Influence of preparations of biochemical and microbiological origin on the yield of corn for grain on drip irrigation

The results of research on the study of the impact of agents of biochemical and microbiological origin of production LLP R&D Enterprise "5 Element" on the production process, the structure of yield and yield of corn under drip irrigation are highlighted. It is determined, that the highest yield of corn can be obtained by holding the pre-sowing treatment of seeds with nanobiostimulator of plant growth "V-Agro. Seeds" and the double treatment of vegetative plants with a solution of concentrate of products of vital activity of nitrogen-fixing soil algae. The combined use of the agent "V-Agro. Seeds" and the solution of concentrate of products of vital activity nitrogen-fixing soil algae provides a corn yield of 16,1 t/ha, which is by 5,5 t/ha, or 51,9 % more than in the absolute control (without seed treatment and foliar treatment of plants). It is also established that the separate use of agents both for seed treatment and plant treatment during the growing season is also an effective measure. The single seed treatment with nanobiostimulator of plant growth "V-Agro. "Seeds" helps to increase the yield of corn by 1,6 t/ha, or by 15,1 %. A similar effect was obtained using for processing seeds of the biological product Soil Algae (live culture in powder form), where the increase in yield was 14,1 % (1,5 t/ha). It is determined that the use of agents for foliar application is more effective than pre-sowing seed treatment. The double spraying of corn plants, with respectively, 2 % and 4 % solution of concentrate of products of vital activity of nitrogen-fixing soil algae provides crop yields by 3,2 t/ha, or 30,2 % compared to the control. The use of nanobiostimulator of growth plants "V-Agro. Leaf processing" for foliar application provides the yield increase up to 2,8 t/ha, or 26,4 %. The biggest average weight of one cob corn was obtained due to the agricultural measure, which involves pre-sowing seed treatment nanobiostimulator of plant growth "V-Agro. Seeds" and the double treatment of vegetative plants with a solution of concentrate of products of vital activity of nitrogen-fixing soil algae made it possible to get a cob with an average weight of 248,4 g, whereas in absolute control (without seed treatment and foliar treatment of plants) – 174,5 g.

The effect of a humic preparation on apple seedlings

Under the conditions of a field experiment the effect of the humic preparation BIO-Don on the growth of apple seedlings of the Vishnevaya variety was studied. The humic preparation was used in the form of a diluted solution in various ways: with irrigation water under the root of the plant, spraying on the leaf, and a combination of application to the soil with foliar treatment. The results have shown that in the first month after treatment, there is a noticeable advance in plant growth in all variants with the humic preparation, however, a statistically significant increase in growth was noted only in the variant with leaf treatment. The greatest increase in the thickness of the trunk was observed in the variant with a combination of the first two methods (application to the soil + foliar treatment). Keywords: HUMIC PREPARATION, APPLE SEEDLINGS, CALCIC CHERNOZEM, NUTRITIONAL ELEMENTS

The Effects of Reduced Mineral Fertilisation Combined with the Foliar Application of Biostimulants and Fertilisers on the Nutrition of Maiden Apple Trees and the Contents of Soil Nutrients

The experiment compared the use of a dose of mineral fertilisation reduced by half in a nursery, which was replaced by foliar treatment with biostimulants and fertilisers. The control combination was a full dose of mineral fertilisation without foliar treatments. The half dose of mineral fertiliser applied into the soil decreased its acidity and salinity. At the same time, it decreased the soil content of macro- and micronutrients, except for calcium and iron. In most cases the simultaneous foliar application of the four biostimulants tested in our experiment reduced the content of macronutrients in the leaves of maiden apple trees, except for calcium. On the other hand, it increased the iron (28.2% average) and manganese (24.8% average) levels in the leaves but reduced the levels of zinc (11.8% average) and copper (25% average). The foliar application of two fertilisers increased the leaf contents of phosphorus (12% average) and calcium (9.3% average). One of the fertilisers also increased the leaf contents of potassium, magnesium, and micronutrients.

Productivity and grain quality indicators of white lupine (Lupinus albus L.) variety Degas when using sodium selenite

The aim of the research was to study the sodium selenite using various methods effect on the yield and quality of Degas variety white lupine grain. To solve these issues microfield experiment on the experimental plot of the Department of agronomic, biological chemistry and radiology of the Russian State Agrarian University - Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy was carried out. Thus, it was found that the use of sodium selenite for foliar treatment of plants contributed to the greatest increase in the yield of white lupine plants. The increase in the grain yield of 27% compared to the control was obtained. The increase in the weight of the beans was revealed by almost 2 times. This indicates the influence of sodium selenite on the processes of fruit formation and the process of laying the seed productivity of lupine plants. The greatest effect of foliar treatment of plants with sodium selenite was found. In this variant, the largest increase in grain yield and the highest content of crude protein in the lupine grain were obtained. It is concluded that the use of selenium affects the formation of beans and grains in them, which determines the increase in plant yield.

