scholarly journals Specifications of Microfloria in Dysbacteriosis of the Urogenital Tract in Women

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 146-151
Author(s):  
T. V. Sklyar ◽  
◽  
O. M. Medvedeva ◽  
О. А. Drehval ◽  
L. P. Holodok ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Mycoplasma Hominis ◽  
Urogenital Tract ◽  
Gardnerella Vaginalis ◽  
Smear Microscopy ◽  
Candida Spp ◽  
Aerobic Vaginitis ◽  
Vaginal Microflora ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Age Category

The microbiocenosis of the vagina is a set of microorganisms that inhabit this habitat, normally represented mainly by lactobacilli. The condition of the microbiocenosis of the vagina is of great importance for reproductive health. Bacterial vaginosis and aerobic vaginitis are infectious diseases of the vagina caused by imbalances between physiological and opportunistic microflora, which are normally found in small quantities. The purpose of the study. The work is devoted to the study and analysis of the microflora of the urogenital tract of women in different periods of life with dysbiotic disorders. Materials and methods. A study of the vaginal microflora of 50 women of different ages who complained to a gynecologist was carried out. Microscopic examination of biological material from the vagina using Pappenheim staining showed complete or partial absence of lactobacilli in the samples and their replacement by other bacteria. Smear microscopy showed an increased content of epithelial cells, leukocytes and "key cells" - Gardnerella vaginalis in 25% of women of the 2nd age category (25-35 years old). In women of the 1st and 3rd age categories (15-25 and 45-65 years old, respectively), the content of epithelial cells and leukocytes was normal or slightly higher than normal. Results and discussion. In no case were gonococci and Trichomonas detected in the examined smears. Lactobacilli (bacillus flora) were most often registered in the 1st age category - almost 80%, against 12% in the second and 13% in the third. In 68% of women of the 2nd age category the mixed coco-stick flora prevailed; in the 3rd age group mixed microflora was found in 36% of people; in the first – was absent. Poor microflora was most often found in group 3 of women – 66%, against 20% in group 2, and was not observed in women of group 1. Real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to identify microorganisms in the studied samples. Conclusion. As a result of the survey of women of all ages, 155 strains of pathogenic microorganisms were isolated. The largest number of samples contained Candida spp. (18.7%), Staphylococcus spp. (10.3%), Gardnerella vaginalis (9.7%), Streptococcus spp. (7.1%), Mobiluncus spp., Atopobium vaginae, Leptotrichia spp., Eubacterium spp. were detected in a small number of samples, Ureaplasma urealytic and Mycoplasma hominis were not detected

scholarly journals Analysis of long-term results of Metrogil vaginal gel and Metrogil plus in the treatment of recurrent vaginal biocenosis disorders

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 32-38
Author(s):  
T. V. Provotorova
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Long Term Results ◽  
Gardnerella Vaginalis ◽  
Quantitative Composition ◽  
Smear Microscopy ◽  
Vaginal Microbiome ◽  
Candida Spp ◽  
Vaginal Gel ◽  
Gel Treatment ◽  
Group 2

Aim: to study the efficacy of Metrogil vaginal gel and Metrogil plus in patients with recurrent vaginal biocenosis disorders. Materials and methods. A total of 234 patients were examined. Among them, 115 women with mixed flora without Candida spp in their vaginal microbiome, received Metrogil vaginal gel treatment (group 1), and 119 women with mixed flora and Candida spp. in their vaginal microbiome, received treatment with Metrogil plus applied as an intravaginal gel (group 2). To assess the treatment efficacy, patients’ complaints, objective examination data, pH-metry, smear microscopy, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) results were analyzed. Results. In the vaginal microbiome of all patients before treatment, the presence of heterogeneous gram-positive and gram-negative flora was detected; among those bacteria, a markedly decreased presence of Lactobacillus spp. (to 102-103 cfu/ml) and a dramatically increased presence of Gardnerella vaginalis, Atopobium vaginae, Mobiluncus spp. was found; there was also a significant amount of Candida spp. in patients of group 2. By the end of the treatment, the patients presented no complaints, there were no objective clinical symptoms, the pH values came to normal, and the PCR results showed an improvement in the qualitative and quantitative composition of the vaginal microflora. In most patients, this positive result persisted for 3 months. Conclusion. The decision on pharmacotherapy in patients with recurrent disbalance of vaginal biocenosis should be based on the qualitative composition of the vaginal microbiome.

