scholarly journals Paramedic knowledge of infectious disease aetiology and transmission in an Australian emergency medical system

2003 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramon Shaban ◽  
Debra Creedy ◽  
Michele Clark
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Infectious Mononucleosis ◽  
Correct Response ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Vancomycin Resistant Enterococcus ◽  
Modes Of Transmission ◽  
Disease Aetiology ◽  
Vancomycin Resistant ◽  
Hiv Aids

Introduction Paramedics and other emergency health workers are exposed to infectious disease particularly when undertaking exposure-prone procedures as a component of their everyday practice. This study examined paramedic knowledge of infectious disease aetiology and transmission in the pre-hospital care environment. Methods A mail survey of paramedics from an Australian ambulance service (n=2274) was conducted. Results With a response rate of 55.3% (1258/2274), the study demonstrated that paramedic knowledge of infectious disease aetiology and modes of transmission was poor. Of the 25 infectious diseases included in the survey, only three aetiological agents were correctly identified by at least 80% of respondents. The most accurate responses for aetiology of individual infectious diseases were for HIV/AIDS (91.4%), influenza (87.4%), and hepatitis B (85.7%). Poorest results were observed for pertussis, infectious mononucleosis, leprosy, dengue fever, Japanese B encephalitis and vancomycin resistant enterococcus (VRE), all with less than half the sample providing a correct response. Modes of transmission of significant infectious diseases were also assessed. Most accurate responses were found for HIV/AIDS (85.8%), salmonella (81.9%) and influenza (80.1%). Poorest results were observed for infectious mononucleosis, diphtheria, shigella, Japanese B encephalitis, vancomycin resistant enterococcus, meningococcal meningitis, rubella and infectious mononucleosis, with less than a third of the sample providing a correct response. Conclusion Results suggest that knowledge of aetiology and transmission of infectious disease is generally poor amongst paramedics. A comprehensive in-service education infection control programs for paramedics with emphasis on infectious disease aetiology and transmission is recommended.

scholarly journals Efektifitas Aplikasi Handrub Terhadap Perubahan Pola Mikroorganisme Pada Tangan Petugas di Rumah Sakit Penyakit Infeksi Prof. Dr. Sulianti Saroso

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 24
Author(s):  
Nadiatul Maunah
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Enterobacter Cloacae ◽  
P Value ◽  
Healthcare Associated Infection ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Number Of Microorganisms ◽  
Healthcare Associated ◽  
Hiv Aids

