scholarly journals Optimization of Aeration Technique for the Reduction of Impurities (Corrosive Gases) from Biogas

1970 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 339-342
Author(s):  
SMA Sujan ◽  
MS Bashar ◽  
M Rahaman ◽  
MN Haque ◽  
MY Miah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Hydrogen Sulfide ◽  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Biogas Plant ◽  
Air Injection ◽  
Injection Technique ◽  
Effective Power ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2

Biogas, produced from organic waste through anaerobic digestion (AD), is mainly composed of methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2) with smaller amount of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and nitrogen (N2). Trace amount of some other gases are occasionally present in biogas. For electricity generation from biogas, reduction of H2S is necessary because it is toxic and corrosive to most of the equipments. Reduction of Hydrogen Sulfide (H2S) from poultry based biogas (normally it contents 1500~2500 ppm) can be done by dosing air/oxygen to the main digester during the digestion process. Two methods of air injection technique have been followed for optimization of the process. Firstly two hour interval air injection and secondly air injection based on percentage of hourly gas production. The optimum air percentage to minimize H2S should be at least 3.00%. After aeration H2S level comes to the desired level (<50ppm) within 1.5-2.0 hours and remains constant up to 7-9 hours and biogas can be used for effective power generation. A complete aeration system has been developed which is simple and cost effective for H2S reduction to the desired level from poultry based biogas plant. This system can be applied for any size of poultry based biogas plant for effective power generation. Key words: Anaerobic digestion; Hydrogen Sulfide (H2S); Aeration; Biogas digester; Power generation DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjsir.v46i3.9040 BJSIR 2011; 46(3): 339-342

Gasification as an optimum alternative for the sludge management

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Peregrina ◽  
J. M. Audic ◽  
P. Dauthuille
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Combined Heat And Power ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Waste Reduction ◽  
Fluidised Bed ◽  
Sludge Management ◽  
Gas Cleaning ◽  
Cleaning System

Assimilate sludge to a fuel is not new. Sludge incineration and Combined Heat and Power (CHP) engines powered with sludge-derived anaerobic digestion gas (ADG) are operations widely used. However, they have a room of improvement to reach simultaneously a positive net power generation and a significant level of waste reduction and stabilization. Gasification has been used in other realms for the conversion of any negative-value carbon-based materials, that would otherwise be disposed as waste, to a gaseous product with a usable heating value for power generation . In fact, the produced gas, the so-called synthetic gas (or syngas), could be suitable for combined heat and power motors. Within this framework gasification could be seen as an optimum alternative for the sludge management that would allow the highest waste reduction yield (similar to incineration) with a high power generation. Although gasification remains a promising route for sewage sludge valorisation, campaigns of measurements show that is not a simple operation and there are still several technical issues to resolve before that gasification was considered to be fully applied in the sludge management. Fluidised bed was chosen by certain technology developers because it is an easy and well known process for solid combustion, and very suitable for non-conventional fuels. However, our tests showed a poor reliable process for gasification of sludge giving a low quality gas production with a significant amount of tars to be treated. The cleaning system that was proposed shows a very limited removal performance and difficulties to be operated. Within the sizes of more common WWTP, an alternative solution to the fluidised bed reactor would be the downdraft bed gasifier that was also audited. Most relevant data of this audit suggest that the technology is more adapted to the idea of sludge gasification presented in the beginning of this paper where a maximum waste reduction is achieved with a great electricity generation thanks to the use of a “good” quality syngas in a CHP engine. Audit show also that there is still some work to do in order to push sludge gasification to a more industrial stage. Regardless what solution would be preferred, the resulting gasification system would involve a more complex scenario compared to Anaerobic Digestion and Incineration, characterised by a thermal dryer and gasifier with a complete gas cleaning system. At the end, economics, reliability and mass and energy yields should be carefully analysed in order to set the place that gasification would play in the forthcoming processing of sewage sludge.

Microbiological removal of hydrogen sulfide from biogas by means of a separate biofilter system: experience with technical operation

2003 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 209-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Schieder ◽  
P. Quicker ◽  
R. Schneider ◽  
H. Winter ◽  
S. Prechtl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Hydrogen Sulfide ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Heat Exchangers ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Engine Oil ◽  
Flow Rates ◽  
Technical Operation

The “BIO-Sulfex” biofilter of ATZ-EVUS removes hydrogen sulfide from biogas in a biological way. Hydrogen sulfide causes massive problems during power generation from biogas in a power plant, e.g. corrosion of engines and heat exchangers, and thus causes frequent and therefore expensive engine oil changes. The BIO-Sulfex module is placed between the digester and the power-plant and warrants a cost-effective, reliable and fully biological desulfurization. In the cleaned gas concentrations of less than 100 ppm can be achieved. Power-plant manufacturers usually demand less than 500 or less than 200 ppm. At present, several plants with biogas flow rates between 20 and 350 m3/h are in operation.

