scholarly journals Role of Mycoplasma hominis in Bacterial Vaginosis

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-21
Author(s):  
Monowara Begum ◽  
Md. Nurul Alam ◽  
Kazi Mosihur Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Vaginosis ◽  
Mycoplasma Hominis ◽  
Gardnerella Vaginalis ◽  
Aerobic Bacteria ◽  
Tertiary Level ◽  
Isolation Rate ◽  
Candida Spp ◽  
Vaginal Swabs ◽  
The Difference

A total of 115 women were investigated along with 50 controls in order to find out association of Mycoplasma hominis in Bacterial Vaginosis (BV) cases. Vaginal swabs were collected from the cases enrolled from three tertiary- level Hospitals of Dhaka City during December, 1993 to December, 1994. Specimens were cultured on appropriate media and M. hominis was isolated from 28 (24.3%) specimens collected from patients and 3 (6%) from healthy controls. The difference of isolation rate was statistically significant (p<0.05) between cases and the controls. In addition to M. hominis, Gardnerella vaginalis was present in 35 (30.4%), Candida spp. in 26 (22.6%), Trichomonas vaginilis in 10 (8.7%) and other aerobic bacteria in 11 (9.5%) cases.Bangladesh J Med Microbiol 2008; 02 (01): 18-21DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjmm.v2i1.21783

scholarly journals Specifications of Microfloria in Dysbacteriosis of the Urogenital Tract in Women

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 146-151
Author(s):  
T. V. Sklyar ◽  
◽  
O. M. Medvedeva ◽  
О. А. Drehval ◽  
L. P. Holodok ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Mycoplasma Hominis ◽  
Urogenital Tract ◽  
Gardnerella Vaginalis ◽  
Smear Microscopy ◽  
Candida Spp ◽  
Aerobic Vaginitis ◽  
Vaginal Microflora ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Age Category

The microbiocenosis of the vagina is a set of microorganisms that inhabit this habitat, normally represented mainly by lactobacilli. The condition of the microbiocenosis of the vagina is of great importance for reproductive health. Bacterial vaginosis and aerobic vaginitis are infectious diseases of the vagina caused by imbalances between physiological and opportunistic microflora, which are normally found in small quantities. The purpose of the study. The work is devoted to the study and analysis of the microflora of the urogenital tract of women in different periods of life with dysbiotic disorders. Materials and methods. A study of the vaginal microflora of 50 women of different ages who complained to a gynecologist was carried out. Microscopic examination of biological material from the vagina using Pappenheim staining showed complete or partial absence of lactobacilli in the samples and their replacement by other bacteria. Smear microscopy showed an increased content of epithelial cells, leukocytes and "key cells" - Gardnerella vaginalis in 25% of women of the 2nd age category (25-35 years old). In women of the 1st and 3rd age categories (15-25 and 45-65 years old, respectively), the content of epithelial cells and leukocytes was normal or slightly higher than normal. Results and discussion. In no case were gonococci and Trichomonas detected in the examined smears. Lactobacilli (bacillus flora) were most often registered in the 1st age category - almost 80%, against 12% in the second and 13% in the third. In 68% of women of the 2nd age category the mixed coco-stick flora prevailed; in the 3rd age group mixed microflora was found in 36% of people; in the first – was absent. Poor microflora was most often found in group 3 of women – 66%, against 20% in group 2, and was not observed in women of group 1. Real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to identify microorganisms in the studied samples. Conclusion. As a result of the survey of women of all ages, 155 strains of pathogenic microorganisms were isolated. The largest number of samples contained Candida spp. (18.7%), Staphylococcus spp. (10.3%), Gardnerella vaginalis (9.7%), Streptococcus spp. (7.1%), Mobiluncus spp., Atopobium vaginae, Leptotrichia spp., Eubacterium spp. were detected in a small number of samples, Ureaplasma urealytic and Mycoplasma hominis were not detected

scholarly journals Bacterial vaginosis: epidemiologic, clinical and diagnostic updates

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Giorgio Dirani ◽  
Silvia Zannoli ◽  
Maria Federica Pedna ◽  
Francesco Congestrì ◽  
Patrizia Farabegoli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Vaginosis ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Gardnerella Vaginalis ◽  
Vaginal Fluid ◽  
Molecular Approach ◽  
Candida Spp ◽  
Kappa Test ◽  
Lactobacillus Spp ◽  
Standard Techniques ◽  
Atopobium Vaginae