Abstrak : Healthcare-Associated Infection (HAIs) merupakan masalah serius tidak hanya terbatas di rumah sakit saja tetapi juga disemua fasilitas pelayanan kesehatan. Salah satu pencegahan HAIs adalah dengan menjaga kebersihan tangan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui efektifitas handrub terhadap perubahan jumlah mikroorganisme pada tangan petugas Rumah Sakit Penyakit Iinfeksi Prof. Dr. Sulianti Saroso.Penelitin ini merupakan penelitian pre experimental dengan pre and post test without control design. Efektifitas perlakuan dinilai dengan cara membandingkan jumlah mikroorganisme dan pola mikroorganisme sebelum handrub, sesudah handrub 1 dan sesudah handrub 5. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah 69 perawat Rumah Sakit Penyakit Infeksi Prof. Dr. Sulianti Saroso yang bekerja di ruang rawat TB (Dahlia 1), ruang rawat HIV-AIDS (Dahlia 2), Ruang Intensif (ICU), dan ruang anak (Nusa Indah 1), kebidanan ( Nusa Indah 3) yang diambil dengan teknik purposive sampling. Mikroorganisme yang ditemukan ditangan petugas kesehatan Rumah Sakit Penyakit Iinfeksi Prof. Dr. Sulianti Saroso sebelum handrub adalah mikroorganisme transien dan residen yaitu : jamur, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Acinetobacter anitratus, Enterobacter cloacae dan Citrobacter sedangkan mikroorganisme setelah handrub 1 dan ke 5 adalah jamur dan Staphylococcus epidermidis. Jumlah koloni sebelum handrub maksimal 150 koloni, sedangkan jumlah koloni setelah handrub 1 dan ke 5 maksimal 87 dan 75. Hasil uji Friedman menunjukkan adanya perbedaan jumlah koloni dari ketiga perlakukan (sebelum, sesudah tindakan handrub 1 dan handrub 5 diperoleh (P value=0.000). Tindakan handrub merupakan perlakuan yang efektif dalam menekan jumlah koloni mikroorganisme di tangan. Abstract : Healthcare-associated infection (HAIs) is a serious problem should not be limited in the hospital but also all these health service facilities.One of the prevention of HAIs is by maintaining healthy hand.The purpose of this research is to know the effectiveness of hand rub on changes in the number of microorganisms on medical staff hands at infectious disease hospital of Prof.Dr.Sulianti Saroso. The research is pre-research experiment with pre and post-test without control design.The effectiveness of treatment is considered by means of compare the number of microorganisms and the pattern microorganisms beforehandrub, after handrub 1 and after handrub 5.Samples in this research were 69 nurses hospital of infection diseases Prof.Dr.Sulianti Saroso worked in tuberculosis (Dahlia 1) ward, HIV-AIDS room (Dahlia 2) ward, intensive ( ICU) Unit, and pediatric (Nusa Indah 1) ward, obstetrics (Nusa Indah 3) ward, the research was taken with purposive techniques of sampling.These microorganisms which found on the health workers at hospital of infectious disease Prof .Dr .Sulianti Saroso before handrub is transient and resident microorganisms i.e. fungi ,Staphylococcus epidermidis, Acinetobacter anitratus, Enterobacter cloacae and Citrobacter mikroorganism mean while after hand rub 1 and 5 are fungi and staphylococcus epidermis.The number of a colony before handrub a maximum of 150 colony,otherwise the number of the colony after handrub 1 and to 5 a maximum of 87 and 75.The result of friedmantest stated that there are differences in the number of colonies of third implementation (before, after the implementation of handrub 1 and 5 handrub obtained (pvalue=0.000).The implementation of handrub is effective treatment in reducing the number a colony microorganisms in the hands.

scholarly journals Implementasi Koordinasi Lintas Sektor dalam Rangka Pengendalian Leptospirosis di Kabupaten Jeneponto

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 162-171
Author(s):  
Wirdayanti Wirdayanti ◽  
Syamsuar Manyullei ◽  
Muh. Fajaruddin Natsir
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Health Center ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Zoonotic Disease ◽  
Zoonotic Diseases ◽  
Psychological Consequences ◽  
Phenomenological Design

Leptospirosis is an infectious disease caused by leptospira sp. and many are found in populations of people who live in rural areas. Leptospirosis is also a zoonotic disease that can be endemic and has adverse economic, social and psychological consequences. Zoonotic disease is closely related to human health, animals, and also the environment so that in controlling and preventing it is necessary the involvement or cooperation of various parties absolutely. This study was to determine cross-sectoral cooperation through coordination in the context of controlling leptospirosis in Jeneponto Regency. This type of research is qualitative with a phenomenological design. The number of informants in this study was 14 people. Determination of informants obtained by purposive sampling by determining the criteria for informants who are willing to be interviewed and play an important role in controlling infectious diseases. Showed that coordination between informants in the cross-sector had been carried out through the administration at the puskesmas conducted every quarter. Coordination conducted by the informant in controlling leptospirosis still needs to be improved, especially communication in the event of a case or outbreak in the community. The conclusion in this study is that cross-sectoral coordination needs to be improved, especially in controlling zoonotic diseases that occur in the community. The researchers suggest to the health center health workers to always coordinate well with other sectors that should be involved in controlling leptospirosis.

