isolated from Geraldton waxflower flowers and screened to identify potential antagonism towards Botrytis cinerea. Isolates from other sources (e.g. avocado) were also tested. Isolates were initially screened in vitro for inhibition of B. cinerea conidial germination, germ tube elongation and mycelial growth. The most antagonistic bacteria, yeasts and fungi were selected for further testing on detached waxflower flowers. Conidia of the pathogen were mixed with conidia or cells of the selected antagonists, co-inoculated onto waxflower flowers, and the flowers were sealed in glass jars and incubated at 20˚C. The number of days required for the pathogen to cause flower abscission was determined. The most antagonistic bacterial isolate, Pseudomonas sp. 677, significantly reduced conidial germination and retarded germ tube elongation of B. cinerea. None of the yeast or fungal isolates tested was found to significantly reduce conidial germination or retard germ tube elongation, but several significantly inhibited growth of B. cinerea. Fusarium sp., Epicoccum sp. and Trichoderma spp. were the most antagonistic of these isolates. Of the isolates tested on waxflower, Pseudomonas sp. 677 was highly antagonistic towards B. cinerea and delayed waxflower abscission by about 3 days. Trichoderma harzianum also significantly delayed flower abscission. However, as with most of the fungal antagonists used, inoculation of waxflower flowers with this isolate resulted in unsightly mycelial growth.

scholarly journals Use of Methyl Tert-Butyl Ether for the Treatment of Refractory Intrahepatic Biliary Strictures and Bile Casts: A Modern Perspective

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory Kim ◽  
Saninuj N. Malayaman ◽  
Michael Stuart Green
Keyword(s):  
Diethyl Ether ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Expectant Management ◽  
The United States ◽  
Methyl Tert Butyl Ether ◽  
Definitive Treatment ◽  
Team Approach ◽  
Butyl Ether ◽  
Tert Butyl

Cholelithiasis is a prevalent problem in the United States with 14% or more adults affected. Definitive treatment of cholelithiasis is cholecystectomy. When cholecystectomy yields minimal resolution treatment options include expectant management of asymptomatic gallstones or endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatogram. We present a case of intrahepatic biliary casts where surgical option was not possible, interventional radiology was unsuccessful, and methyl tert-butyl ether was used to dissolve the biliary obstruction. Dissolution therapy of gallstones was first reported in 1722 when Vollisnieri used turpentine in vitro. While diethyl ether has excellent solubilizing capacity, its low boiling point limited its use surgically as it vaporizes immediately. Diethyl ether can expand 120-fold during warming to body temperature after injection into the biliary system making it impractical for routine use. The use of dissolution is out of favor due to the success of laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Epidemiological studies have shown the general population should have minimal concerns from passive exposure. Dissolution using MTBE remains a viable option if surgical or endoscopic options are not available. However, because of risks involved to both the patient and the staff, careful multidisciplinary team approach must be undertaken to minimize the risks and provide the best possible care to the patient.

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