scholarly journals Synthesis and characterization of a solid solution series of the type Bi2MxMn4-xO10 (M = Cr3+, Co3+ and 0.0 ≤ x ≤ 2.0.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-26
Author(s):  
Aparna Sarker ◽  
AKM Lutfor Rahman ◽  
Tapas Debnath ◽  
Altaf Hussain
Keyword(s):  
Solid Solution ◽  
Single Phase ◽  
Synthesis Temperature ◽  
Nominal Composition ◽  
Solid Solution Series ◽  
Organic Precursor ◽  
Solution Series ◽  
Type Phase ◽  
Xrd Patterns

Bi2Mn4O10 was synthesized from corresponding metal salts in glycerin by using an organic precursor-based glycerin nitrate method. The precursor was heated at various temperatures (300 – 800 °C) for about 18 hours to determine the lowest synthesis temperature for the formation of Bi2Mn4O10. The XRD patterns of the calcined samples revealed that the desired mullite type phase started to form at 600 °C, which became more crystalline with further increase of calcination temperature. Attempts were also taken to prepare chromium and cobalt incorporated solid solution series with nominal composition Bi2MxMn4-xO10 (M = Cr3+ and Co3+) by the same procedure. The XRD data of these series exhibited mullite type single phase up to x = 0.7 and 0.1 compositions for chromium and cobalt, respectively. For further insertion of M, an extra phase appeared along with the mullite type phase. J. Bangladesh Acad. Sci. 45(1); 13-26: June 2021

scholarly journals Synthesis and characterisation of (La,Pr) monazite solid solution series

2014 ◽  
Vol 70 (a1) ◽  
pp. C1106-C1106
Author(s):  
Antje Hirsch ◽  
Andreas Neumann ◽  
Anja Wätjen ◽  
Julia Heuser ◽  
Anja Thust ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid Solution ◽  
Nuclear Waste ◽  
Linear Increase ◽  
Nominal Composition ◽  
Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Solid Solution Series ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Average Deviation ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Solution Series

Monazite type ceramics are considered as potential ceramic storage materials for high level nuclear waste. Natural monazite is a host for radioactive elements like U and Th without becoming metamict due to radiation damage. Monazites are also known for their chemical flexibility and thermal stability. In this context, a solid solution series of (La,Pr)PO4 was synthesised as powders and single crystals and characterised by PXRD (Powder X-Ray Diffraction analysis), EMPA (Electron Microprobe Analysis), TGA (Thermal Gravimetric Analysis) and DSC (Differential Scanning Calorimetry). La and Pr were used as inactive surrogates for the minor actinides Am, Cm and Np, which represent major challenges in nuclear waste management due to their long half-life and high radiotoxicity. The powder samples were prepared following the protocol of [1]. Ln2O3 were mixed with NH4H2PO4 in excess. Powders were ground, pressed, and heated for one day at 12500C in air. X-Ray laboratory and synchrotron data showed that all samples were single phase. A decrease in the lattice parameters and volume with increasing Pr content was observed as expected due to the smaller radius of Pr3+ with respect to La3+ in nine fold coordination. The monoclinic angle β showed a linear increase. Using EMPA, the composition of all samples was determined. The average deviation from the nominal composition was calculated to be about 4 mol% which covers both, sample inhomogeneity and, more importantly, experimental challenges due to grain shape and porosity. In TGA and DSC curves, similar behaviour for all samples was observed, except for the Pr end member. This unsolved issue is currently under investigation. Complementary IR and Raman spectroscopic data showed the expected linear trends [2]. This behaviour was also reported for LnPO4 (Ln = La-Gd) [3]. The author gratefully thanks the BMBF (02 NUK 021E) for financial funding.

A Review of the XRD Data of the Phases Present in the CaO-SrO-CuO System

1992 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 142-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian J. Reardon ◽  
Camden R. Hubbard
Keyword(s):  
Solid Solution ◽  
Ternary System ◽  
Crystal Structures ◽  
Powder Diffraction ◽  
Solid Solution Series ◽  
Powder Diffraction File ◽  
Reference Pattern ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Solution Series ◽  
Xrd Patterns

AbstractX-ray powder patterns for the phases in the CaO-SrO-CuO ternary system, along with the corresponding crystal structures, were obtained from the literature and from the Powder Diffraction File. Available XRD patterns were compared with each other and with a calculated pattern for each phase, yielding a recommended reference pattern. The simulated powder patterns presented here deal with the phases found within the (Ca,Sr)O, (Ca,Sr)2CuO3, (Ca,Sr)14Cu24O41, (Ca,Sr)CuO2, (Ca,Sr)Cu2O3, and (Ca,Sr)Cu2O2 solid solution series and are recommended for the Powder Diffraction File (PDF).

Preparation and Characterization of Well-Dispersed Nd1.6Eu0.4Zr2O7 Solid Solution and its Fluorescent Behavior

2010 ◽  
Vol 97-101 ◽  
pp. 182-186
Author(s):  
Yu Ping Tong ◽  
Jing Wang ◽  
Rui Zhu Zhang ◽  
Shun Bo Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Solid Solution ◽  
Solid Solutions ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Single Phase ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Crystal Form ◽  
Scherrer Formula ◽  
Xrd Patterns ◽  
Average Size

Well-dispersed Nd1.6Eu0.4Zr2O7 solid solutions were successfully prepared by a convenient salt-assisted combustion process using glycine as fuel. The samples were characterized by XRD, Raman, TEM and HRTEM. The results showed that the Nd ion can be partially replaced by Eu ion. The substituted product was still single-phase solid solutions and the crystal form remained unchanged. TEM images showed that the Nd1.6Eu0.4Zr2O7 solid solutions were composed of well-dispersed sphere-shaped nanocrystals with an average size of 30 nm, which is consistent with the value obtained from XRD patterns using the Scherrer formula. Moreover, the fluorescent characterization of the Nd1.6Eu0.4Zr2O7 nanocrystals at 385 nm upon excitation was carried out at room temperature, and the results showed that there were some intense and prevailing emission peaks located at 590-650 nm.

scholarly journals Effect of Li Substitution on the Structure and Dielectric Constant of Bi0.5(Na⁠1-xLix)0.5TiO⁠3 (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.20) Solid Solution Series

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Anjali ◽  
T G Ajithkumar ◽  
Pattayil Joy
Keyword(s):  
Solid Solution ◽  
Dielectric Constant ◽  
Sodium Titanate ◽  
Close Correlation ◽  
Solid Solution Series ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Spectral Parameters ◽  
Solution Series ◽  
Xrd Patterns ◽  
Li Content

Abstract Bismuth sodium titanate Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3 (BNT) is a lead-free piezoelectric ceramic material with high Curie temperature. The effect of substitution of the smaller ion Li+ for the larger ion Na+ in Bi0.5(Na⁠1−xLix)0.5TiO⁠3 (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.20) on the structure of BNT is studied using powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman spectroscopy. Rietveld refinement analysis of the powder XRD patterns showed that all the compositions formed under monoclinic Cc space group, with the lattice parameters showing minor changes above x > 0.08. Raman spectral parameters such as position and intensity of a peak also showed a similar trend in the same Li concentration range with increasing Li content. A corresponding change in the variation of the dielectric constant with increasing Li content is observed suggesting a close correlation between the local structure and properties of the different compositions in the Bi0.5(Na⁠1−xLix)0.5TiO⁠3 solid solution series.

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