Background and aims. Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is one the more frequently identified genital syndrome among childbearing aged women. The basic condition that generates this condition is a modification in the vaginal microbiota. The aim of this paper is to briefly review the current status of the art of BV and to report the results of a pilot study performed with an innovative PCR based technique. Materials and Methods. 36 samples of vaginal fluid routinely submitted for the diagnosis of BV to the Unit of Microbiology – GRHL were comparatively evaluated by standard techniques and with the HP-Vaginiti e Vaginosi NLM kit that simultaneously detects in a quantitative way specific DNA from Candida (albicans, glabrata; krusei, tropicalis), Gardnerella vaginalis, Lactobacillus spp. and Atopobium vaginae. Results and conclusions. Candida spp. has been identified in 8 samples with culture and in 15 with the molecular test. 29 G. vaginalis were found by PCR whereas only in 7 samples a specific prescription for this microbe was present (of which 4 positive). A. vaginae has been identified in 20 samples by the molecular approach and Lactobacillus spp. was identified in 19 samples (by culture) and in 32 by PCR. The overall diagnosis of BV was made in 9 patients by standard techniques and in 7 by applying the molecular approach. (Cohen’s kappa test: 0,84). The findings of this study clearly demonstrate that the joint use of the routine culture- based techniques with the multiplex PCR methods amplifies by far the sensitivity of the overall diagnostic workflow of BV.

scholarly journals Role of Gardnerella vaginalis in the Pathogenesis of Bacterial Vaginosis: A Conceptual Model

2014 ◽  
Vol 210 (3) ◽  
pp. 338-343 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane R. Schwebke ◽  
Christina A. Muzny ◽  
William E. Josey
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Vaginosis ◽  
Conceptual Model ◽  
Gardnerella Vaginalis

scholarly journals Features of amniotic fluid microbiota in full-term pregnancy

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (6) ◽  
pp. 13-24
Author(s):  
M. A. Kaganova ◽  
N. V. Spiridonova ◽  
L. K. Medvedchikova-Ardiya
Keyword(s):  
Amniotic Fluid ◽  
Ureaplasma Urealyticum ◽  
Mycoplasma Hominis ◽  
Full Term ◽  
Gardnerella Vaginalis ◽  
Elective Cesarean Section ◽  
Fetal Membranes ◽  
Term Pregnancy ◽  
Candida Spp ◽  
Bacterial Mass

Objective. To study the microbial landscape of amniotic fluid in physiological process of full-term pregnancy. Recently, after publication of a number of studies regarding human microbiota (The Human Microbiome Project HMP), there occurred a change in paradigm on absolute sterility of fetal membranes and amniotic fluid in physiologically developing pregnancy. Materials and methods. At the City Clinical Hospital № 1 named after N.I. Pirogov, during elective cesarean section of 19 pregnant women (at the terms of 3741 weeks) with intact fetal membranes, an amniotic fluid of the following microorganisms was taken by means of PCR-PB: Lactobacillus spp., Enterobacteriaceae, Streptococcus spp., Staphylococcus spp., Gardnerella vaginalis / Prevotella bivia / Porphyromonas spp., Eubacterium spp., Sneathia spp. / Leptotrihia spp. / Fusobacterium spp., Megasphaera spp. / Veillonella spp. / Dialister spp., Lachnobacterium spp. / Clostridium spp., Mobiluncus spp. / Corynebacterium spp., Peptostreptococcus spp., Atopobium vaginae, Mycoplasma hominis, Ureaplasma (urealyticum + parvum), Candida spp., Mycoplasma henitalium. Results. The general bacterial mass (GBM) of amniotic fluid in intact fetal membranes is 103,02 Ge/copies, in 47.4 % of cases the amniotic fluid is sterile. Microbiota is most often presented by Enterobacteriaceae spp. 37 %, the share of the rest, identified bacteria is 28 %, the share of unknown is 35 %. Conclusions. In case of physiologically developing pregnancy and intact fetal membranes, the general bacterial mass is low (GBM = 103,02 345 Ge/ml). In the intact amniotic sac the most typical microorganisms living in amniotic fluid are Enterobacteriaceae spp. (37 %), the rest are presented in single instances. The presence of the representatives of anaerobic vaginal dysbiosis as well as lactobacilli is not typical for the intact fetal membranes.

