scholarly journals Prevalence and intensity of helminth parasites in the snake headed fish, Channa punctatus of Savar, Dhaka

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Sabira Sultana ◽  
Md Abdus Salam
Keyword(s):  
Channa Punctatus ◽  
Helminth Parasites ◽  
Mean Intensity ◽  
Gnathostoma Spinigerum ◽  
The Mean

Ten species of helminth parasites i.e. Neopecoelina saharanpuriensis, Mesolecitha linearis, Asymphylodora tincae, Genarchopsis bangladensis, Ditestolepis diphana, Senga sp., Neoechinorhynchus tylosuri, Pallisentis sp., Ascardia larvae., Gnathostoma spinigerum were identified from Channa punctatus of Savar area. Majority of the parasites were found in the intestine. The overall prevalence of infection of the parasites was 32.5% and the mean intensity was 1.46±1.29. Both the prevalence (34.61%) and mean intensity (1.5±1.21) were higher in male fishes than the female fishes (28.57% and 1.375± 0.99 respectively). The prevalence (13.75%) and mean intensity (1.64± 0.67) of trematodes were the highest among the parasites groups. Both the prevalence and mean intensity were the highest in the intermediate length (10.1-15.1cm) and weight (21-31gm) groups of fishes.Jahangirnagar University J. Biol. Sci. 4(1): 1-7, 2015 (June)

Influence of host weight, sex and reproductive status on helminth parasites of the wild rabbit, Oryctolagus cuniculus, in Navarra, Spain

1999 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
pp. 221-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
X. Molina ◽  
J.C. Casanova ◽  
C. Feliu
Keyword(s):  
Oryctolagus Cuniculus ◽  
Reproductive Status ◽  
Wild Rabbit ◽  
Helminth Parasites ◽  
Northern Spain ◽  
Mean Intensity ◽  
Pregnant Females ◽  
Testicular Weight ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Reproductive Females

A study was carried out in Navarra (northern Spain) on the influence of the weight, sex and reproductive status (lactant, pregnant or lactant + pregnant females and testicular weight for males) of the wild rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) on two cestodes species: Andrya cuniculi and Mosgovoyia ctenoides and four intestinal nematodes: Graphidium strigosum, Trichostrongylus retortaeformis, Nematodiroides zembrae and Dermatoxys hispaniensis. A significantly higher prevalence of A. cuniculi was detected in lactant + pregnant females compared with non-breeding females. Trichostrongylus retortaeformis and N. zembrae showed a significantly higher mean intensity in lactant and lactant + pregnant females than in non-reproductive females. Trichostrongylus retortaeformis presented a higher mean intensity in females than in males, and the mean intensity of the same parasite species was significantly lower in active and inactive males compared with lactant and lactant + pregnant females. There were no significant differences between sexes in the prevalence of helminth parasites. No significant correlation was detected between host weight and the intensity (of infection) of helminths studied. No significant differences in the prevalence and mean intensity of the two cestode species were observed in the three weight categories studied (kittens, juveniles and adults). The prevalence of G. strigosum and mean intensity of T. retortaeformis were significantly higher in older heavier animals than in juveniles.

scholarly journals Study on infestations and biodiversity of metazoan parasites in Channa punctatus (Bloch), Mymensingh region

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 409-416
Author(s):  
Naoshin Farzana ◽  
Jasmin Naher ◽  
Md Abu Zafar ◽  
Kirtunia Juran Chandra ◽  
Gias Uddin Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Channa Punctatus ◽  
Digenetic Trematode ◽  
Female Fish ◽  
Exotic Fish ◽  
Male Fish ◽  
Metazoan Parasites ◽  
Mean Intensity ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Day By Day

