Democratising democracy, humanising human rights: European decolonial social movements and the “alternative thinking of alternatives”

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 333-341 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Suárez-Krabbe

This paper offers a snapshot of the potential contributions that Decolonial Social Movements have to the democratisation of democracy and to the humanisation of human rights. It analyses European realities of racist exclusion through the theorizations of four Decolonial Social Movements; the Parti des Indigènes de la République (PIR) in France, the Dutch Black Movement, the Islamic Human Rights Commission in the UK, and the Studies Group of the Andalusian Workers’ Union (Grupo de Estudios - Sindicato Andaluz de Trabajadores; GE-SAT). These movements all point to two fundamental crises of longue durée: the crisis generated by the category of the ‘human’, and that generated through the idea of ‘democracy’. They underline the importance of ‘democratising democracy’, and ‘humanising human rights’ in ways that take into account ‘other grammars of human dignity’. In essence, this effort implies abandoning the category ‘human’ and the idea of ‘democracy’ as globalised localisms –as the products of racism; the appropriation, violence and control of people marked as dispensable, subhuman and nonhuman, and instead reinventing them in ways that effectively counter their inherently racist/sexist logics; an alternative thinking of alternatives. 

2019 ◽  

Roads, bridges, aqueducts and canals are amongst the physical infrastructures that allowed Roman dominance over the Empire, while meeting economic, social and strategic needs. Due to their structural role in the management and control of a territory, they must be examined in view of the “longue durée”, which necessarily raises the issue of their regular maintenance and occasional restoration. By studying the interactions between different political and administrative authorities, but also the involvement of private individuals, be they users or riverside occupants, the papers gathered in this volume highlight the rehabilitation procedures of road and hydraulic facilities, but also the prevention strategies against potentially irreversible damages. To understand the overall legal framework, along with the technical constraints and socio-political modalities of these interventions, a multidisciplinary approach was adopted to foster the dialogue between history, archaeology and Roman law. With contributions by Cosima Möller, Marguerite Ronin: Einleitung/Introduction Johannes Michael Rainer: Die Interdikte zum Schutze von Strassen und Wasserwegen im römischen Recht Christer Bruun: Die Bedeutung der Flüsse für den Verkehr und für die ländliche Wasserversorgung nach den Ansichten der römischen Juristen und Kaiser Ignacio Czeguhn: Kontinuität von Rechtsregelungen über Fragen des Wasserrechts auf der iberischen Halbinsel Charles Davoine: La restauration des infrastructures routières dans l’Occident romain. L’apport des inscriptions Marguerite Ronin: L’entretien des réseaux d’adduction privés et la gestion du risque de pénurie dans l’Empire romain. L’apport des sources juridiques Yasmina Benferhat: Die kurzlebigen Brücken Hélène Dessales, Julie Carlut, Francesca Filocamo: L’entretien d’un aqueduc face aux risques géologiques. Le cas du Serino, Italie Laetitia Borau: Entretien et restauration des aqueducs: quels indices archéologiques? L’exemple de la Gaule romaine Nicolas Lamare: Lacum uetustate conlabsum restituere: restaurations et transformations des fontaines monumentales d’Afrique tardive Michel Tarpin: Territorialisation des corvées et de la fiscalité: le rôle des pagi dans l’entretien et l’utilisation des voies et cours d’eau


2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 343-371 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yohei Okada

Abstract The Behrami and Saramati decision of the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR) has invited severe censure for discarding the well-established dichotomy between UN peacekeeping and UN-authorized operations, and applying the ultimate authority and control test instead of the effective control test for the purpose of attribution in the context of the UN-authorized operation in Kosovo. Harsh criticism notwithstanding, in Serdar Mohammed and Kontic, the domestic courts in the UK have recently followed the Behrami and Saramati approach. In Kontic, nearly 10 years after the Behrami and Saramati decision, the court found that the approach taken by the ECtHR was ‘persuasive authority of the very weightiest kind’. Therefore, it is high time for Behrami and Saramati to be revisited. This study argues that the ECtHR did apply the effective control test along with the ultimate authority and control test in Behrami and Saramati, and that the UK courts aligned themselves with this approach. The Behrami and Saramati decision was not fundamentally wrong as a matter of interpretation and the conclusion reached by the ECtHR that the misconduct was not attributable to the respondent states was not manifestly absurd. Nevertheless, the decision was not without deficiency because it failed to take full account of the delicate equilibrium that the effective control test seeks. The present study aims to precisely identify what was wrong with the decision.


