scholarly journals Effect of Arsenic (NaAsO2) on the Histological Change of Snakehead Fish, Channa punctata

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 67-70
Author(s):  
Mosharrof Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Sodium Arsenite ◽  
Arsenic Exposure ◽  
Histological Change ◽  
Aquatic Weed ◽  
Teleost Fishes ◽  
Freshwater Teleost ◽  
Channa Punctata ◽  
Intestinal Functions ◽  
Apoptosis And Necrosis

Sodium arsenite (NaAsO2) considered effective for aquatic weed control, has been found to be harmful to several species of freshwater teleost fishes. Channa punctata was exposed to NaAsO2 at the concentrations of 100?l/30g and 200?l//30g body weight per fish and cultured for 14 days post exposure respectively. Tissue disorientation, peliosis and vacuolization accompanied by karyolysis, apoptosis and necrosis in the liver and heart were significant on days onwards. Irregularities in the intestines including apoptotic and necrotic cells were also common, enlargement of the mucosa and submucosa was noted. Corresponding with the histopathological lesions, necrosis of liver cells and intestinal functions or induction of heart muscles at the early phase of arsenic exposure may be the possible causes of fish death. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jles.v7i0.20123 J. Life Earth Sci., Vol. 7: 67-70, 2012

scholarly journals Arsenic Concentrations in Tissues and Body Fluids of Dogs on Chronic Low-Level Dietary Sodium Arsenite

1992 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 334-337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Regg D. Neiger ◽  
Gary D. Osweiler
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Sodium Arsenite ◽  
Arsenic Exposure ◽  
Inorganic Arsenic ◽  
Body Fluids ◽  
Dietary Sodium ◽  
Beagle Dogs ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Low Dosage

Twenty-four female Beagle dogs, 7–8 months old, were assigned to 4 groups. Control, low-dosage, medium-dosage, and high-dosage groups were offered 0, 1, 2, and 4 mg of sodium arsenite per kilogram of body weight per day (mg/kg/day), respectively, in their feed (equivalent to 0.0, 33.4, 66.7, and 133.4 μg/g in feed). On day 59, the dosage was doubled for the rest of the experiment, which ended on day 183. In general, arsenic concentrations in tissues and body fluids reflected arsenic levels in feed. Arsenic caused a dose-related decrease in food intake. Statistically significant differences in blood, liver, and kidney arsenic were detected, in most cases, between the 2 higher dosage groups and controls. The greatest differences in arsenic concentrations between groups were present in urine and hair. Results indicate that urine and hair would be the most useful specimens for chemical analysis when attempting to confirm low-level dietary inorganic arsenic exposure or poisoning.

scholarly journals GENOPROTECTIVE EFFECTS OF ETHANOLIC STEM EXTRACTS OF TINOSPORA CORDIFOLIA ON SODIUM ARSENITE-INDUCED DNA DAMAGE IN SWISS MICE LYMPHOCYTES BY COMET ASSAY

2019 ◽  
pp. 208-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
AMBASTA SK ◽  
SHASHIKANT ◽  
SINHA UK
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Sodium Arsenite ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Arsenic Exposure ◽  
Tinospora Cordifolia ◽  
Experimental Plant ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Dna Migration ◽  
Group 1

Objective: The study was aimed to evaluate the DNA protective effects of ethanolic extracts of Tinospora cordifolia stem on Swiss albino mice lymphocytes against the sodium arsenite-induced genotoxicity. Methods: In this experiment, 25 animals of nearly the same age were equally divided. Group 1 (control) fed on tap water while rest four (2, 3, 4, and 5) groups were treated with 4 mg/kg body weight, per orally sodium arsenite for 12 weeks. Sodium arsenite pretreated groups (4 and 5) were followed by administration of 80 mg/kg body weight, per orally T. cordifolia extracts for the next 12 weeks. Animals were sacrificed at the 8th week and 12th week, respectively, for the assessment of sodium arsenite-induced genotoxicity and comparative genoprotective effects of experimental plant extracts. The extent of DNA migration is directly proportional to the magnitude of DNA damage. Percentage tail DNA content and olive tail moment parameters were used in the comet to relate DNA damage. Results: The findings suggested that the ethanolic stem extracts of T. cordifolia significantly inhibited the sodium arsenite-induced oxidative genotoxicity. The phytoconstituents of T. cordifolia shown to retard genetic damage associated with arsenic exposure. Conclusion: T. cordifolia may be used as a preventive herbal preparation against chemical or arsenical toxicity.