scholarly journals Features of amniotic fluid microbiota in full-term pregnancy

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (6) ◽  
pp. 13-24
Author(s):  
M. A. Kaganova ◽  
N. V. Spiridonova ◽  
L. K. Medvedchikova-Ardiya
Keyword(s):  
Amniotic Fluid ◽  
Ureaplasma Urealyticum ◽  
Mycoplasma Hominis ◽  
Full Term ◽  
Gardnerella Vaginalis ◽  
Elective Cesarean Section ◽  
Fetal Membranes ◽  
Term Pregnancy ◽  
Candida Spp ◽  
Bacterial Mass

Objective. To study the microbial landscape of amniotic fluid in physiological process of full-term pregnancy. Recently, after publication of a number of studies regarding human microbiota (The Human Microbiome Project HMP), there occurred a change in paradigm on absolute sterility of fetal membranes and amniotic fluid in physiologically developing pregnancy. Materials and methods. At the City Clinical Hospital № 1 named after N.I. Pirogov, during elective cesarean section of 19 pregnant women (at the terms of 3741 weeks) with intact fetal membranes, an amniotic fluid of the following microorganisms was taken by means of PCR-PB: Lactobacillus spp., Enterobacteriaceae, Streptococcus spp., Staphylococcus spp., Gardnerella vaginalis / Prevotella bivia / Porphyromonas spp., Eubacterium spp., Sneathia spp. / Leptotrihia spp. / Fusobacterium spp., Megasphaera spp. / Veillonella spp. / Dialister spp., Lachnobacterium spp. / Clostridium spp., Mobiluncus spp. / Corynebacterium spp., Peptostreptococcus spp., Atopobium vaginae, Mycoplasma hominis, Ureaplasma (urealyticum + parvum), Candida spp., Mycoplasma henitalium. Results. The general bacterial mass (GBM) of amniotic fluid in intact fetal membranes is 103,02 Ge/copies, in 47.4 % of cases the amniotic fluid is sterile. Microbiota is most often presented by Enterobacteriaceae spp. 37 %, the share of the rest, identified bacteria is 28 %, the share of unknown is 35 %. Conclusions. In case of physiologically developing pregnancy and intact fetal membranes, the general bacterial mass is low (GBM = 103,02 345 Ge/ml). In the intact amniotic sac the most typical microorganisms living in amniotic fluid are Enterobacteriaceae spp. (37 %), the rest are presented in single instances. The presence of the representatives of anaerobic vaginal dysbiosis as well as lactobacilli is not typical for the intact fetal membranes.

scholarly journals Diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis

2013 ◽  
Vol 141 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 560-564
Author(s):  
Slobodanka Djukic ◽  
Ivana Cirkovic ◽  
Biljana Arsic ◽  
Eliana Garalejic
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Vaginosis ◽  
Anaerobic Bacteria ◽  
Infectious Agent ◽  
Mycoplasma Hominis ◽  
Clinical Syndrome ◽  
Gardnerella Vaginalis ◽  
Clinical Criteria ◽  
Vaginal Microflora ◽  
Molecular Tests ◽  
Ultimate Cause