scholarly journals PROFESSOR NIL FEDOROVICH FILATOV (1847 - 1902) - PEDIATRIC-INNOVATOR, CLINICIAN AND TEACHERS (TO THE 170TH ANNIVERSARY OF THE BIRTHDAY)

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 260-263
Author(s):  
T. Sh. Morgoshiia
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Infectious Mononucleosis ◽  
Significant Contribution ◽  
Childhood Diseases ◽  
Teaching Activity ◽  
Large School ◽  
Diagnostic Sign ◽  
Pediatric Diseases ◽  
British Physician

The article contains the main milestones of life and career of professor Filatov. It was noted that during 25 years of scientific and teaching activity N.F. Filatov has made a significant contribution to the development of world Pediatrics. He is the author of over 70 scientific works, including “a Short textbook of pediatric diseases” (1893), aged 12 editions, and “Clinical lectures” (1900). His monograph “Lectures on acute infectious diseases” (1885) through 4 editions, “Semiotics and diagnosis of childhood diseases” (1890) - 9 editions, it is translated into German, Czech, Italian, Hungarian and French. In the monographs and manuals N.F. Filatov studied many of pokoleniya-pediatricians. He described the infectious disease named Filatov scarlatinal rubella. She was later described by the British physician Duxom; one of the presently used names of the disease - a disease Filatov-Dukes. In the first edition of “Lectures on infectious diseases” N.F. Filatov described is not known until the time of infectious mononucleosis, which he called idiopathic inflammation of the cervical lymphatic glands. The disease is now often called a disease Filatov. In 1895 N. F. Filatov, described an important diagnostic sign of measles is the appearance of catarrhal period of illness 1 - 2 days before appearance of rash spot grayish-white lesions on the mucosa of lips and cheeks. As was established later, this sign was first described by A.P. Belsky in 1890, then regardless of him. F. Filatov, and in 1896 Aplicom. In the literature, this symptom is known as spots Belsky-Filatova-Koplik. N.F. Filatov described the pathogenesis of some forms of edema syndrome in children, published works on prolonged afebrile forms of the flu. N. F. Filatov developed a clinical-physiological direction in Pediatrics. He created a large school of domestic pediatricians. Among his students were V.I. Molchanov and G.N. Speransky.

Principles of infectious disease control

2021 ◽  
pp. 597-622
Author(s):  
Robert J. Kim-Farley
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Disease Control ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Infectious Disease Control ◽  
Public Health Officials ◽  
Prevention And Control Measures ◽  
And Control

Infectious diseases remain a leading cause of morbidity, disability, and mortality worldwide. Lower respiratory infections are the third leading causes of death worldwide and their control is a constant challenge that faces health workers and public health officials in both industrialized and developing countries. This chapter provides a global and comprehensive view of the principles of infectious disease control through examination of the magnitude of disease burden, the chain of infection (agent, transmission, and host) of infectious diseases, the varied approaches to their prevention and control (measures applied to the host, vectors, infected humans, animals, environment, and agents), and the factors conducive to their eradication as well as emergence and re-emergence.

The contribution of N.F. Filatov the national pediatrics (to the 170 anniversary from the birthday of N.F. Filatov) (1847-1902)

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 117-120
Author(s):  
Temuri Sh. Morgoshiia
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Infectious Mononucleosis ◽  
Significant Contribution ◽  
Childhood Diseases ◽  
Teaching Activity ◽  
Large School ◽  
Diagnostic Sign ◽  
Pediatric Diseases ◽  
British Physician