scholarly journals Polyamine and intestinal properties in adult rats

1996 ◽  
Vol 76 (4) ◽  
pp. 627-637 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Deloyer ◽  
Guy Dandrifosse ◽  
Catherine Bartholomeus ◽  
Nadine Romain ◽  
Monique Klimek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Distal Intestine ◽  
Germ Free ◽  
Polyamine Content ◽  
Intestinal Functions ◽  
Wet Weight ◽  
Specific Activities

We questioned whether polyamines coming from the diet or produced by intestinal microflora or by intracellular metabolism influence intestinal functions. Therefore, we compared pathogen-free rats and germ-free rats receiving a diet with low polyamine content and either treated or not treated with difluoromethylornithine (DFMO) and/or methylglyoxal bis (guanylhydrazone) (MGBG). Wet weight, protein content, DNA content, sucrase (EC3.2.1.48), maltase (EC 3.2.1.20) and lactase (EC 3.2.1.23) specific activities, amounts of putrescine, spennidine and spemine were measured in the mucosa of the proximal and distal intestine. Body weight was also determined. Rats without microflora had a higher specific activity of maltase and higher amounts of spermidine and spermine but lower lactase specific activity than pathogen-free animals; the low-polyamine diet given to gem-free rats had little effect on the functional variables measured (decrease of maltase and lactase specific activities) and did not modify the amounts of polyamines. DFMO and/or MGBG administered to germ-free rats receiving a low-polyamine diet induced modifications of most of the variables studied. Body weight and wet weight of proximal and distal intestine decreased, disaccharidase specific activities decreased, and amounts of polyamines changed according to the inhibitor used. Thus, our results showed that the deprivation of polyamine supply from microflora or from the diet failed, under our experimental conditions, to affect the intestinal properties analysed but exogenous and endogenous polyamine restriction altered general properties of the organism as well as intestinal functions.

scholarly journals Behavioural shift of estuarine mudcrab as biomarker of arsenic exposure in Sundarbans estuary of West Bengal

2010 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 258-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanjib Saha ◽  
Mitali Ray ◽  
Sajal Ray
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Arsenite ◽  
West Bengal ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Natural Habitat ◽  
Arsenic Exposure ◽  
Biosphere Reserve ◽  
Scylla Serrata ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Important Species ◽  
Behavioural Profile

Mudcrab Scylla serrata (Crustacea: Decapoda) in an ecologically and economically important species of Sundarbans Biosphere Reserve was studied for its behaviour under the exposure of toxic arsenic - a common xenobiotic of this area. The behavioural profile of aquatic animals exposed to diverse toxicants are considered as an index to estimate the degree and nature of stress experienced by the animals both in nature and in experimental conditions. Present investigation involved study of selected behavioural shift of S. serrata under the sublethalconcentrations of 1, 2 and 3 ppm of sodium arsenite for 1, 2, 3 and 4 days in controlled laboratory condition. Exposure to arsenic resulted an appearance of selected abnormal behavioural manifestation including tendency of avoidance, hypersecretion of mucoid element and release of excess excretory products. Toxin induced alteration of studied behaviour is indicative to possible shift in the overall physiological functions and biological activities of this important species in its natural habitat. Chronic exposure to 3 ppm of sodium arsenite for 30 days may lead to decline this economically important species in Sundarbans Biosphere Reserve.