Bacterial vaginosis is a common, complex clinical syndrome characterized by alterations in the normal vaginal flora. When symptomatic, it is associated with a malodorous vaginal discharge and on occasion vaginal burning or itching. Under normal conditions, lactobacilli constitute 95% of the bacteria in the vagina. Bacterial vaginosis is associated with severe reduction or absence of the normal H2O2?producing lactobacilli and overgrowth of anaerobic bacteria and Gardnerella vaginalis, Atopobium vaginae, Mycoplasma hominis and Mobiluncus species. Most types of infectious disease are diagnosed by culture, by isolating an antigen or RNA/DNA from the microbe, or by serodiagnosis to determine the presence of antibodies to the microbe. Therefore, demonstration of the presence of an infectious agent is often a necessary criterion for the diagnosis of the disease. This is not the case for bacterial vaginosis, since the ultimate cause of the disease is not yet known. There are a variety of methods for the diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis but no method can at present be regarded as the best. Diagnosing bacterial vaginosis has long been based on the clinical criteria of Amsel, whereby three of four defined criteria must be satisfied. Nugent?s scoring system has been further developed and includes validation of the categories of observable bacteria structures. Up?to?date molecular tests are introduced, and better understanding of vaginal microbiome, a clear definition for bacterial vaginosis, and short?term and long?term fluctuations in vaginal microflora will help to better define molecular tests within the broader clinical context.

Vaginal biocenosis in patients with gynecological cancers.

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e17574-e17574
Author(s):  
Vera P. Nikitina ◽  
Tatiana A. Zykova ◽  
Elena A. Shevyakova ◽  
Oksana E. Zhenilo ◽  
Ekaterina V. Verenikina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ureaplasma Urealyticum ◽  
Sharp Decrease ◽  
Gardnerella Vaginalis ◽  
Gynecological Cancers ◽  
Candida Spp ◽  
Prevotella Bivia ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Staphylococcus Spp ◽  
Lactobacillus Spp ◽  
Group 1

e17574 Background: The purpose of the study was to assess vaginal biocenosis in patients with gynecological cancers (GCs) and in non-cancer women. Methods: The study included 50 patients aged 52.3+2 years with histologically verified GCs (cervical cancer – 23, endometrial cancer – 27) – group 1, and 22 non-cancer women aged 42.4+2.3 – group 2. Vaginal swabs were taken prior to antitumor treatment. Real-time PCR was used to determine the total bacteria mass (TBM) and DNAs of 16 groups of microorganisms: Lactobacillus spp., Enterobacteriaceae, Streptococcus spp., Staphylococcus spp., Gardnerella vaginalis+Prevotella bivia+Porphyromonas spp., Eubacterium spp., Sneathia spp.+Leptotrichia spp.+Fusobacterium spp., Megasphaera spp.+Veillonella spp.+Dialister spp., Lachnobacterium spp.+Clostridium spp., Mobiluncus spp.+Corynebacterium spp., Peptostreptococcus spp., Atopobium vaginae, Candida spp., Mycoplasma hominis, Ureaplasma (urealyticum+ parvum), Mycoplasma genitalium. Results: Vaginal biocenosis was assessed as normocenosis in 12 (24%) women in group 1 and 12 (54.5%, p = 0.012) women in group 2; conditional normocenosis - 2 (4%) and 3 (13.6%, p > 0.05); dysbiosis - 36 (72%) and 7 (31.8%, p = 0.0017), respectively. Anaerobic bacteria prevailed in women with dysbiosis in both groups (46% and 22.7%, p = 0.005); aerobic dysbiosis was registered in 16% and 4.5% (p > 0.05), mixed dysbiosis – in 10% and 4.5% (p > 0.05) of women of groups 1 and 2, respectively. Normal flora ( Lactobacillus spp.) was observed in 23 (46.0%) in group 1 and 17 (77.3%, p = 0.02) in group 2. Streptococcus spp. >10% of TBM were found in 9 (21.9%) women in group 1 and not found in group 2 (p = 0.049). Gardnerella vaginalis+Prevotella bivia+Porphyromonas spp. >10% of TBM were found in 27 (54.0%) in group 1 and 6 (27.3%, p = 0.031) in group 2; Staphylococcus spp. - 13 (26.0%) in group 1 and 12 (54.5%, p = 0.031) in group 2. Conclusions: Development of gynecological tumors was accompanied by a sharp decrease in Lactobacillus spp., a significant increase in Gardnerella vaginalis+ Prevotella bivia+ Porphyromonas spp. and Streptococcus spp., vaginal dysbiosis with a predominance of anaerobic and mixed microflora.