An investigation was conducted on infestation and reviewed biodiversity of metazoan parasites in Channa punctatus of Mymensingh region from July 2013 to June 2014. A total of 235 fish were examined and 9 species of four groups of parasites were recorded. They were (i) Euclinostomum multicaecum Tubangui and Masilungan, 1935 (ii) Euclinostomum heterostomum (Rudolphi, 1809) (iii) Genarchopsis goppo Ozaki, 1925 (iv) Allocreadium handiai  Pandey, 1937 (v) Senga ophiocephalina (Tseng, 1933) (vi) Porrocaecum sp. (vii) Ascaridia sp. (viii) Contracaecum sp. (ix) Pallisentis ophiocephali (Thapar, 1930).The maximum (86.67%) prevalence was found in  (86.67%) October and minimum (35.00%) in December whereas the maximum mean intensity (10) was observed in June and the minimum (1.42) was recorded from December. The prevalence was observed higher (68.85%) in smaller size of fish and in case of larger fish the prevalence was lower and the value was (53.62%). On the other hand, the mean intensity (5.45) was higher in smaller fish and lower (3.39) in medium sized fish. Both prevalence and mean intensity was found maximum in female fish than male fish. Among the four groups of parasites, infestation of Digenetic trematode is much higher than Nematoda, Cestoda and Acanthocephala. During the study, a list of parasites reported from Channa punctatus of Indian sub-continent was prepared. It was found that 38 species of Digenea, 4 species of Cestoda, 26 species of Nematoda and 5 species Acanthocephala were recorded. The Biodiversity of parasites seemed to be declined day by day. The responsible factors for this declination may be environmental degradation, entry of exotic fish and modernization of aquaculture etc. J Bangladesh Agril Univ 17(3): 409–416, 2019

scholarly journals Morphological and Phylogenetic Analysis of Eustrongylides sp. and Gnathostoma spinigerum Parasitizing the Asian Swamp Eel Monopterusalbus in China

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 711
Author(s):  
Sixin Zhang ◽  
Guangping Huang ◽  
Liang Li ◽  
Xianyong Liu ◽  
Xiaoli Tang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Coi Gene ◽  
Molecular Characteristics ◽  
Mean Intensity ◽  
Gnathostoma Spinigerum ◽  
Zoonotic Parasite ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
Parasite Infections ◽  
Asian Swamp Eel ◽  
Swamp Eel

Nematode infections transmitted to humans by the consumption of wild or cultured eels are increasingly being reported. In the present study, 120 Asian swamp eel, Monopterus albus (Zuiew), individuals collected from China were examined for parasite infections, and 78 larval nematodes were isolated. Morphological and molecular characteristics, including sequence and phylogenetic analysis of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene regions, were employed to identify these nematodes at the lowest taxonomic level possible. Asian swamp eel was infected with two zoonotic parasite taxa: Gnathostoma spinigerum advanced third-stage larvae, with 6.67% prevalence and mean intensity = 1.25, and Eustrongylides sp. fourth-stage larvae, with 26.67% prevalence and mean intensity = 2.13. These findings evidence the need to enhance public hygiene and food safety awareness toward eel consumption

scholarly journals Population density of helminths in ducks: effects of host’s age, sex, breed and season

1970 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
T Farjana ◽  
KR Islam ◽  
MMH Mondal
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Parasitic Infection ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Helminth Parasites ◽  
Domestic Ducks ◽  
The Mean

 A study was conducted to investigate the population density of helminth parasites in domestic ducks (Anas boschas domesticus) in relation to host's age, sex, breed and seasons of the year from March 2002 to May 2003. A total of 300 ducks were collected from different villages of Netrokona and Mymensingh districts of Bangladesh and autopsied to collect the parasites and counted to determine the population density of parasites. Off 300 ducks examined, 290 (96.66%) were infected with 17 species of helminth parasites in which 11 species were trematodes, 4 were cestodes and 2 nematodes. Among the parasites, density of cestodes was the highest (33.15±5.26), followed by trematodes (5.98±1.32); and nematodes (2.95±0.68). Mean density of parasites increased with the increase of age (young: 21.23±1.09, adult: 26.18±2.14 and old: 27.87±2.98) while the mean density of most of the helminth parasites was higher in female ducks (31.35±4.72) than in males (27.52±3.32). Indigenous ducks (33.72±3.61) were infected with the highest load of helminths than Khaki Campbell breed (29.61±4.32) of ducks. Mean density of most trematodes (5.42±0.80) were highest in winter season whereas mean density of all cestodes (48.43±4.85) and nematodes (4.13±1.76) were highest in summer.  The present study suggests that age, sex, breed of ducks and seasons of the year influence the parasitic infection to a greater extend. Key words: Population density, helminths, duck, Bangladesh DOI = 10.3329/bjvm.v6i1.1338 Bangl. J. Vet. Med. (2008). 6 (1): 45-51

scholarly journals Gastrointestinal nematode infections in sheep raised in Botucatu, state of São Paulo, Brazil

2014 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 348-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maurício Orlando Wilmsen ◽  
Bruna Fernanda Silva ◽  
César Cristiano Bassetto ◽  
Alessandro Francisco Talamini do Amarante
Keyword(s):  
Haemonchus Contortus ◽  
Natural Infection ◽  
Gastrointestinal Nematode ◽  
Gastrointestinal Nematodes ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Mean Intensity ◽  
Oesophagostomum Columbianum ◽  
The Mean ◽  
In Parenthesis