Refuge ◽  
2008 ◽  
pp. 69-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosemary A. Barbera

Military regimes throughout Latin America used a variety of tactics to instill terror in the population. In the case of Chile, the military dictatorship used torture, assassination, disappearance, exile and relegación, or internal exile, in its quest to weaken social movements and control social and economic processes. This article will discuss the effects of relegación on the families and communities that the relegados left behind, drawing on human rights literature and interviews of persons in the Santiago shantytown of La Pincoya.


Author(s):  
Gráinne de Búrca

This chapter describes the current climate in which human rights law and institutions are under threat from the rise of political illiberalism, and are also being sharply critiqued by sceptical scholars who predict the decline and demise of the human rights movement. These developments are juxtaposed with the simultaneous rise of social movements and protests around the world, many of which invoke and claim human rights as part of their campaigns for social, political, environmental, racial, economic and other forms of justice. While some commentators have argued that human rights are ‘not enough’ in the pursuit of justice, this book takes the view that politics without human rights—i.e. without the kind of moral and institutional underpinning provided by the human rights framework with its explicit set of commitments to human dignity, freedom, and welfare—are not enough. It challenges the view of human rights as an ineffective, marginal or apolitical movement, and argues that human rights are the product of ongoing contestation and engagement between a multiplicity of actors, institutions and norms at different levels, including grassroots activists and advocates as well as international bodies and domestic institutional actors.


Author(s):  
Bernhard Schlink

The concept of human dignity is used as a flag under which people fight for freedom, equality, and decent living conditions; as a foundational concept for human rights; and as a right that protects core elements of human identity and integrity absolutely. The concept is also used to reinforce specific claims for freedom and equality rhetorically without contributing to the solution of the conflict at hand. But the concept also bridges the gaps between the different usages; it expresses their overlap; and as a Sehnsuchtsbegriff it brings together people who long for a better and fairer world. In human dignity discourse lawyers bring legal problems and philosophers’ reflections on what humans are and owe each other—under a secular premise. Theologians rarely reflect on the dangers for human dignity within the church and similar institutions resulting from hierarchy and control, unequal treatment of women and others, celibacy, paternalism and seclusiveness.


2010 ◽  
Vol 194 (6) ◽  
pp. 1045-1069 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacques Bazex ◽  
Emmanuel Alain Cabanis ◽  
Mmes Brugère-Picoux ◽  
Moneret-Vautrin ◽  
M.M. Ardaillou ◽  
...  

2020 ◽  
Vol 108 (2) ◽  
pp. 207
Author(s):  
Yassine Ennaciri ◽  
Mohammed Bettach ◽  
Ayoub Cherrat ◽  
Ilham Zdah ◽  
Hanan El Alaoui-Belghiti
Keyword(s):  

La production de l’acide phosphorique au monde engendre l’accumulation d’une grande quantité d’un sous-produit acide appelé phosphogypse (PG). La grande partie de ce PG est rejetée sans aucun traitement dans l’environnement, ce qui forme une source significative de contamination à longue durée. Le PG Marocain est principalement formé par le sulfate de calcium, à côté de diverses impuretés telles que les phosphates, les fluorures, les matières organiques, les métaux lourds et les éléments radioactifs. Cet article détaille en particulier les différentes propriétés physico-chimiques du PG Marocain. La compréhension de ces propriétés permet en générale d’identifier les différents agents de contamination de l’environnement contenus dans ce résidu. De plus, les facteurs affectant la présence des différentes sortes d’impuretés dans le PG sont aussi discutés.


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