It was noted that during 25 years of scientific and teaching activity N.F. Filatov has made a significant contribution to the development of world Pediatrics. He is the author of over 70 scientific works, including “a Short textbook of pediatric diseases” (1893), aged 12 editions, and “Clinical lectures” (1900). His monograph “Lectures on acute infectious diseases” (1885) through 4 editions, “Semiotics and diagnosis of childhood diseases” (1890) – 9 editions, it is translated into German, Czech, Italian, Hungarian and French. In the monographs and manuals N.F. Filatov studied many of pokoleniya-pediatricians. He described the infectious disease named Filatov scarlatinal rubella. She was later described by the British physician Duxom; one of the presently used names of the disease – a disease Filatov-Dukes. In the first edition of "Lectures on infectious diseases" N.F. Filatov described is not known until the time of infectious mononucleosis, which he called idiopathic inflammation of the cervical lymphatic glands. The disease is now often called a disease Filatov. In 1895 N.F. Filatov, described an important diagnostic sign of measles is the appearance of catarrhal period of illness 1-2 days before appearance of rash spot grayish-white lesions on the mucosa of lips and cheeks. As was established later, this sign was first described by A.P. Belsky in 1890, then regardless of him F. Filatov, and in 1896 Koplik. In the literature, this symptom is known as spots Belsky-Filatova-Koplik. N.F. Filatov described the pathogenesis of some forms of edema syndrome in children, published works on prolonged afebrile forms of the flu. N.F. Filatov developed a clinical-physiological direction in Pediatrics. He created a large school of domestic pediatricians. Among his students were V.I. Molchanov and G.N. Speransky.

scholarly journals Leveraging the Niche of Open Data for Disease Surveillance and Health Education

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ta-Chien Chan ◽  
Yung-Chu Teng ◽  
Chiao-ling Kuo ◽  
Yao-Hsien Yeh ◽  
Bo-Cheng Lin
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Health Education ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Web Application ◽  
Census Data ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Age Distribution ◽  
Open Data ◽  
Interactive Maps ◽  
The Right

ObjectiveTo visualize the incidence of notifiable infectious diseasesspatially and interactively, we aimed to provide a friendly interfaceto access local epidemic information based on open data for healthprofessionals and the public.IntroductionTransparency of information on infectious disease epidemicsis crucial for not only public health workers but also the residentsin the communities. Traditionally, disease control departmentscreated official websites for displaying disease maps or epi-curveswith the confirmed case counts. The websites were usually veryformal and static, without interaction, animation, or even the aid ofspatial statistics. Therefore, we tried to take advantage of open dataand use a lightweight programming language, JavaScript, to createan interactive website, named “Taiwan Infectious Disease Map(http://ide.geohealth.tw/)“. With the website, we expect to providereal-time incidence information and related epidemiological featuresusing interactive maps and charts.MethodsThis study used infectious-disease-related open data from Taiwan’sopen data platform (http://data.gov.tw) maintained by the TaiwanCDC. It covers 70 types of infectious diseases starting from 2004, andthe latest status is updated every day. We then automatically bridgethis data into our database and calculate the age-adjusted incidencerate by annual census data and 2000 WH0 standard population.The spatial resolution is mostly at the township level, except thatresolution for sexually-transmitted infectious diseases is at the citylevel. The temporal resolution is month and year, except for denguefever, which is by week.We used R software to automatically compute incidence everyday, and also used its package named “spdep” to compute the spatialclusters of the selected infectious diseases online. In addition, weused JavaScript language, PHP, OpenLayers 3 and Highcharts toimplement interactive maps and charts. All the data and graphicalfigures from the charts viewed in this website can be downloadedfreely. The temporal animation slider can be played and paused atany time point. The health education button can directly link to anintroduction to the selected infectious disease maintained by theTaiwan CDC.ResultsThe website of the Taiwan Infectious Disease Map is displayedin Figure 1. The users can select the temporal precision, types ofinfectious diseases, spatial precision and the gender at the beginning.In this case, the left map is the spatial distribution of the cumulativeincidence of tuberculosis (TB) in 2016. The darker red color representshigher incidence. The right top panel is the ranking of TB incidenceamong 368 townships. The right middle panel is the ranking of TBincidence among 22 cities or counties. The right bottom panel is theannual TB incidence from 2004 to the current date. The highest TBincidence was 67.47 per 100,000 in 2004, and this declined sharply to15.92 per 100,000 in 2015.ConclusionsWith this user-friendly web application, the public and localpublic health workers can easily understand the current risk for theirtownships. The application can provide relevant health education forthe public to understand diseases and how to protect themselves. Thespatial clusters, gender distribution, age distribution, epi-curve andtop ten infectious diseases are all practical and important informationprovided from this website to assist in preventing and mitigating nextepidemic.

