Functional Diversities of ASR (ABA-, Stress-, Ripening-induced) Genes in Plants

The proinflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) modulates the expression of many genes, primarily through activation of NF-κB. Here, we examined the global effects of the elongation factor Spt5 on nascent and mature mRNAs of TNF-α-induced cells using chromatin and cytosolic subcellular fractions. We identified several classes of TNF-α-induced genes controlled at the level of transcription, splicing, and chromatin retention. Spt5 was found to facilitate splicing and chromatin release in genes displaying high induction rates. Further analysis revealed striking effects of TNF-α on the splicing of 25% of expressed genes; the vast majority were not transcriptionally induced. Splicing enhancement of noninduced genes by TNF-α was transient and independent of NF-κB. Investigating the underlying basis, we found that Spt5 is required for the splicing facilitation of the noninduced genes. In line with this, Spt5 interacts with Sm core protein splicing factors. Furthermore, following TNF-α treatment, levels of RNA polymerase II (Pol II) but not Spt5 are reduced from the splicing-induced genes, suggesting that these genes become enriched with a Pol II-Spt5 form. Our findings revealed the Pol II-Spt5 complex as a highly competent coordinator of cotranscriptional splicing.

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Early auxin-induced genes encode short-lived nuclear proteins.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences ◽

10.1073/pnas.91.1.326 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 91 (1) ◽

pp. 326-330 ◽

Cited By ~ 201

Author(s):

S. Abel ◽

P. W. Oeller ◽

A. Theologis

Keyword(s):

Nuclear Proteins ◽

Induced Genes

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Trichoderma asperelloides Suppresses Nitric Oxide Generation Elicited by Fusarium oxysporum in Arabidopsis Roots

Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions ◽

10.1094/mpmi-06-13-0160-r ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 27 (4) ◽

pp. 307-314 ◽

Cited By ~ 35

Author(s):

Kapuganti J. Gupta ◽

Luis A. J. Mur ◽

Yariv Brotman

Keyword(s):

Nitric Oxide ◽

Fusarium Oxysporum ◽

No Production ◽

Disease Development ◽

Necrotrophic Pathogen ◽

Trichoderma Spp ◽

Promote Plant Growth ◽

Induced Genes ◽

Underlying Mechanisms ◽

Lectin Protein

Inoculations with saprophytic fungus Trichoderma spp. are now extensively used both to promote plant growth and to suppress disease development. The underlying mechanisms for both roles have yet to be fully described so that the use of Trichoderma spp. could be optimized. Here, we show that Trichoderma asperelloides effects include the manipulation of host nitric oxide (NO) production. NO was rapidly formed in Arabidopsis roots in response to the soil-borne necrotrophic pathogen Fusarium oxysporum and persisted for about 1 h but is only transiently produced (approximately 10 min) when roots interact with T. asperelloides (T203). However, inoculation of F. oxysporum–infected roots with T. asperelloides suppressed F. oxysporum–initiated NO production. A transcriptional study of 78 NO-modulated genes indicated most genes were suppressed by single and combinational challenge with F. oxysporum or T. asperelloides. Only two F. oxysporum–induced genes were suppressed by T. asperelloides inoculation undertaken either 10 min prior to or after pathogen infection: a concanavlin A-like lectin protein kinase (At4g28350) and the receptor-like protein RLP30. Thus, T. asperelloides can actively suppress NO production elicited by F. oxysporum and impacts on the expression of some genes reported to be NO-responsive. Of particular interest was the reduced expression of receptor-like genes that may be required for F. oxysporum–dependent necrotrophic disease development.

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Acinetobacter baylyi Starvation-Induced Genes Identified through Incubation in Long-Term Stationary Phase

Applied and Environmental Microbiology ◽

10.1128/aem.01806-09 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 76 (14) ◽

pp. 4905-4908 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

C. Phoebe Lostroh ◽

Bruce A. Voyles

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Stationary Phase ◽

Batch Culture ◽

Exponential Growth ◽

Hypothetical Proteins ◽

Acinetobacter Baylyi ◽

Metabolic Gene Expression ◽

Induced Genes ◽

Dna Maintenance

ABSTRACT Acinetobacter species encounter cycles of feast and famine in nature. We show that populations of A cinetobacter baylyi strain ADP1 remain dynamic for 6 weeks in batch culture. We created a library of lacZ reporters inserted into SalI sites in the genome and then isolated 30 genes with lacZ insertions whose expression was induced by starvation during long-term stationary phase compared with their expression during exponential growth. The genes encode metabolic, gene expression, DNA maintenance, envelope, and conserved hypothetical proteins.

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