scholarly journals Antagonism and synergism in Gardnerella vaginalis strains isolated from women with bacterial vaginosis

2010 ◽  
Vol 59 (8) ◽  
pp. 891-897 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. S. Teixeira ◽  
K. L. K. Soares-Brandão ◽  
K. M. G. R. Branco ◽  
J. L. M. Sampaio ◽  
R. M. D. Nardi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Vaginosis ◽  
Chemical Nature ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Antagonistic Activity ◽  
Gardnerella Vaginalis ◽  
Ecological Role ◽  
Micro Organisms

Antagonistic and synergistic substances are important for interactions between micro-organisms associated with human body surfaces, either in healthy or in diseased conditions. In the present study, such compounds produced by Gardnerella vaginalis strains isolated from women with bacterial vaginosis (BV) were detected in vitro and the antagonistic ones were partially characterized. Among 11 G. vaginalis strains tested, all showed antagonistic activity against at least one of the 22 indicator bacteria assayed. Interestingly, for some of these strains, antagonism reverted to synergism, favouring one of the indicator strains (Peptostreptococcus anaerobius) when the growth medium was changed. Partial characterization of antagonistic substances suggested a bacteriocin-like chemical nature. Depending on growth conditions, G. vaginalis isolated from women with BV produced antagonistic or synergistic compounds for other bacterial components of the vaginal ecosystem. This is the first report to our knowledge of the production of antagonistic and/or synergistic substances by G. vaginalis. This ability may be a pivotal factor in understanding BV and the ecological role of this bacterium in the vaginal environment.

scholarly journals Diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis

2013 ◽  
Vol 141 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 560-564
Author(s):  
Slobodanka Djukic ◽  
Ivana Cirkovic ◽  
Biljana Arsic ◽  
Eliana Garalejic
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Vaginosis ◽  
Anaerobic Bacteria ◽  
Infectious Agent ◽  
Mycoplasma Hominis ◽  
Clinical Syndrome ◽  
Gardnerella Vaginalis ◽  
Clinical Criteria ◽  
Vaginal Microflora ◽  
Molecular Tests ◽  
Ultimate Cause

Bacterial vaginosis is a common, complex clinical syndrome characterized by alterations in the normal vaginal flora. When symptomatic, it is associated with a malodorous vaginal discharge and on occasion vaginal burning or itching. Under normal conditions, lactobacilli constitute 95% of the bacteria in the vagina. Bacterial vaginosis is associated with severe reduction or absence of the normal H2O2?producing lactobacilli and overgrowth of anaerobic bacteria and Gardnerella vaginalis, Atopobium vaginae, Mycoplasma hominis and Mobiluncus species. Most types of infectious disease are diagnosed by culture, by isolating an antigen or RNA/DNA from the microbe, or by serodiagnosis to determine the presence of antibodies to the microbe. Therefore, demonstration of the presence of an infectious agent is often a necessary criterion for the diagnosis of the disease. This is not the case for bacterial vaginosis, since the ultimate cause of the disease is not yet known. There are a variety of methods for the diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis but no method can at present be regarded as the best. Diagnosing bacterial vaginosis has long been based on the clinical criteria of Amsel, whereby three of four defined criteria must be satisfied. Nugent?s scoring system has been further developed and includes validation of the categories of observable bacteria structures. Up?to?date molecular tests are introduced, and better understanding of vaginal microbiome, a clear definition for bacterial vaginosis, and short?term and long?term fluctuations in vaginal microflora will help to better define molecular tests within the broader clinical context.

Bacterial vaginosis and anaerobic balanitis

2019 ◽  
pp. 213-224
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Vaginosis ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Gardnerella Vaginalis ◽  
Diagnosis And Management

This chapter, ‘Bacterial vaginosis (BV) and anaerobic balanitis’, provides an overview of the aetiology, clinical features, diagnosis, and management of these common conditions. It contains discussion of the role of a polymicrobial vaginal biofilm in the aetiology of BV and outlines the associated organisms. Clinical features and complications of BV are discussed, and the chapter then goes on to look at the different diagnostic frameworks used (including Hay-Ison and Amsel’s criteria). The management of BV is discussed with particular attention to strategies for recurrent BV and also pregnancy. The chapter ends with a discussion of anaerobic balanitis in men and the role that Gardnerella vaginalis plays.

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