EFFECT OF COMPLEXONS, DERIVATIVES OF SUCCINIC ACID, ON THE FORMATION OF CAROTENOIDS IN GREEN PLANTS

На основании обобщения результатов многолетних лабораторных и полевых опытов обнаружена зависимость уровня содержания жёлтых фотосинтетических пигментов в растениях от внекорневой обработки растворами комплексонов. Комплексоны, производные янтарной кислоты (иминодиянтарная кислота, этилендиаминдиянтарная кислота, диаминоциклогександиянтарная кислота) способствуют накоплению каротиноидов в зелёных растениях, а этилендиаминтетрауксусная кислота существенно не влияет на их содержание. Based on the generalization of the results of many years of laboratory and field experiments, the dependence of the content of yellow photosynthetic pigments in plants on foliar treatment with solutions of complexones was found. Complexones, derivatives of succinic acid (iminodisuccinic acid, ethylenediaminedisuccinic acid, diaminocyclohexanedisuccinic acid) contribute to the accumulation of carotenoids in green plants, and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid does not significantly affect their content.

Prospects of foliar treatments with glycine solution to increase the productivity of dill

Relevance. Dill is a popular food and medicinal crop (Anethum graveolens L.) of the Celery family (Apiaceae). Seeds of dill are included in the 14th edition of the State Pharmacopoeia of the Russian Federation. However, this crop is characterized by a relatively low yield, which reduces the efficiency of its production. The use of environmentally friendly growth-regulating compounds can significantly increase the yield and improve its quality. As a growth-regulating, foliar treatment with a solution of the amino acid glycine was tested. The amino acid glycine is environmentally friendly and does not pose a danger to humans and animals. The aim of the work was to increase the productivity of garden dill using foliar treatments with glycine amino acid.Materials and methods. Dill varieties Gribovsky and Symphony were chosen as objects to study the effect of the foliar treatments with glycine. Sowing of seeds was carried out at an early date, which for the conditions of the Lipetsk region corresponds to the first decade of April, with a SZT-3.6 seeder with 15 cm row spacing. The seeding rate was 15 kg/ha, the seeding depth was 1-2 cm. were Treatment with glycine solution was achieved in plants rosette phase. The concentration of glycine was 25, 50 and 100 mg / l. The control plants were sprayed with distilled water. The crop was cut during the period of brown seeds on the central umbrella. The content of essential oil was determined by the 14th edition of the State Pharmacopoeia of the Russian Federation (method 1). The content of the main components was determined by gas chromatography.Results. As a result of the research, a positive effect of foliar treatments with glycine on both yield and the content of essential oil in the raw material of dill varieties Gribovsky and Symphony was revealed. As a result of treatments, regardless of concentration, the seeds yield and the yield of essential oil per unit area increased. The increase in the mass of 1000 pieces of fruits was not unambiguous. Based on the results obtained, the effective concentration of amino acid glycine is determined not only by the characteristics of the variety, but also by weather conditions, when, depending on the conditions during the processing period and prior to harvesting, different aspects of the drug's action appear. According to the results of observations for 2 years and an assessment by the sum of the indicators, the optimal concentration of glycine in most cases was 100 mg / l, at the same time, for the Symphony variety for two years, two-foliar treatment with low concentrations of glycine (10 mg / l rosette + 10 mg / l budding).

Raspberry plant mycobiom under the influence of complex organic-mineral fertilizer viteri in the Central Forest Steppe of Ukraine

The results of research on the influence of foliar treatment of raspberry plants with organic fertilizer VITERI on the population size and species composition of micromycetes in the mycobiome of the rhizosphere and vegetative organs of raspberry plants of Joan J in the Central Forest-Steppe of Ukraine are presented. Microbiological, phytopathological, mycological methods and methods of sampling of raspberry plants during the growing season were used for the study. To determine the effect of VITERI fertilizer on the mycobiota of the rhizosphere and vegetative organs of raspberry plants during plant ontogeny, additional foliar treatment was performed with 1% aqueous solution of VITERI fertilizer. It was found that the population is dominated by fungi of following species: Septoria rubi, West, Aspergillus niger, V. Tiegh, Alternaria alternata, (Fr.) Keissl, Fusarium spp. These micromycetes are producers of mycotoxins and can cause disease in animals and humans, as well as contribute to biological contamination of agroecosystems. During foliar treatment of raspberry plants with VITERI fertilizer, a significant decrease in phytopathogenic load was observed in the phase of intensive fruiting compared to other phases of ontogenesis of raspberry plants.