scholarly journals Role of Mycoplasma hominis in Bacterial Vaginosis

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-21
Author(s):  
Monowara Begum ◽  
Md. Nurul Alam ◽  
Kazi Mosihur Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Vaginosis ◽  
Mycoplasma Hominis ◽  
Gardnerella Vaginalis ◽  
Aerobic Bacteria ◽  
Tertiary Level ◽  
Isolation Rate ◽  
Candida Spp ◽  
Vaginal Swabs ◽  
The Difference

A total of 115 women were investigated along with 50 controls in order to find out association of Mycoplasma hominis in Bacterial Vaginosis (BV) cases. Vaginal swabs were collected from the cases enrolled from three tertiary- level Hospitals of Dhaka City during December, 1993 to December, 1994. Specimens were cultured on appropriate media and M. hominis was isolated from 28 (24.3%) specimens collected from patients and 3 (6%) from healthy controls. The difference of isolation rate was statistically significant (p<0.05) between cases and the controls. In addition to M. hominis, Gardnerella vaginalis was present in 35 (30.4%), Candida spp. in 26 (22.6%), Trichomonas vaginilis in 10 (8.7%) and other aerobic bacteria in 11 (9.5%) cases.Bangladesh J Med Microbiol 2008; 02 (01): 18-21DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjmm.v2i1.21783

Pregnancy against the background of bacterial vaginosis: modern ways of solving the problem

2018 ◽  
pp. 23-30
Author(s):  
O.V. Gorbunova ◽  
◽  
N.P. Goncharuk ◽  
H.V. Zarichanska ◽  
N.A. Ermolovich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Vaginosis ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Local Therapy ◽  
Perinatal Complications ◽  
Aerobic Vaginitis ◽  
Vaginal Microflora ◽  
Keywords Screening ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Combined Drugs ◽  
Selection Of

Pregnancy against the background of bacterial vaginosis is accompanied by a high risk of obstetric and perinatal complications. Therefore, bacterial vaginosis must be treated in pregnant women. Screening and therapy are performed at the beginning of the II or III trimester of pregnancy. The survival of colonies of pathogenic microorganisms in biofilms is significantly increased, so they can remain viable even at high concentrations of antiseptic. The main advantage of using local combined antiseptic agents is the ability to achieve the maximum concentration of the antibiotic exactly in the place of the greatest accumulation of pathogens with the ability to influence biofilms. The objective: was to compare the efficacy and safety of various regimens of therapy with topical combined drugs (Lynda and Meratin Combi) in pregnant women with bacterial vaginosis. Materials and methods. The biocenosis of the vagina was investigated in 351 pregnant women in the II trimester. The diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis was established if the patient had any three of the Amsel criteria. Results. Microbiological screening of the vaginal biocenosis in the II trimester of pregnancy showed that normocenosis among the surveyed was 18.5%; bacterial vaginosis – 31.6%; vulvovaginal candidiasis – 26.5%; aerobic vaginitis – 22.8%, trichomonas vaginitis – 0.6%. Against the background of bacterial vaginosis, the threat of miscarriage, placental dysfunction occurred 6 times more often, anemia and preeclampsia three times more often, gestational pyelonephritis twice more often than in healthy pregnant women. In most patients, the sensitivity of the vaginal microflora to metronidazole and ornidazole is the same, but depends on the dose of the antiseptic, the sensitivity to miconazole was almost twice as high as to nystatin. This confirms the need for a differentiated selection of antiseptics for local therapy of bacterial vaginosis during pregnancy. Conclusion. A more rapid dynamics of the disappearance of the main symptoms of bacterial vaginosis and the normalization of the pH of the vaginal secretion were noted after the use of the drug Limenda. In order to prevent relapse of the disease, it is necessary to carry out the second stage of treatment with probiotics to restore its own lactoflora. Keywords: screening of vaginal biocenosis in the II trimester of pregnancy; complications of pregnancy against the background of bacterial vaginosis; treating bacterial vaginosis during pregnancy; biofilms; sensitivity of the vaginal microflora to antiseptics; topical treatment of bacterial vaginosis; Limenda; Meratin Kombi.

