scholarly journals Larvicidal Impact of Some Local Medicinal Plant Extracts Against Aedes Aegypti (L.)

2018 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-67
Author(s):  
MG Sharower ◽  
MA Latif
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Larval Mortality ◽  
Fourth Instar ◽  
Acetone Extract ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Medicinal Plant Extracts ◽  
Larvicidal Activities

The larvicidal potential of different solvent (hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, acetone and methanol) crude leaf extracts of five plants (Blepharis maderaspatensis, Elaeagnus indica, Maesa indica, Phyllanthus wightianus and Memecylon edule) were tested against the fourth-instar larvae of Aedes aegypti. All the tested extracts showed moderate to good larvicidal activities. However, the maximum larval mortality was detected in acetone extract of E. indica (LC50 90.89, LC90 217.21 and LC99 441.88 ppm) followed by M. indica acetone extract (LC50 173.21, LC90 289.86 and LC99 441.04 ppm). The results revealed that larvicidal properties of the four selected plants and encourages further investigation for the bioactive compounds that might possess good larvicidal properties in pure form. Asiat. Soc. Bangladesh, Sci. 44(1): 61-67, June 2018

scholarly journals Larvicidal activity of some selected medicinal plant extracts against the vector of filariasis

2020 ◽  
pp. 41-43
Author(s):  
A. B. Umar ◽  
A. H. Dankaka ◽  
M. Manjur Shah
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Culex Quinquefasciatus ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Gleditsia Triacanthos ◽  
Ocimum Gratissimum ◽  
Medicinal Plant Extracts ◽  
Larvicidal Activities

The present study assessed the role of larvicidal activities of hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol dried leaf and bark extracts of Ocimum gratissimum, Gleditsia triacanthos, Eucalyptus sglobulus and Azadirachta aindica against the fourth instar larvae of filariasis vector, Culex quinquefasciatus mosquito (Diptera: Culicidae). Larvicidal activities of four medicinal plant extracts were studied in the range of 4.69 to 1000 mg/l in the laboratory bioassays against early 4th instar larvae of Culex quinquefasciatus. The mortality data were subjected to probit analysis to determine the lethal concentrations (LC50 and LC90) to kill 50 and 90 per cent of the treated larvae of the respective species. All plant extracts showed moderate effects after 24 h of exposure; however, the highest toxic effect of leaf methanol extract of Ocimum gratissimum, bark ethyl acetate extract of Eucalyptus globulus, methanol extract of Azadirachta indicia and methanol bark extract of Gleditsia triacanthos against the larvae of Culex quinquefasciatus with LC50=43.00, 41.02, 40.12 and 20.36 mg/l; LC90=278.32, 218.72, 215.01 and 86.29 mg/l respectively. The result of findings shows that leaf and bark extract of G. tricantha, A .indica, O. gratissimum and E .globulus can be developed as ecofriendly larvicides.

Antibacterial activity of northern Ontario medicinal plant extracts

2014 ◽  
Vol 94 (2) ◽  
pp. 417-424 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haider M. Hassan ◽  
Zi-Hua Jiang ◽  
Christina Asmussen ◽  
Emma McDonald ◽  
Wensheng Qin
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Micrococcus Luteus ◽  
Xanthium Strumarium ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Northern Ontario ◽  
Cornus Canadensis ◽  
Medicinal Plant Extracts

Hassan, H. M., Jiang, Z.-H., Asmussen, C., McDonald, E. and Qin, W. 2014. Antibacterial activity of northern Ontario medicinal plant extracts. Can. J. Plant Sci. 94: 417–424. In the present study, the antibacterial activity (in vitro) of the leaf and/or flower crude extracts of Anaphalis margaritacea (L.) Benth & Hook.f., Grindelia squarrosa (Pursh) Dunal, Apocynum androsaemifolium L., Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (L.) Spreng, Cornus canadensis L. and Xanthium strumarium L. medicinal plants was analyzed through the hole-plate diffusion, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) assays against Escherichia coli, Aeromonas caviae, Paenibacillus alvei, Micrococcus luteus, Mycobacterium avium subsp. avium and Bacillus cereus bacteria. In addition, the time-kill dynamic processes of these extracts against A. caviae, B. cereus, P. alvei, and M. luteus bacteria were also tested. The leaf and flower extracts of Anap. margaritacea and G. squarrosa possess significant antibacterial activity against all the bacteria tested, with inhibition of A. caviae, P. alvei and M. luteus within 1–12 h of incubation at MBC. Particularly, at higher concentrations of the Anap. margaritacea flower crude extract (2–3×MBC), inhibition of A. caviae, B. cereus, P. alvei, and M. luteus bacteria is achieved between 0.5 and 4 h of incubation. In addition, these extracts exhibit high inhibition diameters (majority > 18 mm) and low MIC and/or MBCs (majority=1.25 mg mL−1). In contrast, the leaf extracts of Arct. uva-ursi, X. strumarium, Apoc. androsaemifolium and C. canadensis plants demonstrate moderate to low activity. These results indicate that extracts from Anap. margaritacea and G. squarrosa could be a source of novel antimicrobial scaffolds, compounds or pharmacophores with implications in the pharmaceutical industry and medicine.