Gastrointestinal nematode infections were evaluated in sheep raised in Botucatu, state of São Paulo, Brazil between April 2008 and March 2011. Every month, two tracer lambs grazing with a flock of sheep were exposed to natural infection with gastrointestinal nematodes for 28 consecutive days. At the end of this period, the lambs were sacrificed for worm counts. Haemonchus contortus presented 100% of prevalence. The seasons exerted no significant influence on the mean intensity of H. contortus, which ranged from 315 worms in November 2010 to 2,5205 worms in January 2011. The prevalence of Trichostrongylus colubriformis was also 100%, with the lowest mean intensity (15 worms) recorded in February 2011 and the highest (9,760 worms) in October 2009. In the case of T. colubriformis, a significant correlation coefficient was found between worm counts vs. rainfall (r = −0.32; P <0.05). Three other nematodes species were found in tracer lambs, albeit in small numbers. Their prevalence and mean intensity (in parenthesis) were as follows: Oesophagostomum columbianum 28% (25.2), Cooperia curticei 7% (4.5) and Trichuris spp. 2% (1). In conclusion, the environmental conditions of the area proved to be highly favorable for the year-round transmission of H. contortus and T. colubriformis.

scholarly journals Digenetic Trematode Parasites in Two Fresh Water Fishes Ophiocephalus Punctatus and Xenentodon Cancila From North West Himalayas

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sukanya Rajput ◽  
Seema Langer
Keyword(s):  
Fresh Water ◽  
Digenetic Trematode ◽  
Host Fish ◽  
Mean Intensity ◽  
North West ◽  
Trematode Infection ◽  
Xenentodon Cancila ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Union Territory ◽  
Trematode Parasites

Abstract The study was conducted during September 2018-August 2019 to study the digenetic trematode infection in fresh water fishes of some of the water bodies viz. Gho-manhasan, Chakrali and Chadwal of Jammu region of J&K union territory A total of 220 fishes comprising Ophiocephalus punctatus and Xenentodon cancila belonging to families Channidae and Belonidae respectively were examined. A total of 4 digenetic trematode parasites belonging to 4 different families i.e., Euclinostomum heterostomum (Clinostomidae Luhe, 1901); Phyllodistomum tripathi (Gorgoderidae Looss, 1901); Genarchopsis piscicola (Hemiuridae, Luhe, 1901), and Bucephalopsis karvei (Bucephalidae Poche, 1907) were detected. The overall prevalence of digenetic trematode infection was 65.90% and the mean intensity was 3.58. Among these Genarchopsis piscicola showed the highest prevalence (40.38%) with mean intensity 2.95 in the host fish Xenentodon cancila, while in other species the prevalence ranged between 26.23% and 34.62%. Present study authenticates the presence of several species of digenetic trematode parasites in the fishes inhabiting freshwater of J&K union territory.

Effect of Chlorophyllin on Urinary Odor in Incontinent Geriatric Patients

1983 ◽  
Vol 17 (10) ◽  
pp. 732-734 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milap C. Nahata ◽  
Carole A. Slencsak ◽  
Judith Kamp
Keyword(s):  
Visual Analog Scale ◽  
Washout Period ◽  
Geriatric Patients ◽  
Odor Intensity ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Analog Scale ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Mean Intensity ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Percent Decrease

This randomized, double-blind, crossover, placebo-controlled study involved 20 incontinent geriatric patients; all had indwelling Foley catheters. Each patient received chlorophyllin 100 mg/d for two weeks and placebo daily for two weeks, separated by a washout period of one week. For each subject, the intensity of urinary odor was measured ten times during both the treatment and placebo regimen and three times during the washout period, using a visual analog scale. A decrease in urinary odor was associated with chlorophyllin in 12 patients and with placebo in 6 patients at the end of two weeks on each regimen. Chlorophyllin treatment was associated with about a 21-percent decrease in mean urinary odor intensity, whereas placebo increased the odor by about 9 percent. The mean intensity of urinary odor was lowest during the second week of chlorophyllin treatment. Despite the decrease in urinary odor in many patients receiving chlorophyllin, its effect was not significantly greater than that of placebo. Our data suggest that chlorophyllin 100 mg/d for two weeks may not be effective in incontinent geriatric patients with mild to moderate urinary odor.