scholarly journals Differences in exoenzyme production and adherence ability of Candida spp. isolates from catheter, blood and oral cavity

2010 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 139-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolina Rodrigues Costa ◽  
Xisto Sena Passos ◽  
Lúcia Kioko Hasimoto e Souza ◽  
Percilia de Andrade Lucena ◽  
Orionalda de Fátima Lisboa Fernandes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Egg Yolk ◽  
Yeast Suspension ◽  
Phospholipase Activity ◽  
Candida Spp ◽  
Proteinase Production ◽  
Buccal Epithelial Cells ◽  
Different Sources ◽  
Adherence Ability

Phospholipase and proteinase production and the ability of adhesion to buccal epithelial cells (BEC) of 112 Candida isolates originated from oral cavity of HIV infected patients and from blood and catheter of intensive care unit patients were investigated. The proteinase production was detected by inoculation into bovine serum albumin (BSA) agar and the phospholipase activity was performed using egg yolk emulsion. A yeast suspension of each test strain was incubated with buccal epithelial cells and the number of adherence yeast to epithelial cells was counted. A percentage of 88.1% and 55.9% of Candida albicans and 69.8% and 37.7% of non-albicans Candida isolates produced proteinase and phospholipase, respectively. Non-albicans Candida isolated from catheter were more proteolytic than C. albicans isolates. Blood isolates were more proteolytic than catheter and oral cavity isolates while oral cavity isolates produced more phospholipase than those from blood and catheter. C. albicans isolates from oral cavity and from catheter were more adherent to BEC than non-albicans Candida isolates, but the adhesion was not different among the three sources analyzed. The results indicated differences in the production of phospholipase and proteinase and in the ability of adhesion to BEC among Candida spp. isolates from different sources. This study suggests that the pathogenicity of Candida can be correlated with the infected site.

scholarly journals Detection of Gardnerella vaginalis, Candida spp. and Trichomonas vaginalis DNA in symptomatic women

2010 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vittorio Focarelli ◽  
Vincenzo Rondinelli ◽  
Maria Gabriella Lepore ◽  
Pasquale Minchella ◽  
Raffaele Saraceno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trichomonas Vaginalis ◽  
Gardnerella Vaginalis ◽  
Candida Spp

Negonorėjiniai uretritai: etiopatogenezė, klinikos, diagnostikos ir gydymo savitumai

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 259-264
Author(s):  
Simona Žilinskienė ◽  
Arūnas Petkevičius
Keyword(s):  
Chlamydia Trachomatis ◽  
Ureaplasma Urealyticum ◽  
Mycoplasma Hominis ◽  
Mycoplasma Genitalium ◽  
Gardnerella Vaginalis ◽  
Ureaplasma Parvum

Negonorėjinis uretritas (NGU) yra dažniausia vyrų lytinių takų liga. Mokslinių tyrimų rezultatais pagrįsta, kad pagrindiniai sukėlėjai yra Chlamydia trachomatis, Mycoplasma genitalium, Ureaplasma urealyticum. Įdiegus pažangius molekulinės diagnostikos metodus, dažnai šlaplės mikrofloroje randama Mycoplasma hominis, Ureaplasma parvum, Gardnerella vaginalis ir kitų saprofitinių mikroorganizmų, kurių svarba uretritų etiopatogenezėje yra prieštaringa ir iki galo neišaiškinta. Negydytas vyrų uretritas gali sukelti sutrikimų, susijusių su reprodukcine bei lytine funkcija, ir yra viena iš pagrindinių nevaisingumo priežasčių. Šio straipsnio tikslas yra, apžvelgus mokslinę literatūrą, išanalizuoti vyrų NGU epidemiologiją, priežastis, diagnostikos ir gydymo galimybes.

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