scholarly journals Genetics of Sub-Saharan African Human Population: Implications for HIV/AIDS, Tuberculosis, and Malaria

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerald Mboowa
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Susceptible Host ◽  
Host Genetics ◽  
Evolutionary Forces ◽  
Host Genetic ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Hiv Aids

Sub-Saharan Africa has continued leading in prevalence and incidence of major infectious disease killers such as HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis, and malaria. Epidemiological triad of infectious diseases includes susceptible host, pathogen, and environment. It is imperative that all aspects of vertices of the infectious disease triad are analysed to better understand why this is so. Studies done to address this intriguing reality though have mainly addressed pathogen and environmental components of the triad. Africa is the most genetically diverse region of the world as well as being the origin of modern humans. Malaria is relatively an ancient infection in this region as compared to TB and HIV/AIDS; from the evolutionary perspective, we would draw lessons that this ancestrally unique population now under three important infectious diseases both ancient and exotic will be skewed into increased genetic diversity; moreover, other evolutionary forces are also still at play. Host genetic diversity resulting from many years of malaria infection has been well documented in this population; we are yet to account for genetic diversity from the trio of these infections. Effect of host genetics on treatment outcome has been documented. Host genetics of sub-Saharan African population and its implication to infectious diseases are an important aspect that this review seeks to address.

scholarly journals PROFESSOR NIL FEDOROVICH FILATOV (1847 - 1902) - PEDIATRIC-INNOVATOR, CLINICIAN AND TEACHERS (TO THE 170TH ANNIVERSARY OF THE BIRTHDAY)

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 260-263
Author(s):  
T. Sh. Morgoshiia
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Infectious Mononucleosis ◽  
Significant Contribution ◽  
Childhood Diseases ◽  
Teaching Activity ◽  
Large School ◽  
Diagnostic Sign ◽  
Pediatric Diseases ◽  
British Physician

The article contains the main milestones of life and career of professor Filatov. It was noted that during 25 years of scientific and teaching activity N.F. Filatov has made a significant contribution to the development of world Pediatrics. He is the author of over 70 scientific works, including “a Short textbook of pediatric diseases” (1893), aged 12 editions, and “Clinical lectures” (1900). His monograph “Lectures on acute infectious diseases” (1885) through 4 editions, “Semiotics and diagnosis of childhood diseases” (1890) - 9 editions, it is translated into German, Czech, Italian, Hungarian and French. In the monographs and manuals N.F. Filatov studied many of pokoleniya-pediatricians. He described the infectious disease named Filatov scarlatinal rubella. She was later described by the British physician Duxom; one of the presently used names of the disease - a disease Filatov-Dukes. In the first edition of “Lectures on infectious diseases” N.F. Filatov described is not known until the time of infectious mononucleosis, which he called idiopathic inflammation of the cervical lymphatic glands. The disease is now often called a disease Filatov. In 1895 N. F. Filatov, described an important diagnostic sign of measles is the appearance of catarrhal period of illness 1 - 2 days before appearance of rash spot grayish-white lesions on the mucosa of lips and cheeks. As was established later, this sign was first described by A.P. Belsky in 1890, then regardless of him. F. Filatov, and in 1896 Aplicom. In the literature, this symptom is known as spots Belsky-Filatova-Koplik. N.F. Filatov described the pathogenesis of some forms of edema syndrome in children, published works on prolonged afebrile forms of the flu. N. F. Filatov developed a clinical-physiological direction in Pediatrics. He created a large school of domestic pediatricians. Among his students were V.I. Molchanov and G.N. Speransky.

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