scholarly journals A Systematic Review on Immunotherapy for Guillain- Barre Syndrome

2022 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-64
Author(s):  
Abu Nayeem ◽  
Quazi Deen Mohammad ◽  
Zobaida Sultana Susan
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Clinical Course ◽  
Guillain Barre Syndrome ◽  
Low Income Countries ◽  
Outcome Study ◽  
Access To Treatment ◽  
Geographical Variations ◽  
Disease Modifying Therapies ◽  
Guillain Barré Syndrome ◽  
Guillain Barré

Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is an acute immunemediated polyradiculoneuropathy with a highly variable clinical course and outcome. Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) and plasma exchange (PE) are proven effective treatments, but about half of the patients may not respond to these therapies; moreover, these are not established yet to treat patients of every stage of GBS or its variants. Results from the International Guillain-Barré Syndrome Outcome Study suggest that geographical variations exist in Guillain-Barré syndrome, including insufficient access to immunotherapy in low-income countries. There is a need to provide improved access to treatment for all patients with Guillain-Barré syndrome, and to develop effective disease-modifying therapies that can limit the extent of nerve injury. In this review, the current literature about immunotherapeutic options is highlighted in the context of stages of the disease and its variants and additionally, upcoming modalities are discussed briefly. J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2022; 40: 57-64

scholarly journals Small volume plasma exchange for Guillain-Barré syndrome in resource-limited settings: a phase II safety and feasibility study

BMJ Open ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. e022862 ◽  
Author(s):  
Badrul Islam ◽  
Zhahirul Islam ◽  
Shafiqur Rahman ◽  
Hubert P Endtz ◽  
Margreet C Vos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Severe Sepsis ◽  
Plasma Exchange ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Small Volume ◽  
Venous Catheter ◽  
Guillain Barre Syndrome ◽  
Disability Score ◽  
Serious Adverse Events ◽  
Guillain Barré Syndrome ◽  
Guillain Barré

ObjectiveTo assess the safety and feasibility of small volume plasma exchange (SVPE) for patients with Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS).DesignNon-randomised, single-arm, interventional trial.SettingNational Institute of Neurosciences and Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh.ParticipantsTwenty adult (>18 years) patients with GBS presented within 2 weeks of onset of weakness who were unable to walk unaided for more than 10 m.InterventionsSVPE involves blood cell sedimentation in a blood bag and removal of supernatant plasma after blood cells are retransfused. This procedure was repeated three to six times a day, for eight consecutive days. Fresh frozen plasma (FFP) and normal saline were used as replacement fluid.Outcome measuresSerious adverse events (SAEs) were defined as severe sepsis and deep venous thrombosis related to the central venous catheter (CVC) used during SVPE. SVPE was considered safe if less than 5/20 patients experienced an SAE, and feasible if 8 L plasma could be removed within 8 days in at least 15/20 patients.ResultsMedian patient age 33 years (IQR 23–46; range 18–55); 13 (65%) were male. Median Medical Research Council (MRC) sum score was 20 (IQR 0–29; range 0–36); three (15%) patients required mechanical ventilation. One patient developed SAE (severe sepsis, possibly related to CVC). The median plasma volume exchanged was 140 mL/kg (range 110–175) and removal of 8 L plasma was possible in 15 (75%) patients. Patients received a median 1 g/kg IgG via FFP although a substantial proportion of IgG was probably removed again by the SVPE sessions. GBS disability score improved by at least one grade in 14 (70%) patients 4 weeks after SVPE started. No patients died.ConclusionSVPE seems a safe and feasible alternative treatment to standard plasma exchange (PE) or intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) for GBS; further studies of clinical efficacy in low-income and middle-income countries are warranted.Trial registration numberNCT02780570.

scholarly journals Guillain-Barré syndrome in a child: a clinical case

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 285-289
Author(s):  
A. Yu. Ryabchenko ◽  
E. V. Grankin
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Peripheral Nervous System ◽  
Clinical Case ◽  
Clinical Course ◽  
Guillain Barre Syndrome ◽  
Complete Regression ◽  
Gradual Improvement ◽  
Guillain Barré Syndrome ◽  
Guillain Barré

Guillain-Barré syndrome is an orphan autoimmune disease associated with the involvement of the peripheral nervous system. The clinical course of the syndrome has four main types. We present a clinical case of Guillain-Barré syndrome in a 6-year old child. Against the background of a previous infection, he developed oculomotor dysfunction, peripheral tetraparesis, sensory abnormalities with subsequent severe weakness of the respiratory muscles. The differential diagnosis included inflammatory, infectious and neoplastic spinal cord disorders, spinal cord magnetic resonance imaging, and examination of the cerebrospinal fluid. The patient's electromyographic data confirmed peripheral nerve damage. Based on all of these, the patient was diagnosed with Guillain-Barré syndrome. Specific treatment, including plasmapheresis and intravenous human immunoglobulin G at a dose of 0.4 mg daily for 5 days, and symptomatic treatment resulted in gradual improvement and complete regression of the neurological symptoms completely resolved. Since Guillain-Barré syndrome is a rare disease of the peripheral nervous system, the awareness of the specifics of its clinical course allows for earlier correct diagnosis and effective treatment.

scholarly journals Comparison of Clinical and Biochemical Parameters of Patients with Guillain Barre Syndrome and Myasthenia Gravis: Retrospective Single Center Experience

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-7
Author(s):  
Mehmet Nuri Kocak ◽  
Erdal Tekin ◽  
Mustafa Bayraktar
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Course ◽  
Binding Capacity ◽  
Guillain Barre Syndrome ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
Single Center Experience ◽  
Respiratory Involvement ◽  
Guillain Barré Syndrome ◽  
Neurological Autoimmune Diseases ◽  
Guillain Barré ◽  
Iron Binding Capacity

Background: Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) and Miyastenia gravis (MG) are common neurological autoimmune diseases. With this study, we aimed to compare the patients’ complaints, clinical course and laboratory parameters of both diseases. Methods: This study was carried out as a retrospective file scan. The study covers the dates between April 1, 2017, and April 20, 2020. The GBS and MG patients were compared in terms of sociodemographic characteristics, application complaints, clinical course, laboratory findings, treatments and outcomes. Results: In this study, 51 patients from both groups were included. The mean age of GBS and MG patients was 52.1 ±19.4 and 43.6 ±15.8 years, respectively. Respiratory involvement of the patients was 23.5% in GBS and 17.6% in MG. When the treatments of the patients were compared, it was observed that 78.4% of GBS patients and 98% of MG received IVIG treatments. Only two patients from GBS group were found to be ex. When the laboratory results were compared, it was found that lactate, vitamin D, transferrin and total iron binding capacity results were lower in GBS patients, whereas, vitamin B12 and ferritin results were lower in MG patients and this difference was statistically significant (p <0.05). Conclusion: The clinical presentation of GBS and MG is diverse and the prognosis can vary significantly among patients. Within the scope of the data obtained from the study, it was concluded that wide anamnesis and laboratory analyzes are necessary and useful for the differential diagnosis of these two diseases.

scholarly journals Electrodiagnosis of Guillain-Barre syndrome in the International GBS Outcome Study: Differences in methods and reference values

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel Arends ◽  
Judith Drenthen ◽  
Peter van den Bergh ◽  
Hessel Franssen ◽  
Robert D.M. Hadden ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reference Values ◽  
Guillain Barre Syndrome ◽  
Outcome Study ◽  
Guillain Barré Syndrome ◽  
Guillain Barré
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