Production of Biogas by Anaerobic Digestion of Food Waste and Process Simulation

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Abdullah Hil Baky ◽  
Muhammad Nazmul Hassan Khan ◽  
Md. Faisal Kader ◽  
Habibullah Amin Chowdhury
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Food Waste ◽  
Process Simulation ◽  
Loading Rate ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Biogas Plant ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Sustainable Solutions ◽  
University Of Technology

Anaerobic Digestion is a biological process that takes place naturally when microorganisms break down organic matter in the absence of oxygen. In an enclosed chamber, controlled anaerobic digestion of organic matter produces biogas which is predominantly methane. The produced methane then can be directly used for rural cooking; or after certain conditioning, can be used in onsite power generation, heating homes or as vehicular fuel. Besides, food waste is increasingly becoming a major problem in every society imposing serious economic and environmental concerns. For this reason, many contemporary researches are emphasizing in finding sustainable solutions to recycle and produce energy from such waste. In this context, this paper aims to study and optimize the production of biogas from food waste (rice). For the experiment, an existing wet digestion biogas plant installed in Islamic University of Technology was used. The food waste (rice) for the research was collected from the cafeteria of Islamic University of Technology. Furthermore, a process simulation was performed by PROII software to estimate the methane production rate. Eventually, the simulated and experimental results were compared. The duration of the study period was 120 days. The experimental results showed that an average specific gas production of 14.4 kg-mol/hr can be obtained for 0.05 kg-mol/hr of starch loading rate. In case of the simulated results, the gas production was found to be 19.82 kg-mol/hr for the same loading rate of starch. The percentage of methane and CO2 obtained in the biogas plant was 69% and 29% respectively.

scholarly journals Development of a Cost Effective Power Generation System: An Overview

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shiv Prakash Bihari ◽  
Yogita Kumari ◽  
Bhupender Sehgal ◽  
R.N. Chaubey ◽  
Anmol Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Generation System ◽  
Effective Power ◽  
Power Generation System

scholarly journals Industrial Waste Management by Sustainable Way

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 111-114
Author(s):  
Md. Rasel ◽  
Israt Zerin ◽  
Sakib Hossain Bhuiyan ◽  
Kazi Md Hasanul Hoque ◽  
Mazadul Hasan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Waste Management ◽  
Industrial Waste ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Cotton Waste ◽  
Industrial Waste Management ◽  
Surrounding Areas ◽  
The Right

Nowadays Industrial waste management is the key concern over the world. Biogas generation and bio-compost from knitting, cutting, spinning waste is one of the right and sustainable way of waste management. Wastage is generated almost all process in spinning, knitting and cutting in the industry. Cotton contains huge amount of dust, foreign-matters, seed and other particles. Micro dust of cotton waste has no salability and pollutes the atmosphere. Mostly, it is disposed of by burning as a result increase the CO2 level in the atmosphere which is the threat for environment as pollutes the surrounding areas. The main objective of this project is sustainable use of cotton waste by producing biogas and utilization of Slurry after Biogas Generation. Biogas generation by anaerobic digestion is sustainable, cost effective and eco-friendly method in Bangladesh. Finally, our concern is to maximum utilization all collected cotton wastes in a sustainable way i.e. anaerobic digestion way. Our experiments on wastes where those wastes produced bio-gas such as spinning cotton micro dust: 1st of all for production of gas to observe; after 30-40 days of feeding 180cc biogas was generated from 100g cotton spinning dust via lab scale biogas plant & gas also confirmed via flammability test. On the other hand smaller size of cotton cutting jhut fabric show comparatively low gas production and found that gas production depend on decomposition rate of cotton waste. Slurry treatment applied in a plant after generation of biogas and output of this application showing that  many new leafs were grown and looking more refresh within 12-14 days. So, unusable spinning cotton waste can be resources for our economy and environment instead of hazards or waste. We have recommended that yarn singeing machine can be run by produced biogas.

scholarly journals Markers for the Comparison of the Performances of Anoxic Biotrickling Filters in Biogas Desulphurisation: A Critical Review

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 567
Author(s):  
Emky Valdebenito-Rolack ◽  
Rosario Díaz ◽  
Felipe Marín ◽  
Daniel Gómez ◽  
Felipe Hansen
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Microbiological Analysis ◽  
Biotrickling Filters ◽  
Microbial Group ◽  
Foul Smell ◽  
Chemical Solutions ◽  
Uniform Assessment ◽  
Microbiological Indicators

The agriculture and livestock industry generate waste used in anaerobic digestion to produce biogas containing methane (CH4), useful in the generation of electricity and heat. However, although biogas is mainly composed of CH4 (~65%) and CO2 (~34%), among the 1% of other compounds present is hydrogen sulphide (H2S) which deteriorates engines and power generation fuel cells that use biogas, generating a foul smell and contaminating the environment. As a solution to this, anoxic biofiltration, specifically with biotrickling filters (BTFs), stands out in terms of the elimination of H2S as it is cost-effective, efficient, and more environmentally friendly than chemical solutions. Research on the topic is uneven in terms of presenting performance markers, underestimating many microbiological indicators. Research from the last decade was analyzed (2010–2020), demonstrating that only 56% of the reviewed publications did not report microbiological analysis related to sulphur oxidising bacteria (SOB), the most important microbial group in desulphurisation BTFs. This exposes fundamental deficiencies within this type of research and difficulties in comparing performance between research works. In this review, traditional and microbiological performance markers of anoxic biofiltration to remove H2S are described. Additionally, an analysis to assess the efficiency of anoxic BTFs for biogas desulphurisation is proposed in order to have a complete and uniform assessment for research in this field.

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