Involvement of proinflammatory cytokines and metallothionein in the repairing of arsenic-mediated uterine tissue damage by curcumin

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hasina Perveen ◽  
Sandip Chattopadhyay ◽  
Moulima Maity ◽  
Moumita Dash ◽  
Syed Sirajul Islam
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Sodium Arsenite ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Serum Lactate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Enzymatic Antioxidants ◽  
Uterine Tissue ◽  
Ovarian Steroidogenesis ◽  
Female Wistar Rats ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Abstract Background Curcumin is extensively used as a therapeutic intervention for treating several ailments. The antioxidant curcumin has an anti-inflammatory and chelating property with arsenic to exhibit a strong therapeutic effect on reproductive organs. This study was undertaken to describe the protective effect of noninvasive administration of curcumin against sodium-arsenite-mediated uterine hazards in female Wistar rats. Methods Twenty-four female Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups. The treatment was continued for 8 days and given orally sodium arsenite (10 mg/kg body weight) in combination with curcumin (20 mg/kg body weight). Results Our evaluation revealed that 8 days of sodium arsenite (10 mg/kg body weight) treatment reduced the activities of the uterine enzymatic antioxidants superoxide dismutase, catalase, and peroxidase. Blood levels of vitamin B12 and folic acid decreased followed by an increased serum lactate dehydrogenase, homocysteine level, and hepatic metallothionein-1 in arsenic-treated rats. Necrosis of uterine tissue along with the disruption of ovarian steroidogenesis was marked in arsenic-treated rats with an upregulation of uterine NF-κB and IL-6 along with a raised level of serum TNF-α. Oral administration of curcumin (20 mg/kg body weight/day) in arsenic-treated rats significantly reinstated these alterations of the antioxidant system followed by an improvement of ovarian steroidogenesis and the circulating level of B12 and folate along with the downregulation of serum homocysteine, metallothionein-1, and cytokines. Conclusions The findings of this study clearly and strongly elucidated that arsenic-induced oxidative stress in uterus is linked to an alteration of inflammation-signaling biomarkers and these have been protected through the co-administration of curcumin due to its anti-inflammatory, free radical scavenging, and antioxidant activity by the possible regulation of an S-adenosine methionine pool.

scholarly journals Ginsenoside Rg1 attenuates arsenic-induced mice nephrotoxicity via the activated HO-1/mTOR-associated apoptosis or autophagy signaling

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
yuan yang
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Sodium Arsenite ◽  
Animal Experiments ◽  
Arsenic Exposure ◽  
Pharmacological Effects ◽  
Ginsenoside Rg1 ◽  
Sequestosome 1 ◽  
Bioactive Product ◽  
Apoptotic Effects ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Nephrotoxicity attributed to environmental arsenic exposure, has been recognized by animal experiments and populational survey over 30 years in China, given a significance of public health by preventing from the disorder of renal function and hispathological abnormality. Here, Ginsenoside Rg1 (Rg1) as the commercial bioactive product of ginseng, play a beneficial role via antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects, which is poorly understood in arsenic-induced nephrotoxicity. The present study applied animal experiments to explore the pharmacological effects of Rg1 on sodium arsenite (SA)-induced nephrotoxicity in mice. Results showed that SA exposure led to renal pathological damage, and induced renal oxidative stress and the elevated levels of apoptosis or autophagy-associated indices in kidney. Further, western-blotting results confirmed the upregulations of pro-apoptotic Bax or autophagic unc-51-like kinase-1 (ULK1) or LC3-B signal, and the downregulations of HO-1 or mTOR signal and autophagy substrate sequestosome 1 (p62/SQSTM1) in kidney. Significantly, the intervention with Rg1 alleviated arsenic-induced renal pathological damage and oxidative stress, and upregulated the levels of HO-1, mTOR and p62, while the levels of Bax, ULK1 or LC3-B downregulated in kidney. In conclusion, the intervention with Rg1 relieves arsenic-induced mice nephrotoxicity maybe involved in the regulation of HO-1/mTOR-related apoptotic or autophagic signaling.

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