VARIATIONS IN THE KARA SEA LEVEL, THEIR STERIC FACTORS, AND SOLAR RADIATION DURING 1993-2018

2021 ◽  
pp. 38-52
Author(s):  
A.V. KHOLOPTSEV ◽  
◽  
S.A. PODPORIN ◽  
V.A. SAFONOV ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Water Layer ◽  
Kara Sea ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Mean Intensity ◽  
Steric Factors ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Long Term Variations

The GLORYS12v.1 and ERA5 reanalyses for different months are used to study a relationship between long-term variations in the monthly mean values of sea level in different areas of the Kara Sea and their steric factors during 1993-2018. The areas of the sea were identified where the relationships between these changes and variations in the mean temperature and salinity of the upper quasihomogeneous water layer, as well as the variations in the monthly mean intensity of their insolation, are statistically significant.

scholarly journals Occurrence and Spatial Distribution of Dibothriocephalus Latus (Cestoda: Diphyllobothriidea) in Lake Iseo (Northern Italy): An Update

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (14) ◽  
pp. 5070
Author(s):  
Vasco Menconi ◽  
Paolo Pastorino ◽  
Ivana Momo ◽  
Davide Mugetti ◽  
Maria Cristina Bona ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Perca Fluviatilis ◽  
Northern Italy ◽  
Commercial Fishing ◽  
European Perch ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Mean Intensity ◽  
Southern Area ◽  
Total Prevalence ◽  
The Mean

Dibothriocephalus latus (Linnaeus, 1758) (Cestoda: Diphyllobothriidea; syn. Diphyllobothrium latum), is a fish-borne zoonotic parasite responsible for diphyllobothriasis in humans. Although D. latus has long been studied, many aspects of its epidemiology and distribution remain unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence, mean intensity of infestation, and mean abundance of plerocercoid larvae of D. latus in European perch (Perca fluviatilis) and its spatial distribution in three commercial fishing areas in Lake Iseo (Northern Italy). A total of 598 specimens of P. fluviatilis were caught in 2019. The total prevalence of D. latus was 6.5%. However, there were significant differences between areas (10.2% North; 7.3% Center; 1.5% South) (Chi-square test, p = 0.0018). The mean intensity of infestation ranged from 1 larva in southern area to 1.2 larvae in both the central and northern (Pisogne) areas. In addition, the mean abundance ranged from 0.02 in the southern area to 0.26 in the northern area (Pisogne). The total number of larvae (anterior dorsal—AD = 21; anterior ventral—AV = 1; posterior dorsal—PD = 15; posterior ventral—PV = 5) differed significantly between the four anatomical quadrants (Kruskal–Wallis test; p = 0.0001). The prevalence of D. latus plerocercoid larvae in European perch from Lake Iseo has long been investigated, but without an appropriate sampling design. With the present study, a broader analysis in spatial distribution has been added to the existing literature, revealing new information about D. latus distribution and occurrence in Lake Iseo, with new data that will be useful for health authorities and future studies.

Can differences between continental and insular habitats influence the parasites communities associated with the endemic frog Haddadus binotatus?

2020 ◽  
Vol 94 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Aguiar ◽  
D.H. Morais ◽  
F.H. Yamada ◽  
L.A. dos Anjos ◽  
L.A.F. da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Parasite Transmission ◽  
Helminth Parasites ◽  
High Population Density ◽  
Geographic Isolation ◽  
Transmission Success ◽  
Parasite Richness ◽  
Continental Islands ◽  
Colonization Process ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Habitats characterized by geographic isolation such as islands have been studied using different organisms as models for understanding the dynamic and insular patterns of biodiversity. Determinants of parasite richness in insular host populations have been conducted mainly with mammals and birds, showing that parasite richness decreases in insular areas. In the present study, we predicted that the type of environment (insular or continental) can influence the richness, diversity and abundance of parasites associated with the endemic frog Haddadus binotatus (Spix, 1824). We sampled frogs in two insular and two mainland fragments to survey their helminth parasites. The total richness was composed of 15 taxa of Nematoda and two of Acanthocephala, and the community composition of the two islands had more similarities between them than the two mainland localities. The insular effect was positive for richness and abundance of helminths, and no significant effect was observed on helminth diversity – even the mean diversity presented high numbers for the islands. We presumed that insular hosts could have lost some parasites in the colonization process when these continental islands were separated from the mainland, approximately 11,000 years ago. However, the high richness and abundance on islands can be explained by an epidemiological argument, which considers high population density due to insularity and other features of the host as factors that increase parasite transmission success among individuals.

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