scholarly journals Effects of Pneumoperitoneum during Laparoscopic Surgery in Young Children

1970 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 18-20
Author(s):  
M Ahmed ◽  
M Nessa ◽  
MS Islam ◽  
AKMZ Siddiq
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Laparoscopic Surgery ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Military Hospital ◽  
Intraabdominal Pressure ◽  
Laparoscopic Technique ◽  
Co2 Absorption ◽  
Key Words Laparoscopic Surgery ◽  
End Tidal ◽  
End Tidal Co2

This observational study of effect of pneumoperitoneum during laparoscopic surgery in 36 patients below 5 years of age (mean age 2.66 ± 1.23 yrs) was carried out in Combined Military Hospital, Dhaka over a period of 2 years. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of pneumoperitoneum in this age group. Intraabdominal pressure ceiling was fixed at 12 mm of Hg. Mean duration of pneumoperitoneum was 25 ± 3.21 minutes. Amount of CO2 absorption was assessed by rise of end tidal CO2 (ETCO2) (+21.21%). Effect of pneumoperitoneum and hypercarbia reflected by rise of pulse rate (+16.96%), systolic blood pressure (+12.19%), diastolic blood pressure (+14.58%) and pulmonary airway pressure (+25%). Oxygen saturation reduced a little bit; but came to baseline within a few minute after completion of the procedure. Electrocardiogram showed sinus rhythm in all but one patient. Requirement of postoperative analgesia was minimum. Mean hospital stay was 4±0.21 days. Postoperative side effects or complication was negligible (only two cases of postoperative vomiting). This study supports the safety and better outcome of laparoscopic technique even in young children provided there is good planning and vigilance. Key words: Laparoscopic surgery, pneumoperitoneum, children. DOI: 10.3329/jafmc.v5i2.4577 JAFMC Bangladesh Vol.5(2) (December) 2009, pp.18-20

scholarly journals Normal variations in brain oxygen extraction fraction are partly attributed to differences in end-tidal CO2

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (7) ◽  
pp. 1492-1500
Author(s):  
Dengrong Jiang ◽  
Zixuan Lin ◽  
Peiying Liu ◽  
Sandeepa Sur ◽  
Cuimei Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Disease Diagnosis ◽  
Oxygen Extraction Fraction ◽  
Oxygen Extraction ◽  
Extraction Fraction ◽  
Potential Biomarker ◽  
End Tidal ◽  
End Tidal Co2

Cerebral oxygen extraction fraction is an important physiological index of the brain’s oxygen consumption and supply and has been suggested to be a potential biomarker for a number of diseases such as stroke, Alzheimer’s disease, multiple sclerosis, sickle cell disease, and metabolic disorders. However, in order for oxygen extraction fraction to be a sensitive biomarker for personalized disease diagnosis, inter-subject variations in normal subjects must be minimized or accounted for, which will otherwise obscure its interpretation. Therefore, it is essential to investigate the physiological underpinnings of normal differences in oxygen extraction fraction. This work used two studies, one discovery study and one verification study, to examine the extent to which an individual’s end-tidal CO2 can explain variations in oxygen extraction fraction. It was found that, across normal subjects, oxygen extraction fraction is inversely correlated with end-tidal CO2. Approximately 50% of the inter-subject variations in oxygen extraction fraction can be attributed to end-tidal CO2 differences. In addition, oxygen extraction fraction was found to be positively associated with age and systolic blood pressure. By accounting for end-tidal CO2, age, and systolic blood pressure of the subjects, normal variations in oxygen extraction fraction can be reduced by 73%, which is expected to substantially enhance the utility of oxygen extraction fraction as a disease biomarker.

Anger Inhibition Potentiates the Association of High End-Tidal CO2 With Blood Pressure in Women

2001 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 470-475 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angelo Scuteri ◽  
Daniel Parsons ◽  
Margaret A. Chesney ◽  
David E. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
End Tidal ◽  
End Tidal Co2

Simulating blood pressure and end tidal CO2 in a CPR training manikin

2019 ◽  
Vol 180 ◽  
pp. 105009
Author(s):  
Nicholas Widmann ◽  
Robert Sutton ◽  
Newton Buchanan ◽  
Dana E. Niles ◽  
Godfrey Nazareth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
End Tidal ◽  
Cpr Training ◽  
End Tidal Co2

Human cardiovascular and respiratory responses to graded muscle ischemia

1976 ◽  
Vol 41 (5) ◽  
pp. 693-701 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. B. Rowell ◽  
L. Hermansen ◽  
J. R. Blackmon
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Forearm Blood Flow ◽  
Recovery Period ◽  
Major Effect ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Muscle Ischemia ◽  
Leg Muscle ◽  
End Tidal ◽  
End Tidal Co2 ◽  
Respiratory Responses

Responses of heart rate (HR), mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) ventilation (VE), and forearm blood flow (FBF) to different degrees of leg muscle ischemia were measured in eight subjects in a four-part experiment. Part I.Total circulatory occlusion (OCCL) of resting legs for 15 min had little or no effect on HR, MAP, VE, or FBF. Part II. OCCL of the legs for 3 min immediately after exercise at 50–250 W did not affect HR or end-tidal CO2; it lowered VO2 and VE and prevented recovery of MAP. Part III. OCCL beginning at end and 10, 20, 30 s before end of 7-min exercise (100–150 W) and continuing 3 min into recovery period produced sustained and gradedincrements (5–10 mmHg) in MAP, only small changes in HR, and accelerated recovery of VE while end-tidal CO2 remained constant. Part IV. OCCL atend and 30 s before end of exercise increased FBF 2.5–3.5 times; bothskin and muscle vasodilated. Thus muscle ischemia preceded by exercise can raise MAP without affecting VE, whereas baroreflexes may lower HR and raiseFBF. The results suggest the presence of muscle chemoreceptors whose major effect is on MAP.

Effects of Ampicillin/Sulbactam and Enrofloxacin on the Blood Pressure of Isoflurane Anesthetized Dogs

2013 ◽  
Vol 49 (5) ◽  
pp. 293-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeremiah D. Moorer ◽  
Heather A. Towle-Millard ◽  
Marjorie E. Gross ◽  
Mark E. Payton
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Anesthetized Dogs ◽  
Healthy Dogs ◽  
End Tidal ◽  
End Tidal Co2 ◽  
Randomized Crossover Study ◽  
Over Time

A blinded, prospective, randomized crossover study was performed to determine the effects of ampicillin Na/sulbactam Na and enrofloxacin on the blood pressure (BP) of healthy anesthetized dogs. Eight dogs were anesthetized three different times. They randomly received enrofloxacin, ampicillin Na/sulbactam Na, and saline. Systolic, diastolic, and mean arterial BPs (SAP, DAP, and MAP, respectively), heart rate (HR), O2 saturation of hemoglobin, end-tidal CO2 (ETCO2) concentration, inspired isoflurane concentration, end-tidal isoflurane (ETiso) concentration, respiratory rate, electrocardiogram, and body temperature were measured for 20 min prior to administration of treatment, during administration over 30 min, and for 30 min after administration. There was no significant difference in the SAP or ETiso. There was no significant change in the arterial pressure values over time in the enrofloxacin and ampicillin Na/sulbactam Na groups. The control group’s MAP increased over time and was increased compared with the enrofloxacin group at times 25, 35, 45, and 55. The statistical difference between the enrofloxacin and the control groups was due to an increase in the MAP in the control group, not a decrease in the enrofloxacin group’s BP. Neither enrofloxacin nor ampicillin Na/sulbactam Na caused hypotension in healthy dogs anesthetized with isoflurane and fentanyl.

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