Insecticidal and larvicidal activities of medicinal plant extracts against mosquitoes

2010 ◽  
Vol 107 (6) ◽  
pp. 1337-1349 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chinnaperumal Kamaraj ◽  
Abdul Abdul Rahuman ◽  
Anita Mahapatra ◽  
Asokan Bagavan ◽  
Gandhi Elango
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Medicinal Plant Extracts ◽  
Larvicidal Activities

scholarly journals Extracts of Amazonian Fungi With Larvicidal Activities Against Aedes aegypti

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Rodrigues de Oliveira ◽  
Ricardo de Melo Katak ◽  
Gilvan Ferreira da Silva ◽  
Osvaldo Marinotti ◽  
Olle Terenius ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Larvicidal Activity ◽  
Larval Mortality ◽  
Fungal Strains ◽  
Amazon Rain Forest ◽  
Vector Management ◽  
Global Increase ◽  
Larvicidal Activities

The global increase in diseases transmitted by the vector Aedes aegypti, new and re-emerging, underscores the need for alternative and more effective methods of controlling mosquitoes. Our aim was to identify fungal strains from the Amazon rain forest that produce metabolites with larvicidal activity against Aedes aegypti. Thirty-six fungal strains belonging to 23 different genera of fungi, isolated from water samples collected in the state of Amazonas, Brazil were cultivated. The liquid medium was separated from the mycelium by filtration. Medium fractions were extracted with ethyl acetate and isopropanol 9:1 volume:volume, and the mycelia with ethyl acetate and methanol 1:1. The extracts were vacuum dried and the larvicidal activity was evaluated in selective bioassays containing 500 μg/ml of the dried fungal extracts. Larval mortality was evaluated up to 72 h. None of the mycelium extracts showed larvicidal activity greater than 50% at 72 h. In contrast, 15 culture medium extracts had larvicidal activity equal to or greater than 50% and eight killed more than 90% of the larvae within 72 h. These eight extracts from fungi belonging to seven different genera (Aspergillus, Cladosporium, Trichoderma, Diaporthe, Albifimbria, Emmia, and Sarocladium) were selected for the determination of LC50 and LC90. Albifimbria lateralis (1160) medium extracts presented the lowest LC50 value (0.268 μg/ml) after 24 h exposure. Diaporthe ueckerae (1203) medium extracts presented the lowest value of LC90 (2.928 μg/ml) at 24 h, the lowest values of LC50 (0.108 μg/ml) and LC90 (0.894 μg/ml) at 48 h and also at 72 h (LC50 = 0.062 μg/ml and LC90 = 0.476 μg/ml). Extracts from Al. lateralis (1160) and D. ueckerae (1203) showed potential for developing new, naturally derived products, to be applied in integrated vector management programs against Ae. aegypti.

scholarly journals Screening of some weed extracts for ovicidal and larvicidal activities against dengue vector Aedes aegypti

2021 ◽  
Vol 82 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarika Torawane ◽  
Ramnath Andhale ◽  
Radhakrishna Pandit ◽  
Digambar Mokat ◽  
Samadhan Phuge
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Larvicidal Activity ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Egg Hatching ◽  
Ms Analysis ◽  
Ethanol Extracts ◽  
Larvicidal Activities

Abstract Background The use of plant-based formulations is an easy and economical method to control insect pests. The objectives of the present study were to evaluate ovicidal and larvicidal potential of ethanolic leaf extracts of four plants, Cyathocline purpurea, Blumea lacera, Neanotis lancifolia, and Neanotis montholonii, and their effects on gut histology of Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) larvae. We identified the phytochemicals present in the ethanolic extracts of these plants by LC-MS analysis. The eggs and larvae of A. aegypti were exposed to four concentrations (0.05, 0.1, 0.2, and 0.3 mg/mL) of crude ethanol extracts for different time durations. We observed egg hatching for 48 h, mortality, and gut histology of the 3rd instar larvae after 24, 48, and 72 h of treatments. Results LC-MS analysis revealed the presence of various active compounds such as alkaloids, tannins, saponins, and flavonoids in the ethanol extracts of all these plants. The extracts of all plants showed ovicidal activity. The extracts of C. purpurea showed the highest larvicidal activity (LC50 at 72 h = 0.088 mg/mL) followed by B. lacera (LC50 at 72 h = 0.758 mg/mL) while N. lancifolia and N. montholonii extracts did not show significant larvicidal activity. All plant extracts affected gut morphology in concentration and treatment duration-dependent manner. The plant extracts used in the present study have ovicidal properties and affected the gut histology of A. aegypti larvae. Conclusion These results suggest that C. purpurea has the highest larvicidal activity against A. aegypti larvae and can be further evaluated for application purposes.

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